Researchers found that materials surrounding fusion reactions can increase the frequency of fusion, particularly at low energies. The study opens a new field of 'materials-driven fusion' and could lead to more compact and efficient neutron generators with various applications.
The system addresses limitations of high numerical aperture objectives by combining a learned titanium dioxide meta-optic with a neural reconstruction network. This co-designed computational microscopy system improves imaging depth and resolves structures throughout thick biological specimens in a single shot.
A FRIB-led collaboration, including Michigan State University, has received a Genesis Mission Phase I award from the U.S. Department of Energy to develop artificial intelligence tools for heavy-ion accelerators and isotope separators. The project aims to transform how these systems are operated using physics-informed digital twins.
Researchers developed an artery-on-a-chip platform to predict ischemic stroke risk by replicating a patient's specific vascular structure and blood flow dynamics. The tool, called a 'physical twin,' reveals that three-dimensional vascular shape and local flow disturbances matter more than simple narrowing in predicting stroke risk.
Physicists have devised an innovative way to deduce the details of hidden particles at high energies by analyzing effective field theory coefficients. This approach provides a potential pathway for discovering new laws of physics and overcomes limitations of experimental research.
Researchers identified PPARs as a potential therapeutic target for primary biliary cholangitis, a rare autoimmune liver disease. Activation of PPARs reduces inflammation and promotes bile acid balance, slowing fibrosis progression.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that parents' socioeconomic status has a greater impact on their child's health than prenatal behaviors such as smoking or alcohol consumption. The study analyzed data from over 230,000 participants and found associations between socioeconomic position and 72 different child health outcomes.
Deep-diving insect larvae have developed sturdy air sacs that control their buoyancy, defying the idea of oceanic insect extinction. Their unique respiratory system uses resilin to adjust air sac volume and pH, allowing them to thrive in extreme depths.
Researchers used AI and single-cell technology to study the 3D genome in brain cells from individuals with Alzheimer's disease. They found increased compartment mingling, reduced gene activity, and altered brain cell organization. The study identifies 3D genome organization as a key layer of Alzheimer's biology.
Researchers created the first 3D nanoscale maps of human airway epithelium using advanced microscopy techniques. The detailed digital representations provide an unprecedented view of cellular organization and specialization.
Researchers found that individuals with higher modifiable risk factors, such as high blood pressure and obesity, have more widespread plaque buildup and unstable plaques prone to rupture. The study's findings highlight the importance of early intervention to control these risk factors and prevent future events.
A new study reveals human impacts have fundamentally reshaped biodiversity patterns on islands worldwide. Island endemic species account for 75% of recorded anthropogenic extinctions, while many have received introduced species that now outnumber native flora and fauna.
A Rice University research team created prostate cancer cells that can survive high-force moments in the body, a process known as mechanoresistance. The study found that a gene called CALB2 plays a key role in this ability, with increased expression linked to metastatic cancer.
Scientists have focused on a specific frequency range, known as the 'water hole,' to search for alien signals. A new study suggests that high-frequency radio telescopes could play an important role in future SETI programs and may provide an alternative avenue for detecting technological signals.
A large-scale study found that disrupted sleep and anxiety persisted after the pandemic, contributing to fatigue in people with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Experts recommend routine assessment of sleep for post-pandemic fatigue and stress prevention.
A team of researchers at Ohio State University has identified a noncoding RNA that binds to ATP, which could lead to the development of new therapeutic nanomaterials. The discovery builds on previous work and follows up with an investigation into the mechanism of how this RNA binds to ATP.
A novel Ga-assisted epitaxial strategy enhances the interfacial thermal conductance of β-Ga2O3 on diamond, resulting in improved heat dissipation. The interface's ultra-high fracture strength and phonon bridge mechanism contribute to this breakthrough.
Researchers created the most detailed map of gene regulation in human heart failure, revealing how genes are controlled in specific cell types. The study identified key shifts in cell composition, gene expression, and regulatory networks, pointing to new precision medicine therapies.
Researchers at Salk Institute create a body-wide single-cell atlas of two major epigenetic systems, revealing that cell-type-specific epigenetic features can affect disease risk. The study identifies over 1.36 million differentially methylated regions and 283,606 differential chromatin loops across the human body's cell types.
iFuture, a new academic journal, debuts at WAIC 2026, focusing on foundational AI theories and cutting-edge interdisciplinary research. The journal's supporting platform Oscholar uses AI to support scholarly communication and collaboration, aiming to become a globally recognized high-impact platform for scholarly innovation.
Researchers found that a single dose of rapamycin rapidly improved symptoms in adult mice with autism-like changes, reversing abnormal brain signaling and behavior within two hours. The study suggests the adult brain's functional circuitry, not just its physical structure, as a target for future treatment approaches.
