Scientists analyzed 141 outlet glaciers on the Greenland Ice Sheet to predict how far thinning may spread along their flow lines. Glaciers flowing over gentle slopes could have a greater impact on sea-level rise due to their ability to let thinning expand hundreds of kilometers inland.
University of Alberta researchers found that chromatin is neither solid nor liquid but rather a gel-like substance. This discovery could lead to better understanding of diseases like cancer and improve gene regulation.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected cancer treatment outcomes, with social distancing efforts potentially leading to better or worse results for patients. The study explores the implications of these measures on health behaviors and their consequences for cancer control.
A clinical study by researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign found that an antifungal drug improved key biomarkers in lung tissue cultures and nasal cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. The study suggests that the drug could benefit all patients, regardless of their mutation, offering a new approach to treatment.
The number of people with dementia from minority ethnic groups is increasing in Europe, but uptake of services remains low. Alzheimer Europe has launched a guide to support health and social care workers in providing intercultural dementia care.
A 22-year study of red squirrels in the Yukon found that living near familiar neighbors increases survival and reproductive success. The benefits were especially pronounced in older squirrels, who could offset aging by maintaining all their neighbors.
Researchers from Lithuania's three top universities have developed a method to improve anticancer drug delivery by combining low-intensity pulsed ultrasound with microbubbles. The team found that the rate of microbubble survival time is the best indicator for determining sonoporation efficiency.
Researchers are using Cold War spy satellite images to detect environmental changes, including deforestation in Romania and ecological damage from bombs in Vietnam. The study reveals previously unseen changes in the environment and provides new findings on the extent of large-scale deforestation in Romania.
This study investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with cancer receiving antitumor treatment in Italy. The results show a notable rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the vulnerability of cancer patients to COVID-19.
A retrospective study of nearly a million pregnancies in the US found that men with metabolic syndrome had an increased risk of pregnancy loss, with risks increasing by 10-27% for each component. The study suggests that pre-conception counselling should not overlook the father's health as it may impact the pregnancy.
Engineers from Aarhus University and MIT have enabled the biological synthesis of high-yield industry-relevant production of climate-neutral drop-in fuels from biowaste using an unusual light-dependent enzyme. The discovery proves that fatty acyl-CoA is the preferred reactant for the enzyme, leading to a 89% conversion rate into alkanes.
Researchers at Temple University Health System aim to break down race-related barriers to lung cancer screening and care among Blacks and African Americans. The two-year grant will support the expansion of a successful lung cancer screening program using a multi-specialty, integrated model.
Researchers at Imperial College London and King's College London suggest that dentists avoid using drills with air and water mixtures and carefully select drill rotation speeds to reduce aerosol generation. This approach can produce 60 times fewer aerosol droplets, allowing for safer dental procedures and increased patient access
New research from the University of California San Diego found that modern crop varieties introduced in 1961 reduced infant mortality rates by up to 5.3 percentage points globally, resulting in around 3-6 million infant deaths averted per year by 2000.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience found that SARS-CoV-2's spike protein can cross the blood-brain barrier, suggesting the virus can enter the brain. This could explain many COVID-19 complications, including cognitive effects like brain fog and fatigue.
Researchers will develop a human, three-dimensional model system for IPF using induced pluripotent stem cells to better understand its mechanisms. The study aims to provide insights into the development of IPF and potential new treatments.
A national vaccine strategy is crucial to defeating COVID-19, according to Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. The school recommends setting realistic expectations on vaccine effectiveness and promoting universal health coverage for vulnerable populations.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an escalation of civil wars in several war-torn countries, including India, Iraq, and Libya. Conflict parties have exploited state weakness and lack of international attention due to the pandemic.
Researchers at the University of Jena have developed a light-emitting silicon alloy, paving the way for silicon lasers that could revolutionize optical data processing. The alloy's unique crystal structure enhances the probability of efficient photon emission.
A study on North American red squirrels found that keeping the same neighbors boosts survival rates and breeding success, even for solitary species. Familiarity with neighbors reduces aggression and increases territory defense efficiency, benefiting overall fitness.
A case of COVID-19 is reported to cause severe ocular neuropathy and panuveitis, a rare inflammatory condition affecting the uvea and retina. The condition was diagnosed in a 55-year-old male patient, who experienced sudden vision loss and pain.
