Research reveals birds can harness lactate to rapidly resurrect blood function, outperforming mammals. Lactate enables bird RBCs to convert methaemoglobin back to haemoglobin three times faster than mammalian RBCs.
A study led by the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III has identified a new molecular mechanism involved in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Researchers confirm the effectiveness of mavacamten in treating the condition, regardless of genetic mutation type.
A new training device enables laboratory-inexperienced personnel to perform complex diagnostic tests with high accuracy, expanding access to healthcare globally. The device guides users through sample pooling and provides real-time feedback to reduce errors.
Agent-based simulations suggest that up to 60% of medieval texts and over 95% of manuscripts are at risk of extinction due to limited copies made early in their creation. The model reveals that cultural heritage is fragile and shaped by randomness, historical contingencies, and human choices.
Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University developed biobased poly(ester amide)s with superior mechanical properties, outperforming conventional polymers like polyethylene and polypropylene. These materials are derived from non-edible renewable resources and can be easily chemically recycled.
Research found bumblebees accumulate higher levels of toxic metals in bodies and pollen, affecting foraging efficiency, navigation, and reproductive success. The study highlights the vulnerability of bumblebees to metal pollution, even in relatively safe areas.
Research highlights impact of cannabis cultivation and drying methods on VOCs and human perception, identifying optimal storage conditions to preserve aroma profiles. Human assessors associated monoterpenes with bright notes and sesquiterpene clusters with woody scents.
Researchers at King's College London discovered a molecule linked to chronic inflammation disrupts brain neuron formation, highlighting a pathway with therapeutic potential for conditions like Alzheimer's disease and depression. High cytokine levels trigger an 'immune alert' state, reducing new nerve cell production.
A new study reveals that decoupling in glass-forming liquids originates from high-temperature activation free energies, not dynamic heterogeneity. The researchers observed a universal power-law relationship between two characteristic timescales, which matched the predicted ratio with remarkable accuracy.
A new video game, 'Run FoVE your life,' simulates high-intensity movement dynamics and energetics of cheetah chases, incorporating real movement data from human athletes in chase-tag games. The game aims to further understanding of fatigue and movement decision-making in life-or-death encounters.
The study found a 37% increase in obesity and a two-fold increase in severe obesity among both adults and youth over 20 years. Obesity rates have major implications for cardiovascular disease and mortality, highlighting the need for targeted initiatives to address the rising epidemic.
Philip S. Yu and Osmar R. Zaïane succeed at a pivotal stage of Intelligent Computing's growth as an international open-access journal. The journal publishes innovative research on artificial intelligence, machine learning, and emerging interdisciplinary areas.
Researchers developed EleTac, a soft robotic gripper with high-resolution tactile sensing, to handle delicate objects. The gripper's innovative design enables it to adapt to various shapes and provide gentle forces, making it suitable for applications such as handling fruit, lab samples, and medical supplies.
A new aptamer selection strategy termed extracellular vesicle (EV)-SELEX has been developed to rapidly identify highly specific DNA aptamers targeting G protein-coupled receptors. The EV-SELEX platform exploits a natural cellular process to minimize interference and efficiently select biologically relevant receptor conformations.
The FDA has granted early access to clinical trials for the new medication, allowing HonorHealth Research Institute to offer it to patients with previously treated metastatic pancreatic cancer. The drug has shown significant advancement in targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer, offering a median overall survival of 13.2 months.
Researchers have found that oyster meat extract can effectively reduce TNF-α-induced intestinal inflammation by interrupting NF-kB signalling pathways and decreasing COX-2 enzyme expression. This natural supplement has potential as a sustainable solution for managing chronic inflammatory diseases.
A large Swedish study found that certain bacteria in the gut microbiota can be seen in people who develop type 2 diabetes years later. Fluctuations in metabolism and low fibre intake may also contribute to the risk. The discovery paves the way for early identification of at-risk individuals.
A recent Estonian study reveals that 19.7% of healthy family members of breast and ovarian cancer patients carry variants that elevate their cancer risk, including 34% of men. The findings highlight the importance of genetic testing and counseling for those with a family history of the disease.
A University at Buffalo-led team has developed a method to reliably measure cortical lesions in MS using artificial intelligence. By analyzing existing MRI scans, they found over 11,000 cortical lesions, revealing new insights into the disease's progression and cognitive impairment.
A recent study found that people with a strong connection to place are more likely to take protective actions and heed local officials' recommendations during hurricanes. The study also revealed that maps can be misleading, with participants judging their own risk lower even if their home is located just outside the forecasted flood zone.
A new review reveals adaptor proteins play a crucial role in regulating the behavior of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer. These molecular scaffolds coordinate signaling pathways that determine whether macrophages adopt anti-tumor or pro-tumor phenotypes, influencing immune responses within the tumor microenvironment.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation is investing nearly $1.4 million to support three young physician-scientists with innovative ideas about cancer treatment. The awardees will receive funding and freedom to pursue research in the early stages of their careers, which has led to breakthroughs in immunotherapy and other areas.