Researchers discovered that sperm whales release gas bubbles to regulate their buoyancy while resting in a unique vertical position just below the ocean surface. This behavior allows them to counteract expanding diving gas and achieve near-neutral buoyancy.
A recent national study analyzing over 11,800 adolescents found that substance use increases steadily with age, with 38% reporting use by age 16. The study highlights notable differences between boys and girls, particularly in polysubstance use patterns.
The American College of Lifestyle Medicine's (ACLM) Lifestyle Medicine Residency Curriculum has earned the 2026 AAMSE Profiles of Excellence Award. The curriculum, launched in an effort to address a gap in physician training, integrates lifestyle medicine into routine clinical training and emphasizes behavior change counseling and real...
Aging cells become more susceptible to ferroptosis due to elevated levels of acid ceramidase, a previously targeted therapeutic candidate. This vulnerability can be passed to neighboring cells, impacting overall tissue health. The discovery offers new hope for supporting healthy aging and treating age-related diseases.
Researchers have developed an AI-powered framework that combines multiple AI technologies with automated experiments to accelerate the discovery of advanced energy materials. The '4th+ paradigm' approach enables near-atomic-level accuracy in predicting material properties and rapidly analyzing experimental data.
Revolver Therapeutics, a spin-out company from the University of Bath, has won the Health category of the Royal Society of Chemistry's Emerging Technologies Competition with its proprietary discovery platform. The platform generates and tests millions of constrained peptide drug candidates directly inside living cells, selecting for mo...
New research reveals that tiny fly larvae have evolved specialized air sacs that allow them to survive in deep freshwater environments without collapsing under pressure. These adaptations enable precise movement and breathing through their skin, contradicting long-held assumptions about insect physiology.
Researchers have identified a new strategy to prevent T cell exhaustion and boost immunotherapy by blocking MEK signaling. This approach has shown promise in lab models, enabling T cells to persist under harsh tumor conditions. However, the effectiveness of this treatment may vary among patients due to the complexity of T cell exhaustion.
A new bio-based conductive hydrogel platform is presented to preserve biomembrane activity and enable sensitive detection of organophosphate pesticides. The developed biosensor demonstrated stable operation, retaining 85.8% of its original electrochemical response after seven days.
Researchers at NUS CDE developed compact memristive radio-frequency switches that can be integrated onto gallium nitride microchips. The switches retain their settings without continuous power, reducing chip size and power use.
Researchers at the University of Washington School of Medicine discovered that environmental bacteria can acquire and transfer antibiotic resistance genes to disease-causing bacteria in human lungs. This mechanism, previously unknown, could lead to rapid development of extreme antibiotic resistance. The study highlights the potential f...
A new study published in Nutrition Reviews identified popular menu items high in sodium and sugar, providing a starting point for creating healthier menus. School officials can use these findings to develop recipes that adhere to updated guidelines while still serving students' favorite foods.
Gert Aarts, a renowned physicist, has been awarded 1.58 million euros in funding from the Wübben Foundation Science to establish an Advanced Professorship at Bielefeld University. He will focus on linking theoretical physics with machine learning and expanding research on strongly interacting matter.
Researchers developed a water-retaining hydrogel electrode that stabilizes insect antennae, enabling odor sensing for up to seven hours. The biohybrid sensor supports disaster response, environmental monitoring, and hazardous chemical detection.
A team developed a platform for on-demand design of synthetic plant immune receptors (SPIRs) that recognize proteins from diverse plant pathogens. SPIRs were designed using AI-assisted tools and optimized using a high-throughput platform, demonstrating effective resistance to certain viruses and bacteria.
A study published by the American Psychological Association suggests that accepting uncertainty in career development can lead to greater meaning in work. Researchers found that individuals with 'career wisdom' were more likely to report a stronger sense of meaning in their work, predicting higher job satisfaction and well-being.
The University of Tennessee has received a $20 million NSF grant to establish ATHENA, a national network of AI-powered laboratories for accelerating scientific discovery. The initiative aims to revolutionize materials discovery by accelerating design, synthesis, characterization and autonomous optimization of advanced materials.
A new form of physical computing has been demonstrated using a few hundred microscopic particles oscillating in a liquid. The system harnesses collective dynamics to perform computations, reducing the need for precise control and increasing efficiency.
Researchers propose a multiple-moon-aided Jovian capture method utilizing solar gravity perturbation (SGP) to reduce velocity increments. The study uses four dynamic models and computes datasets to analyze the mechanism of SGP, revealing its influence on perijove radius change.