The study found that five of seven SDG 14 targets are achievable with spatial management tools, such as marine protected areas and fully protected areas. Single-sector tools are not effective for all targets, while multi-sectoral tools facilitate the achievement of a wide range of targets.
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data, COVID-19 has surpassed heart disease as the leading cause of death in the US. This finding highlights the significant impact of COVID-19 on public health in the country.
A recent study by University of Cincinnati Cancer Center researchers shows that the pandemic had a negative impact on both preventive screening and patient outcomes for lung cancer. The team found that total monthly CT scans and new patient scans significantly decreased during the COVID-19 period, leading to increased proportion of sus...
A team of researchers has identified a protein called RFWD3 that plays a critical role in recruiting DNA repair and signaling factors. The discovery could lead to new methods to inhibit these repair processes, making chemotherapy more efficient and reducing side effects.
A randomized clinical trial demonstrated the benefits of early integration of palliative care into oncology care for patients with high-risk AML. Patients who received integrated palliative and oncology care reported significantly better quality of life and lower levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
A new study reveals that early doctors and scholars exaggerated historical plague outbreaks, transforming them into a massive event with catastrophic consequences. This fictional narrative has distorted our expectations of pandemics today.
A new toolkit aims to harmonize data collection of blood clotting events associated with COVID-19, enabling better comparison of findings across trials. The toolkit provides a customizable set of variables to collect high-quality data on thrombosis-related endpoints, standardizing definitions and measurement tools.
Researchers at Texas A&M University are developing an advanced evaluation system that can interpret reservoir conditions in real-time using physics-enhanced machine-learning algorithms. This system will enable oil and gas operators to make data-driven decisions quickly, maximizing production in areas with positive responses to fracturi...
Children who undergo cataract surgery as infants have a 22% risk of developing glaucoma by age 10. Lifelong monitoring is crucial to preventing vision loss due to increased eye pressure and optic nerve damage.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have successfully grown human organs in pigs using stem cells, a breakthrough that could revolutionize organ transplantation and provide new therapeutic options for patients. This achievement marks a significant step towards solving the global organ shortage crisis.
Researchers identified MAARS, a lncRNA expressed specifically in macrophages of atherosclerotic plaques, contributing to disease progression. Targeted interruption of MAARS's function reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation by 52%.
A unique brain pattern that shifts tryptophan metabolism from serotonin production to neurotoxicity has been identified in individuals with major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. This finding holds promise for developing new diagnostic tests and targeted treatments for these conditions.
A new study from Duke University finds that an intensive childhood intervention program called Fast Track can help prevent deaths from suicide, drug overdoses, and alcohol-related liver disease. The program reduced rates of suicidal ideation, hazardous drinking, and opioid use in young adults.
A new study from Keck Medicine of USC shows that men over 50 who undergo a vasectomy reversal achieve the same rate of pregnancy as those under 50. The study analyzed data from 3,000 men and found that age was not a factor in success rates.
New research reveals that people with HIV are more likely to experience cardiovascular disease, with impaired blood vessel function playing a significant role. The study also found that kidney function had a stronger connection to blood vessel health in those with HIV.
Researchers have proposed a new approach using neural networks and omics data to predict Z-DNA regions in the human genome. DeepZ, a recurrent neural network, achieved higher accuracy than existing algorithms, allowing for the mapping of potential Z-DNA sites across the entire genome.
A UBCO research team has developed advanced ice sensors that can detect frost and ice build-up in real-time, enabling improved safety and efficiency in aviation and renewable energy applications. The patented sensor is being tested by the aviation industry for approval and also being adapted for use in wind farms.
A team of researchers at the University of Tokyo has developed a method to recharge sterilized N95 masks by exposing them to high-voltage electricity, regaining their static charge and filtering ability. This innovative technique could help meet the huge demand for protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cells use ribosomes as sensors to alert them about changes in their environment, triggering quality control responses to resolve collisions. When many ribosomes collide, cells shut down the entire translation system to prevent premature activation of the integrated stress response.
A new machine learning algorithm has classified over 2,300 supernovae with an accuracy rate of 82%, using real data from the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey. The classifier was trained on a subset of supernovae with spectra and then applied to the remaining data, achieving high accuracy rates.
