A new study reveals that genes from soil bacteria were transferred to algae through horizontal gene transfer, allowing early life to move from water to land. This process, known as terrestrialization, marked a crucial event in the evolution of life on Earth.
New research from Ohio State University finds a fundamental flaw in Bluetooth Low Energy devices' communication with mobile apps, leaving them vulnerable to fingerprinting attacks and unauthorized access. The study identified over 5,800 Bluetooth devices, with 94.6% of them able to be 'fingerprinted' and 7.4% vulnerable to hacking.
Researchers analyzed DNA data from 513 pairs of males living in Belgium and the Netherlands to explore paternity questions over 500 years. The study found that EPP events were more common among lower socioeconomic classes and densely populated cities.
Researchers found that parents of children with CHD want individualized, formal psychosocial support to mitigate stress and improve long-term outcomes. The study outlines ways to optimize mental health for parents and supports positive child outcomes.
Researchers found increased variability in electrical 'resetting' between heartbeats in people with HIV, linked to virus levels and increasing risk of sudden cardiac deaths. The study suggests that this measure could be used to assess risk and identify ways to intervene.
The study reveals that bacteria have multiple oxidases, with cytochrome bd oxidase playing a crucial role in energy production and stress protection. The novel findings provide insights into the development of new antimicrobials targeting pathogens.
Recent advancements in wearable and implantable hemodialysis devices have the potential to revolutionize treatment for patients with kidney failure. These devices aim to provide a more patient-friendly alternative to traditional hemodialysis, allowing patients to lead healthier lives.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have developed a way to program built-in controls in microfluidic networks, enabling the creation of miniaturized chemical laboratories on a chip. This technology has potential applications in point-of-care diagnostics, field research, and even space exploration.
A Northwestern University study combines 3D climate modeling with chemistry to explore the habitability of planets around M dwarf stars. The research finds that only planets orbiting active stars lose significant water to vaporization, making them less likely to sustain life.
Integral Molecular to receive up to $5.5 million from NIAID to study antibody responses to Zika, Marburg and EEV viruses. The company's Shotgun Mutagenesis technology will aid in the discovery of vaccines and therapeutics against these deadly viruses.
The Singapore Diabetes Study in Nephropathy and other Microvascular Complications (DYNAMO) aims to reduce DKD prevalence in Singapore by 30% over five years. The study, led by Professor Thomas Coffman, uses a multi-pronged approach to better understand the disease biology and risk factors behind DKD.
Researchers from MIPT explored microRNA interactions with mRNA in two human cell lines, finding that microRNA does not strongly regulate all genes and its regulation potential does not directly depend on its expression level. The study also identified differences between microRNA interactions in the two cell lines.
A new optical switch developed by the NIST team can route light at speeds of 20 billionths of a second, making it ideal for quantum computing and high-performance computing. The device uses a miniature racetrack to redirect light signals with low signal loss.
Researchers at Rice University developed bottlebrush copolymers to refine surface coatings, making them more waterproof or conductive. The polymers' migration to top and bottom of thin films can effectively decouple properties of bulk coating from exposed surfaces.
UK researchers found significant increases in spring, autumn, and winter precipitation in upland areas, with winter increases consistent with national climate models. The study suggests caution is required when making assumptions on climate impacts based on climate models.
Researchers warn that Africa's Lake Victoria could dry up in the next 500 years due to climate change, posing a significant threat to 40 million people. The lake's water levels are projected to decline rapidly if temperature changes and precipitation patterns shift
Scientists at UCSF discovered that blocking the activity of MMP9 can prevent breast cancer from spreading to distant organs. The researchers found that MMP9 helps create a hospitable environment for cancer cells to form new tumors by remodeling healthy tissue and transforming it into safe havens.
Researchers at FSU's High-Performance Materials Institute have developed a thin heat shield for high-speed aircraft using carbon nanotubes, known as 'buckypaper.' The material is lightweight, flexible, and durable, protecting the aircraft from intense heat while reducing weight.
Researchers found that typhoons and eutrophic surface sea waters may be significant sources of dissolved organic nitrogen (ON) in wet deposition. Approximately one-third of total ON wet deposition was attributed to the co-occurrence of intense events like typhoons and strong rainfall.
A new analysis finds that large drug manufacturers would still be the most profitable industry sector even with $1 trillion in lower sales. This is despite the pharmaceutical industry having among the highest profit margins and returns of any industry group. The researchers found that large drug companies could lose significant revenue...
