Researchers found that Weddell seal moms limit their own diving and underwater foraging capabilities to provide iron to their pups during lactation. This sacrificial behavior may make the seals more vulnerable to climate regime shifts that could decouple the seasonal pulse of productivity in the Antarctic environment.
Researchers found that Gursky's spectral tarsier duets exhibit acoustic trade-offs in note rate and bandwidth, suggesting a relationship between physical fitness and vocal complexity. The study suggests that only physically fit individuals can easily produce broadband notes fast.
Researchers developed a non-invasive ocular imaging method to detect flavoprotein fluorescence in the eye, indicating mitochondrial oxidative stress. This technique may predict glaucoma progression earlier than current methods, with similar sensitivity to visual field changes.
Researchers found that daily consumption of small portions of Jarlsberg cheese increased osteocalcin, a hormone associated with strong bones and teeth, without boosting harmful cholesterol levels. The effects were specific to Jarlsberg and not seen in other cheeses.
SourceBMJ Group·JournalBMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateAug 2, 2022
A new study found that gout patients who suffered from a heart attack or stroke were twice as likely to have had a gout flare in the 60 days prior to the event. Gout flares are also associated with a transient increase in cardiovascular events, particularly among those with pre-existing heart disease.
A voluntary Long COVID patient registry could support long-term monitoring and service improvements, according to a new report by the Bevan Commission. The registry would involve patients and healthcare professionals in its design and promote equity of access through self-referral options.
A new study from the University of Georgia found that counties with moderate-to-high wildfire risk are more likely to have higher poverty rates. The researchers identified 14 states in the lower 48 with the highest wildfire risk, including Arizona, California, and Texas.
Scientists at IRB Barcelona develop a new approach to pinpointing the genes driving clonal hematopoiesis, a biological process linked to ageing and increased risk of blood malignancies. By adapting cancer genomics tools, researchers aim to improve early detection and monitoring of this condition.
The new tuberculosis vaccine candidate VPM1002 shows its safety and efficacy in a study of HIV-exposed and non-HIV-exposed newborns. The vaccine has fewer side effects compared to the existing BCG vaccine, and elicits a similar immune response.
Children with rare genetic disorders are more likely to be diagnosed with developmental, behavioural and mental health problems. A study of 2,800 young people found that those with intellectual disabilities were almost 30 times as likely to be autistic and over 13 times more likely to have ADHD.
Researchers found that visceral artery pseudoaneurysms in necrotizing pancreatitis are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The study also highlighted the importance of early detection and treatment, as delayed diagnosis can lead to increased complications and mortality.
A recent study by McGill University researchers found that birds with higher numbers of neurons in the pallium, a brain region involved in memory and learning, are also more innovative. Longer development times in the nest may play a crucial role in the evolution of intelligence.
Researchers at University of Bristol developed mathematical models to assess biomarkers for detecting glioblastomas, a type of brain cancer. The study found that lowering the current biomarker threshold could lead to earlier detection using blood tests.
The Slender Pitcher Plant's springboard trapping mechanism is powered by extrinsically sourced energy from falling raindrops. The unique geometry of the plant's tubular pitcher wall and hanging lid maximizes impact energy transmission into downward movement.
The Le Bonheur Children's Heart Institute team will discuss the management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants at the 2022 PDA Symposium. The symposium aims to develop guidelines for managing PDA, with a focus on transcatheter closure in extremely low birth weight infants.
A new study concludes that net zero carbon emissions in the concrete industry need both supply-side and demand-side strategies. Changes in purchasing habits and infrastructure design can reduce concrete consumption, promoting recycling, reuse, and material efficiency.
Cannabis cells use a 'supercell' biofactory to create an efficient pipeline from raw materials to end products. The study reveals subcellular 'shipping routes' for THC and CBD production, enabling new paradigm for cannabinoid synthesis.
Adult and pediatric mechanical ventilators increased substantially at US acute care hospitals between 2020 and 2019 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found a substantial increase in adult and pediatric mechanical ventilators reported by acute care hospitals in the U.S.
Researchers found that microscopic blood vessel disease in the brain's white matter is associated with worse cognitive function and memory deficits in individuals with Alzheimer's. Lifestyle changes such as reducing hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and inactivity may help prevent or slow disease progression.
A large-scale study led by the University of Leicester found that people with a strong sense of fairness cheat less, regardless of winning or losing. The researchers examined the behavior of over 500 participants in lab-based games and discovered that only those with low 'inequality aversion' were more likely to cheat.