Researchers at Chalmers University successfully execute QAOA algorithm on 2-qubit quantum computer to solve aircraft route assignment problem, demonstrating potential for practical applications. The algorithm's scalability suggests it could handle larger problems, paving the way for a useful quantum computer.
Researchers found that fibrous proteins form a solid layer on water's surface, interfering with fluid property measurements. This finding has the potential to improve bioprinting results by identifying optimal protein solution concentrations and operating parameters.
Researchers have developed a machine learning model that predicts the hardness of new materials based on their chemical composition, finding over 10 promising borocarbide phases. The model's accuracy surpasses classical methods, enabling scientists to more efficiently discover suitable compounds for various applications.
A comprehensive study of over 250,000 women found oral contraceptives significantly reduce the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer, with benefits persisting even years after use ends. The findings contradict previous associations with increased breast cancer risk.
The University of Ottawa has earned 10 Canada Research Chairs covering various subjects, including stress impacts on brain functions, Indigenous traditional cultural memories, and emerging computing technologies. The chairs will support innovative research approaches to advance knowledge and solve global challenges.
A new study in the Journal of Dairy Science found that heifers trained on a phantom before introducing an automated milking system visited the actual system more frequently, increasing milk yield. The training program reduced the need for human assistance during milking and prepared animals well for early lactation.
A study by Flinders University has tracked the movements of 13 pygmy blue whales along Southern Australia's foraging grounds and migratory routes. The research provided new insights into the ecological data, highlighting the importance of upwelling centers in mitigating human activities' impacts on the species.
Research from the Alfred Wegener Institute reveals that Antarctic minke whales prefer to live in regions covered with sea ice, while humpback whales avoid them. The findings provide essential information for successful marine protection in the Antarctic and highlight the importance of long-term acoustic observations.
A University of Missouri researcher has found a way to increase triacylglycerol production in plant leaves using CRISPR gene editing, which could lead to greater and cheaper vegetable oil production. This breakthrough technique enables the harvesting of oil from large, leafy plants with multiple uses, such as sorghum.
A new study uses mobile air quality sensors on light rail trains to monitor greenhouse gas emissions in the Salt Lake Valley. The system provides a highly cost-effective way to cover larger areas and fill gaps in emissions estimates, with results comparable to stationary sensors.
A new study finds that crops grown near Chernobyl's exclusion zone continue to be contaminated with radioactive isotopes, including strontium 90 and caesium 137. The contamination poses significant health risks to humans and the environment, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and remediation efforts.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital found a 10% drop in MMR vaccine uptake among children aged 16 months. The study highlights the need for preventive care visits during the pandemic, despite safety concerns.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a system to analyze real-time visual data from millions of network cameras, providing insights into consumer behavior, economic impacts and misinformation in news media. The technology may help reduce false information and validate facts, enabling safer journalism.
Research studies have detected microplastics in drinking water globally, particularly in California and New York. These findings highlight the urgent need for standardization of methods to analyze microplastics and implementation of regulations to mitigate their impact on human health.
Researchers at KIT have developed new production technology to manufacture fuel cells for heavy goods vehicles, which can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 30% by 2030. The technology aims to accelerate production and reduce costs, making fuel cell energy a viable option for commercial vehicles.
Research reveals Greenland outlet glaciers are halted by knickpoints, stabilizing areas that prevent coastal thinning from reaching inland. However, vulnerable northwest Greenland glaciers could contribute to sea level rise in the next 100 years due to flat bedrock.
Researchers have identified and measured lithium in white dwarfs for the first time, providing clues to tracking the element's galactic evolution. The discovery sheds light on the cosmological lithium problem, a discrepancy between predicted and actual lithium levels in sun-like stars.
Studies found that DNA leakage from cell nuclei triggers an immune response in cancer cells, making them more susceptible to immunotherapy. Delivering radiation before immunotherapy may be an effective way to fight challenging-to-treat cancers.
Researchers used combined signals from binary neutron star mergers to study ultra-dense matter and constrain the Hubble constant. The analysis, led by Tim Dietrich, provided new insights into neutron star equation of state and expansion rate of the Universe.