Researchers have discovered that blocking MCL1 protein can eliminate melanoma cells more effectively, even in late-stage cancers. Combining MCL1 antagonist AZD5991 with existing treatments like vemurafenib has a 'double whammy' effect against cancer cells.
A new study conducted at the University of Georgia found that feelings of neighborhood pride and interactions with tourists influence residents' attitudes towards short-term vacation rentals. The study, which surveyed residents in Savannah, Georgia, suggests that well-designed regulations can foster support for these types of rentals.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals the dopamine D2 receptor plays a crucial role in modulating Wnt expression and controlling cell proliferation, which may lead to new therapeutics for nephrology, endocrinology, and psychiatry. The findings also have implications for the development of precision medicine.
Researchers successfully simulated every atom of a light-harvesting structure in a photosynthetic bacterium, revealing how it converts sunlight into chemical energy. The study confirms physics drives biology at the atomic scale, informing future studies of complex energy-generating organelles.
Recent studies found that smokers and hypertensive individuals have better chances to survive subarachnoid hemorrhage than non-smokers and those with normal blood pressures. However, a new Finnish study included patients who died before reaching hospital wards and showed the opposite - that these groups are more likely to die from brai...
A global study reveals that bicarbonate use among aquatic plants is linked to local geology and concentration levels. Many freshwater plants have evolved to use bicarbonate for photosynthesis due to low dissolved CO2 in water.
Researchers analyzed over 65 years of records and data on hatchery-origin Chinook salmon in the Salish Sea, finding that larger fish are being released but still vulnerable to predators. The study suggests a narrow two-week window of release may lead to 'boom or bust' dynamics, affecting sustainability.
Researchers at Children's National Hospital aim to use mesenchymal stromal cells collected from bone marrow to promote brain growth and repair in newborns undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease. The NIH-funded trial seeks to determine the safety of this treatment and set the stage for a Phase 2 efficacy trial.
The Texas Advanced Computing Center will develop a meta-portal to provide access to analytics tools and data sets for researchers studying the biological characteristics underlying acute-to-chronic pain transition. Researchers aim to identify biomarkers that can predict chronic pain for medical and public health use.
A new study projects that urban expansion will trigger 'extra' warming due to the urban heat island effect, increasing extreme heat risks for half of the world's future urban population. The study forecasts temperatures may rise up to 3 degrees C in some locations, particularly in tropical regions.
A new study reveals that intestinal stretch sensors uniquely stop hungry mice from wanting to eat, contradicting long-held assumptions about how we feel full. Researchers mapped the molecular and anatomical identities of vagal sensory cell types innervating the stomach and intestine, discovering that these stretch receptors are more po...
Researchers discovered that SNAP, a nitric oxide donor, overcomes TMZ resistance in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells by reducing MGMT protein stability. This finding offers a potential strategy to improve treatment outcomes for patients with GBM.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that short-term sugar consumption increases the risk of colitis and worsens symptoms in mice. Madsen's research revealed that high-sugar diets feed 'bad' microbes, leading to inflammation and immune system problems.
Researchers found that prostate cancer bone metastases produce high levels of TGF-β, which crowds out helpful T cells needed for effective treatment. Combining anti-TGF-β with checkpoint inhibitors may reverse resistance and improve outcomes.
A new solar power generator prototype developed by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and US research teams will be deployed on a NASA flight to the International Space Station. The compact system could provide unprecedented watt per kilogram of power, critical to lowering costs for private space flight.
Researchers found that participants who demonstrated a game face showed improved performance in cognitive tasks, such as completing a black-and-white mandala puzzle, with an average gain of 20 percent. Additionally, the study found that game face may aid in better recovery from stress after physical challenges.
A new study found that even slight impairments in hearing can lead to decreased cognitive function, with the largest decline occurring in those whose hearing was just starting to become impaired. The researchers suggest that treating hearing loss could reduce dementia incidence by up to 9%.
Researchers successfully produce pure polynitrogen by zapping sodium azide with a jet of plasma in liquid nitrogen, opening a new avenue for stable production. The substance is stable at atmospheric pressure and temperatures up to -50 Celsius.
Scientists at Vienna University of Technology have developed a new thermoelectric material with a ZT value of 5 to 6, generating electrical current very efficiently from temperature differences. This enables sensors and small processors to supply themselves with energy wirelessly.
Research highlights the disproportionate impact of diabetes on women, with a higher risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure compared to men. Healthy lifestyle habits and glucose-lowering treatment are crucial in preventing these complications.