A study from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered a new list of friendly proteins generated by the human thymus that protects healthy tissue from T cell attacks. This finding may lead to improved treatments for autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and diabetes.
Researchers used marine monitor radar system to track vessel activity near California's marine protected areas. The study found that 40% more boat activity occurred in the vicinity of MPAs compared to surrounding areas, suggesting fishers are aware of MPA boundaries and cluster just outside them for better fishing opportunities.
A new USC analysis found that the largest Medicare Advantage plans pay 27% more for outpatient dialysis treatment compared to traditional Medicare. This significant markup is attributed to the consolidation of the dialysis industry, with two large chains supplying over three-quarters of all dialysis services in the US.
Researchers at MIT have developed a machine-learning system that uses computer vision to monitor the 3D printing process and correct errors in real-time. The system successfully printed objects more accurately than other 3D printing controllers, enabling engineers to incorporate novel materials into their prints with ease.
The levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in environmental media have dramatically decreased over the last 20 years due to new insights into their toxicity. However, due to the global spread of PFAS, environmental media everywhere will now exceed guidelines designed to protect human health.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a novel additive that significantly strengthens cement paste, increasing its strength by up to 40% while delaying set time. This innovation could lead to reduced seafood waste and lower carbon emissions from concrete production.
A statistical analysis of 200 years of data across all continents reveals that between 25-50% of men outlive women, particularly in developed countries. The study highlights the impact of education, marital status, and external factors on sex differences in lifespan.
Researchers found that electrocution treatments can eliminate up to 97% of late-season, herbicide-resistant waterhemp plants. The treatments also reduced weed seed viability by 54-80%, with some studies showing yield losses of 11-26%.
Binge drinking and heavy alcohol consumption increased significantly among pregnant women between 2011 and 2020. The average annual percentage change for these behaviors was greater among pregnant women compared to nonpregnant women.
Researchers discovered a genetic switch in group B streptococcus that helps it resist metal stress, including zinc and copper. This 'cross-talk' mechanism allows the bacterium to survive in the human body's immune system.
A new study from the University of Illinois found that dog gut bacteria can change rapidly after introducing a new diet, with microbial turnover occurring in under a week. The research also confirmed previous findings on the health benefits of high-fiber diets over high-fat and high-protein diets.
Researchers developed a facile method to transform floc sludge into porous carbon matrix composites for use as an electrode material in high-performance supercapacitors. The treatment process improved conductivity, mass transfer efficiency, and electrochemical performance.
A multisite clinical trial will deliver behavioral interventions to over 1,000 adults aged 50 and older with excess weight and cardiometabolic risk factors. The adaptive treatment model tests an evidence-based video program against a program with problem-solving therapy delivered via videoconferencing.
A new study from Edith Cowan University found that acupuncture therapy significantly improved fasting plasma glucose, two-hour plasma glucose, and glycated haemoglobin levels in people with prediabetes. The therapy also showed a greater decline in the incidence of prediabetes without adverse reactions.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore have developed a series of chemical-based compounds that could be potential drug candidates for treating pulmonary tuberculosis. The compounds were licensed by US-based Neuro-Horizon Pharma LLC for commercialization.
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine publishes a first-hand account of daily nuclear medicine practice in Kyiv, Ukraine, where physicians face constant bombing and shelling. Despite the challenges, Dr. Kmetyuk expresses gratitude for international support and hope for the future of Ukrainian medical professionals.
A field study on a periglacial alluvial fan in Canada reveals moderate flow events can entrain significant sediment, challenging Martian fan interpretation. Meanwhile, researchers decipher the genesis of Xikuangshan, China's largest Sb deposit, through He-Ar isotope and C-O-Sr-Nd isotopes analysis.
Researchers propose a new learning method for individuals with autism, utilizing 'memory flashes' to accelerate learning and improve visual perception capabilities. The study showed significant improvement in both learning speed and generalization of skills, even under new conditions.
Scientists at University Hospital Bonn compared PELDOR and FRET spectroscopy methods to measure distances in protein molecules. While most results were comparable, inconsistencies were found in two cases, highlighting the importance of re-measurement with another nano ruler.
The study found that attempts to quit smoking declined significantly among certain groups, including Black people, those with comorbidities, and lower educated individuals. The data showed a decline in NRT product sales, indicating reduced quitting efforts.
