A recent study found that children living in areas with tree cover had better early childhood development than those in areas with grass or paved surfaces. The research also showed that tree-filled spaces mitigate air pollution, noise, and heat better than more open green spaces.
A research team from City University of Hong Kong and Imperial College London developed a new strategy for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells using ferrocene molecules. The breakthrough invention can achieve efficiency of up to 25% while maintaining stability, making it a promising alternative to silicon solar cells.
Researchers found that physicians working in physician-owned practices were significantly more satisfied with their EHRs, citing staff support for documentation and appropriate time spent on documentation. These differences partially explained the disparity in EHR satisfaction between solo and non-solo practices.
A study by the Diverfarming project found that long-term compost application improved soil bacterial community complexity and communication, increasing nitrogen fixing potential and reducing emissions. This highlights the importance of using compost in sustainable agriculture, which can reduce fertilizer and pesticide use and create mo...
A study published in the American Journal of Cardiology found that measuring intramuscular fat in thigh muscles can predict cardiovascular health outcomes in heart failure patients. Patients with lower intramuscular fat had higher grip strength and were less likely to be hospitalized.
A major new study reveals that family background in UK children still significantly impacts their educational achievements at primary school level, just like nearly a century ago. The achievement gap between children from impoverished and privileged backgrounds remains stagnant, accounting for half a grade difference.
Researchers found that NSAID use negates the bone-protective effects of bisphosphonate clodronate on preventing osteoporotic fractures. The study suggests caution in extrapolating these data to more widely used bisphosphonates, as concomitant usage may lead to reduced fracture risk.
Researchers found a simulated annual downward trend in surface PM10 concentrations in Senegal and Cabo Verde after the 1980s. However, there was an increase in dust over the Western Sahara transported to Cabo Verde, suggesting Eastern Atlantic dust continued on toward the U.S. and Caribbean.
Researchers at Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have developed a method to make bricks out of Martian soil using bacteria and urea. These 'space bricks' can be used for building-like structures on Mars, reducing porosity and increasing strength. The team plans to study the effect of Mars' atmosphere and low gravity on the bricks.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully cultivated human muscle stem cells capable of renewing themselves and repairing muscle tissue damage in mice. The self-renewing stem cells were created by reprogramming laboratory-grown human skin cells, which then differentiated into specific cell types using a nutrient-rich broth.
Researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine defined 11 subsets of cells found in esophageal tissue using single cell gene-expression profiling. This study could help clinicians diagnose or treat certain types of cancer by identifying functional cell types contributing to cancer progression.
A new study finds that people with faster accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors have an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease dementia or vascular dementia compared to those with stable risk factors. Researchers suggest earlier interventions could be effective in preventing further memory decline.
Researchers at Einstein Aging Study are investigating how social forces contribute to inequalities in cognitive health, particularly among Black and Hispanic Americans. The new grant will enable the tracking of over 700 Bronx adults with mobile technology to measure cognition directly as they engage in everyday activities.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin have discovered a novel mechanism that restricts cell division in healthy stomach tissue, protecting against cancerous changes. However, Helicobacter pylori infection deactivates this mechanism, enabling cells to grow uncontrollably and increasing the risk of stomach cancer.
The UK National Osteoporosis Guideline Group has published a new guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, which includes updated recommendations for vertebral fracture detection and anabolic treatment options. The guidance aims to improve service provision in both primary and secondary care settings.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that mice with different gut microbiomes choose different diets, influenced by substances produced by microbes. The researchers suggest that certain molecules, such as tryptophan, may be hijacking the body's natural signals to promote specific food cravings.
A Northwestern University astrophysics team proposes that fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) originate from the cocoons of jets launched by dying stars. The new model, fully consistent with all FBOT observations, suggests that as the jet pushes the cocoon outward, it cools and releases heat, emitting an observed FBOT emission.
A large-scale study found a link between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations and an increased risk of myocarditis, particularly among younger individuals. The study, published in JAMA Cardiology, analyzed data from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden.
A randomized trial found that an internet-delivered CBT-I program tailored for Black women resulted in significant improvements in insomnia symptoms and sustained gains at 6 months. Compared to a standard program, the culturally-tailored version improved engagement with treatment and led to better sleep outcomes.
A study led by MUSC researchers found that inhibiting the complement system with CR2Crry can prevent long-term brain damage and improve outcomes in premature infants with germinal matrix hemorrhage. The treatment has shown improved survival, weight gain, reduced brain injury, and enhanced motor and cognitive performances.