The J.M.K. Innovation Prize recognizes 10 non-profit and mission-driven organizations addressing pressing challenges through social innovation, providing up to $175,000 in funding over three years. The award aims to shine a spotlight on innovators tackling issues in under-resourced parts of America.
A new study by Yale researchers found that physicians rate EHR systems poorly, with an average score of 45, leading to increased frustration and burnout. The study suggests that the steep learning curve and lack of intuitive design contribute to this outcome, affecting specialties such as dermatology and general surgery.
A pilot study at Children's National Hospital found that direct-to-patient telemedicine cardiology follow-ups can safely reduce the need for in-person visits. The virtual care approach enabled doctors to extend their reach and improve patient care without unnecessary transport or lost time from work.
Researchers at FEFU developed a method to synthesize biologically active derivatives of fascaplysin, a compound found in sea sponges. The new compounds, including 14-bromoreticulatine and 3,10-dibromofascaplysin, show selective effects on cancer cells, particularly Pseudomonas Aeruginosa bacteria and human prostate cancer cells.
Researchers at NTU Singapore found that gut microbes can alter the ageing process by increasing neurogenesis and regulating energy metabolism. The discovery highlights a potential food-based treatment to slow down ageing, using butyrate produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fibres.
A team of scientists used satellite data to augment measurements of a 2017 North Korean nuclear test, estimating its yield to be between 245 and 271 kilotonnes. The study demonstrates the value of space-borne InSAR data for measuring underground nuclear tests with greater precision than conventional seismic methods.
A study by UMass Amherst researchers found that the 2008 parity law increased Medicaid acceptance rates for substance use disorder treatment centers by more than 10 percentage points. The increase was attributed to an 8.4% boost in 2009, with higher acceptance rates in the Northeast and lower rates in the South and Southeast.
Chemists at the University of Tokyo mapped an artificial molecular self-assembly pathway that forms a spherical cage and an ultrathin sheet, exhibiting primitive qualities of a 'smart' material. The research team hopes to design molecules that can self-assemble and reorganize independently under environmental conditions.
Researchers at TGen and USC have diagnosed two sisters with progressive spastic paraplegia due to an extremely rare genetic variant in the AP4S1 gene. The team used advanced precision medicine techniques, including whole-blood mRNA sequencing, to identify the variant, which had been previously overlooked.
New research reveals that chromatin dynamics regulate the entire herpes virus genome's expression during infection. The discovery sheds light on the interplay between the virus and host cells, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
A Rutgers University study found that women exposed to stress and plastic additives during late pregnancy are at increased risk of premature birth. The research suggests that the third trimester is a critical window for this risk, with higher levels of phthalates in urine and reported stress during pregnancy also linked to preterm births.
This study analyzes the performance of Russian and foreign- owned banks from 2004 to 2015, finding that state-owned banks excel during economic crises but lag behind in profit efficiency. In contrast, foreign-owned banks thrive in stable periods, thanks to better management practices.
A new study found that certain urban areas have significantly higher rates of heroin use among high school students, with Latina and white girls in Duval County, Florida, showing the highest figures for non-medical prescription opioid misuse. The findings underscore the need for tailored services to address adolescent opioid abuse.
A new study by Norwegian University of Science and Technology finds that children who can recognize 19 letters are more likely to break the reading code. Parents can support their children's reading development by practicing letter sounds and encouraging independent reading.
Magnetic reconnection near the solar surface generates solar spicules, which channel hot plasma into the corona. The study reveals that energy released from magnetic field realignment triggers enhanced spicular activity, causing local heating of the upper atmosphere.
Researchers found that inhibiting the integrated stress response (ISR) reversed memory deficits in a mouse model of Down syndrome. The study suggests that modulating ISR networks may help treat Down syndrome and other disorders resulting from disruption of this network.
A study found that bots are more successful in certain human-machine interactions when they hide their non-human identity, but cooperation rates decrease when transparency is required. This has implications for the use of bots in help desks and other scenarios where efficiency is key.
Researchers developed a new systematic analysis method that uses machine learning to integrate computational model with experimental results, providing atomic-level data on carbon surface chemistry. This allows for better understanding of carbon-based materials without human-induced bias.
Researchers at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre have identified new protein targets for drug development against prostate cancer by analyzing noncoding DNA regions. These regions, previously thought to be 'junk' DNA, were found to harbor important regulatory elements that determine gene expression.
A pre-clinical study suggests that bisphenol-s (BPS) and bisphenol-f (BPF), structural analogues of bisphenol-a (BPA), have less impact on heart electrical function, making them potentially safer for vulnerable populations. This finding could lead to the development of alternative medical products.