A super-Earth planet, Ross 508 b, has been discovered near the habitable zone of a red dwarf star 37 light-years from Earth. The planet's orbit is elliptical, potentially placing it in the habitable zone for part of its orbit.
The new approach uses a single gantry to print individual or multiple parts simultaneously, increasing printing resolution and size while significantly decreasing printing time. MF3's software optimizes the gantry arm's movement and determines when nozzles should be turned on and off for highest efficiency.
A study of 2,700 children in the Netherlands found a possible association between maternal smoking and suboptimal brain development among offspring. The research suggests that tobacco use during pregnancy may impact preadolescent brain development.
A study analyzed 10 years of cable TV news and found that networks like Fox and MSNBC have shifted further to the right and left, respectively. The ideological gap between channels became extreme after the 2016 Presidential election, particularly in primetime programming.
Researchers found substantial iron deposits in motor circuits of the brain in individuals with high genetic risk for hereditary hemochromatosis, increasing risk for Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. Males were more affected than females due to natural processes.
The National Institutes of Health has updated its Strategic Plan to Cure Hepatitis B, focusing on developing a cure and improving vaccination, screening, and follow-up care strategies. The revised plan aligns with the Department of Health and Human Services' Viral Hepatitis National Strategic Plan.
A new study found that the global forest area per capita has declined by over 60% from 1960 to 2019, due to 81.7 million hectares of loss. This decline threatens biodiversity and affects the lives of 1.6 billion people worldwide.
A researcher studied the 'black box' phenomenon in breast cancer survivorship care, revealing communication gaps between women and their providers. She found that black boxing can hide service access complexities, emphasizing the need for improved information pathways to address post-treatment needs.
Scientists discovered that ancient eelgrass migration and Pleistocene ice ages left lasting signatures in their DNA, impacting size, structure, and community composition. Genetic legacy played a stronger role than the present-day environment in determining these traits.
SourceSmithsonian·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 1, 2022
A survey of Texas coaches and athletic officials revealed that many are aware of the risks of outdoor workouts during extreme heat, but some don
The Women's Preventive Services Initiative issues guidelines for preventing obesity in midlife women, recommending counseling on healthy eating and physical activity. The guideline aims to mitigate concerns about weight stigma by normalizing counseling among all midlife women, regardless of BMI status.
A Mayo Clinic study found that diets rich in calcium and potassium can help prevent recurrent symptomatic kidney stones. Patients who experienced a first-time stone were more likely to experience recurrence if their diet was low in these nutrients.
A new study reveals racial and gender disparities in access to life-saving heart-assisting implants, with Black patients and women facing lower rates of surgery. Despite similar survival rates, the findings suggest that unconscious bias may be influencing healthcare provider decisions.
Calorie labeling in supermarkets leads to small to moderate decreases in calories purchased, potentially translating to population-level health benefits. The study found declines seven months after labeling implementation, affecting prepared bakery and deli items.
A new study published in Journal of Experimental Psychology: General found that using digital devices as external memory can improve memory skills. Participants who used digital devices to store information showed improved memory for both saved and unsaved information, with a notable increase in recall of less important details.
A new CABI-led study identifies key institutional and policy barriers to the adoption of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Africa. Despite its potential for economic and environmental benefits, IPM's uptake is patchy due to regional and national agricultural policies prioritizing production over sustainability.
SourceCABI·JournalCurrent Opinion in Insect Science·TypeLiterature review·DateAug 1, 2022
A new study found that higher red meat consumption is linked to a 22% increased risk of cardiovascular disease in older adults, with gut bacterial metabolites like TMAO playing a key role. The study also suggests that traditional ASCVD risk pathways like blood cholesterol and blood pressure may be less important than previously thought.
A new study found that people taking beta-blockers or antiplatelet medications are more likely to have heart attacks during hot weather. The study, which analyzed data from 2,494 cases in Germany, suggests that these medications may render some individuals more vulnerable to heat-related heart attacks.
Researchers uncover the 'cortex' gene responsible for leaf mimicry in Kallima butterflies, revealing a complex interplay between genetics and environmental pressures. The study provides insights into the evolution of this remarkable adaptation and its potential applications in understanding biodiversity.
Researchers from GIST have developed an amphibious artificial vision system with a panoramic field-of-view based on the Fiddler crab's eye structure. The system overcomes limitations of current artificial visions, enabling imaging in both aquatic and terrestrial environments.