Portable MRI machines detected ischemic strokes with 90% accuracy, enabling quick treatment decisions in remote locations. This technology helps clinicians differentiate between clotting and bleeding strokes, making critical treatment choices in time-sensitive situations.
A Scripps Oceanography-led study predicts that climate change is making surface ocean currents faster and thinner, affecting global nutrient transport and carbon removal. This change can have a ripple effect on the ocean's ability to remove heat from the atmosphere.
Researchers analyzed engraved stones in France, finding patterns of heat damage suggesting they were carved near a fire. The study recreated the stones under firelight conditions, revealing a new understanding of prehistoric art creation.
A study of 619 participants found that reducing smartphone use by one hour daily or complete abstinence for a week led to positive effects on physical activity, life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression. These benefits lasted longer in the reduced-use group, suggesting an optimal daily usage time may exist.
A new study has found that pterosaurs could change the color of their feathers using melanin pigments. The research is based on a 115-million-year-old fossilized headcrest of the Tupandactylus imperator pterosaur from north-eastern Brazil.
A new study reveals a gene called KLF4 that normally suppresses tumor formation but is reprogrammed in acute promyelocytic leukemia, an aggressive type of blood cancer. Overexpressing KLF4 can suppress the growth of cancerous cells and reverse the effects of the disease.
A recent study found that extra copies of the 3p25.3 region of DNA can lead to chemotherapy resistance in germ cell cancer. The research suggests this abnormality may be a key factor in predicting patient outcomes and could help identify those at high risk, allowing for alternative treatment options
A synthetic peptide has been shown to block the communication and virulence of resistant Staphylococcus bacteria in an animal model. The peptide, encapsulated in biodegradable microparticles, effectively inhibited skin wound infections.
SourceWiley·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 20, 2022
Researchers at Sloan Kettering Institute have identified a new potential 'soldier' for cancer immunotherapy, killer innate-like T cells. These cells recognize unmutated antigens and can penetrate deeper into tissues where cancer is hiding, making them attractive as a target for immunotherapy.
Researchers have developed a novel method called 'dative epitaxy' for growing thin layers of crystals made from different materials on top of each other. This technique allows for the formation of special chemical bonds to fix crystal orientation, overcoming limitations of conventional and van der Waals epitaxial techniques.
A new study from the University of Portsmouth reveals that only Arsenal among the Premier League's top six clubs has strong financial resilience to external economic shocks. The research found that Arsenal can withstand significant economic fluctuations, while other 'Big Six' clubs are more vulnerable.
A recent study found that four Alpine bird species will undergo a range contraction towards higher elevations in response to climate change. The analysis predicted that ~15,000 km² of areas will remain suitable for at least three species in the future, with 44% currently designated as protected areas.
A recent study published in PLOS One suggests that humans arrived in the Americas by at least 14,200 years ago in Beringia and approximately 13,000 years ago in temperate latitudes. The researchers' findings are based on an analysis of buried archaeological deposits using a new statistic called the Apparent Stratigraphic Integrity Index.
Adults exposed to chronic parental domestic violence have higher rates of depression, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse, but many thrive despite their early adversity. Social support plays a crucial role in maintaining good mental health.
A new study by University College London (UCL) researchers found that climate change and intensive agricultural land use have already led to a 49% reduction in insect populations in the most impacted parts of the world. Insect declines are linked to rising temperatures and land use changes, with tropical areas seeing the biggest declines.
Exposure to certain air pollutants is associated with a greater likelihood of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. The study found a significant link between traffic-related pollutants and COVID-19 infection risk, suggesting that improving air quality may have public health benefits.
A new UCLA-led technology uses microscopic nanovials to sort single live cells based on their type, compound secretion, and amount. This innovation could advance basic biological research and improve the efficiency of biologic treatments.
Researchers discovered that glutamate binds to specific patterns on its receptors, overturning the prevailing view of simple stepwise transitions. This finding may aid the development of more effective treatments with fewer side effects for conditions like depression, dementia, and epilepsy.
A team of astronomers has discovered micronovae, extremely powerful events that occur on the surface of white dwarfs and can burn through billions of kilograms of material in a few hours. These new stellar explosions challenge our understanding of thermonuclear reactions in stars and may be more abundant than previously thought.