The study reveals how the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) hijacks host ribosomes and translational factors to translate viral genes while blocking host gene translation. Targeting this mechanism could lead to new treatments for EMCV and similar viruses like poliovirus.
Researchers have developed a mathematical model that predicts relationship outcomes by accounting for forgetting rates, attraction levels, and reaction patterns. The model identifies three key ingredients determining long-term stability: mutual attraction, emotional erosion, and individual reactions.
This study reveals that off-the-shelf large language models do not exhibit universal risk profiles and can be affected by prompt language, leading to systematic distortions. The findings highlight the need for rigorous empirical calibration before deploying these models in computational social science and choice modeling.
Researchers have discovered three well-preserved silkworm cocoons at an archaeological site in Uzbekistan that push back the earliest verified date for silkworm cultivation outside of China by nearly 2,000 years. The findings suggest that East Asian mulberry sericulture had reached southern Central Asia as early as 4,000 years ago.
The study of Alan Turing's unpublished short story 'Pryce's Buoy' reveals a more nuanced understanding of the computer scientist. The six-page fragment challenges the stereotype of Turing as socially unaware and isolated, instead portraying him as playful, funny, and emotionally expressive.
Researchers have identified transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) as a highly selective surface marker of senescent β-cells in both mice and humans. This discovery provides an important step toward developing targeted senotherapies that could preserve insulin secretion and slow the progression of type 2 diabetes.
A comprehensive, sustained approach to treating tobacco dependence in patients undergoing cancer treatment has been shown to double quit rates compared to referral to a Quitline alone. The study found that 81% of participants who received virtual sustained treatment attended counseling sessions and had higher medication use rates.
The US Naval Research Lab is developing continuous biomanufacturing technologies to produce critical materials more efficiently and sustainably. The approach uses surface-bound microbial cells to generate valuable compounds over extended periods, reducing energy requirements and equipment size.
Researchers have developed an AI-based thickness-optimized acoustic hologram (TOAH) technology that directly optimizes the thickness of a 3D-printed lens to stimulate multiple brain regions. The technology enables precise multi-site brain stimulation using only a single thin lens and ultrasound transducer.
Researchers at Penn State have created a material memory system where two types of memory coexist and compete. At lower intensities, the mixture retains both directional and amplitude memories. However, as intensity increases, one memory weakens and is eventually erased, while the other becomes dominant.
Rice University has received a nearly $20 million NSF award to lead an AI-powered materials laboratory that aims to accelerate the manufacturing of electronic and quantum materials. The project, READINESS, will integrate automated synthesis equipment, robotic systems, and digital twins to minimize trial-and-error experimentation and en...
The journal aims to bridge the gaps in real-world deployment, long-term safety, and systemic equity by establishing a comprehensive research pipeline focused on clinical efficacy, implementation, and safety. Research exploring workflow compatibility, equitable access, user engagement, and economic sustainability of DMHIs is welcome.
A study analyzing over 180 ceramic vessels from southern Brazil reveals differences in diet among Indigenous, African, and European communities. Marine resources were more prevalent among Indigenous and Afro-descendant communities, while German immigrants relied on plant-based products.
Researchers at Nagoya University discovered that complement C3 protein acts inside tumors to prevent immunosuppressive cells, improving cancer immunotherapy effectiveness. Higher levels of C3 in tumor tissue were associated with better treatment outcomes and survival rates in patients.
Researchers discover how tumors hijack the thymus to evade immune surveillance by transporting tumor antigens there. Disrupting a specific chemokine receptor may enhance anti-tumor immunity and improve cancer treatment outcomes.
Research suggests that time zone changes disrupt the synchronization between human biological clocks and gut microbiota, leading to digestive complaints, poorer sleep quality, and reduced energy levels. Gradually adjusting one's biological clock through light exposure and meal timing before departure can help reduce jet lag effects.
A global analysis has found that invasive alien species have a greater impact on biodiversity in the Global South due to weak governance and economic factors. Stronger governance is associated with lower IAS impacts, suggesting improved management can reduce invasion damage.
Twenty NII papers were accepted at ACL 2026, including two that won the Best Theme Paper and Outstanding Paper awards. These achievements lay the groundwork for developing trustworthy AI and advancing research in explainability and transparent AI.
A deep learning model integrating quantitative tongue image features with routine clinical data achieved high accuracy in diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. The model outperformed single-modality and serological models, providing a practical application for non-invasive assessment of the disease.
Researchers estimate that tens of thousands of languages were spoken between 1,000 and 3,000 years ago, with a peak in linguistic diversity around this time. The decline in language diversity began before modern European colonialism, suggesting a complex history of human cultural exchange.