A new study found a clear link between brisk walking and longer telomere length, indicating slower biological aging. Researchers estimate that a lifetime of brisk walking could lead to the equivalent of 16 years younger biological age by midlife.
Researchers discovered that lipid droplets play a crucial role in mitochondrial recycling, and impairing DGAT1 activity leads to reduced recycling and increased cell stress. The study provides new insights into iron homeostasis and its impact on cellular metabolism.
A University of Gothenburg study found that a single visit to a health coach can deteriorate perceived health in 50-year-olds. After one hour-long session, participants reported worse changes in overall wellbeing, physical and mental health compared to those who received no treatment.
A University of Oklahoma research team is exploring ethical AI methods specifically in environmental sciences. They aim to develop trustworthy AI tools to help mitigate weather and climate disasters. The team's work seeks to address biased AI algorithms that favor areas with higher populations.
Researchers will investigate the radiation resistance of wide bandgap semiconductors to develop devices for environments with significant radiation. The team aims to understand defects and their impact on device performance to achieve optimum radiation hardness.
A 31-year-old woman, a healthcare worker, tested positive for the Omicron strain of SARS-CoV-2 just 20 days after having a Delta infection. The 20-day gap between infections is the shortest known. Fully vaccinated and boosted, she developed symptoms without immunity.
Researchers at Stanford University and University of Mannheim find that integrated reversible power-to-gas systems can provide backup electricity during surging prices, reducing costs and increasing capacity utilization. The technology has the potential to link the electricity and hydrogen markets, making renewable energy more viable.
A study of 447 former college football players found an association between playing football and increased rates of cognitive and neurological disorders, as well as higher mortality rates. The findings suggest that football players may face unique health challenges beyond their playing careers.
A new study found that antidepressant use over two years does not significantly impact physical or mental health-related quality of life in individuals with depression. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological interventions.
A new study found that wolves preferentially target adult moose with osteoarthritis, an age-related disease, over prime-aged adults. This selective predation helps maintain a balance in prey populations, reducing the incidence of diseases such as osteoarthritis.
A new study published in Animal Behaviour found that newborn African savannah elephants can keep up with their mothers' daily movements, contrary to previous assumptions. This remarkable ability allows the calves to benefit from protection against predators and integration into the herd's social structure.
A new study found that females with Long COVID-19 syndrome were more symptomatic than males, experiencing breathing difficulties and fatigue. The study suggests sex-related differences in the pathophysiology of Long COVID-19 symptoms.
Researchers are developing radioconjugate drugs that combine radiation with a tumor-targeting agent to selectively kill cancer cells. Two approved drugs, Lutathera and Pluvicto, demonstrate the potential of this therapy, which could change the future of cancer treatment.
A US study found that almost three-quarters of antibiotics prescribed to patients over 65 are inappropriate, and two-thirds for Black patients. The study also showed that Hispanic/LatinX patients receive over half of their antibiotics inappropriately.
Research reveals that an imbalance in gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, may contribute to the development and progression of Parkinson's disease. Studies found a direct correlation between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's, with certain bacteria contributing to protein aggregation and neuronal damage.
Research published in PLOS ONE reveals women make up approximately a quarter of first authors in The Lancet, JAMA, and NEJM. Despite some progress, no notable improvement was observed between 2002 and 2019, highlighting the persistence of a glass ceiling in academic medicine.
Researchers discovered that light can trigger magnetism in normally nonmagnetic materials by aligning electron spins. This breakthrough could enable the development of quantum bits for quantum computing and other applications.
A study of nearly 6.4 million adults found a significant association between the 2020 US presidential election and acute cardiovascular disease hospitalizations. The research suggests that the stress and anxiety caused by the election may have triggered increased hospitalizations for cardiovascular conditions.
A recent study published in Science found that urbanization drives the evolution of white clover in cities worldwide. The researchers collected over 100,000 plants from 160 cities and discovered that plants producing less cyanate were more common in urban areas compared to non-urban areas.
A systematic review of 39 studies found that personality traits and social norms are important determinants of the gender pay gap. The analysis suggests that these factors can explain a significant portion of the gap, but further research is needed to fully understand their contributions.
SourceWiley·JournalJournal of Economic Surveys·TypeSystematic review·DateApr 20, 2022
A study at the University of Helsinki found that in utero exposure to mother's antiepileptic or antidepressant medication can lead to widespread changes in cortical networks, affecting local and global brain function. This may have implications for infants' neuropsychological development and future research on environmental factors.