The Bronchiectasis and NTM Association leveraged registry data for improved research and clinical practice, benefiting patients with bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacterial disease. The Registry supports collaborative research and planning of multi-center trials, aiming to elevate patient outcomes.
Researchers found bacteria can forcefully eject cells from communities as a survival mechanism, utilizing self-generated hydrogels. This ability allows biofilms to disperse and colonize new areas, potentially aiding in the elimination of harmful bacterial communities without antibiotics.
Researchers have developed a tiny, electrically tunable infrared filter that can distinguish between different materials and gases based on their spectral 'fingerprints'. This technology has the potential to enable handheld pollution detectors, compact multispectral cameras, and next-generation chemical sensing devices.
Researchers at CU Anschutz have developed a promising nonhormonal therapy for women experiencing Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM), which affects the vulva, vagina, and urinary tract. The therapy restores estrogen signaling in vaginal tissue without exposing the rest of the body to estrogen.
Scientists developed a device that controls heat radiation direction and switches this effect on and off, enabling 'heat programming' like microchip data. The new material exhibits different responses depending on light direction, improving efficiency compared to previous devices.
The department has demonstrated outstanding clinical proficiency in robotic-assisted procedures and has been at the forefront of education and technical exchange. It plans to further expand training programs and integrate digital capabilities into clinical practice.
A new study found that clinician support significantly increases patient adoption of virtual reality therapies, leading to better time-based adherence and technology acceptance. The research team evaluated three implementation environments, with provider-led support demonstrating the most favorable usability pattern.
The new PROSPECT-S model accurately estimates chlorophyll, water, and dry matter content in wheat spikes, allowing for non-destructive monitoring of physiological status. The model demonstrates greater stability across developmental stages than existing models, enabling improved light interception and photosynthetic capacity estimations.
A new ion-sieve interface layer based on spinel-structured ZnV2O4 improves the stability of zinc anodes, reducing dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution side reactions. This design achieves ultra-long cycling lifespans in symmetric cell tests, exceeding 3,700 hours at 4 mA cm−2.
A new review highlights the importance of mechanical cues in creating lifelike models, with each organ having its unique mechanical signature. The authors argue that faithfully replicating these forces is critical for achieving physiological relevance.
Researchers discovered niobium/tantalum-tellurium binary compounds with charge density wave as ideal candidates for self-powered infrared detection. The materials showed significant photoresponse in mid- to long-wave infrared band, enabling stable operation under zero bias.
Researchers investigated how pore orientation influences catalytic hydrogenation using carbon-supported single-atom catalysts. Oriented pores exhibit three times higher activity than non-oriented counterparts, enabling smoother diffusion and preventing 'traffic jams' in disordered structures.
Researchers emphasize the importance of enhancing visual intelligence in autonomous robots to achieve complex tasks. Visual perception, decision-making, path planning, and control must be integrated for robots to perform reliably. The ultimate goal is to make robots have human-like intelligence and enable collaboration between robots.
The gut microbiome is recognized as a key driver of tumor initiation and progression, with microbial dysbiosis fueling malignancy or enhancing anti-tumor immunity. Microbiome science and cancer biology are converging to develop new strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy.
A new gene circuit technology has enabled cells to autonomously generate programmed responses, processing multiple molecular signals at once. The RATEX platform allows cells to compute and respond to various types of molecular information.
A team of food scientists found that non-alcoholic beer can be made safer with moderate carbonation, low pH and hops. The most robust protection came from a combination of these factors, which was able to control the growth of five common foodborne pathogens.
Darwin's Ark has established the world's largest community-powered pet research initiative, combining genetic data with owner information to explore questions about pet health, behavior, ancestry, and evolution. Researchers can collaborate by submitting a request form, accelerating discoveries that benefit animal and human health.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have made progress toward a long-sought vaccine capable of broad protection against HIV. The new approach, called germline-targeting sequential immunization, guides precursor B cells to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies that can recognize and block many different HIV strains.
Researchers proposed a hybrid frequency-dimension simulator to explore complex lattice models, achieving scalable programmability and operation stability. The simulator's ability to introduce asymmetric couplings enables the simulation of diverse topological phases.
A new method combining FTIR spectroscopy with machine learning improves gas concentration estimation in complex industrial conditions.
Researchers developed an all-soft robotic system utilizing liquid crystal holography for optical command processing, achieving a synergy of multi-degree-of-freedom actuation and information multiplexing. The system showcases an intelligent gripper capable of precise grasping and object classification.
A study from Huazhong Agricultural University sheds light on the intricate processes of microbial activity and geological structures beneath our feet. The team's work illustrates how bacterial EPS contributes to SOM persistence, a process crucial for maintaining soil health and securing long-term carbon storage.
Researchers stabilize B31-type MnSe0.5Te0.5 phase with superconductivity driven by pressure-induced Jahn-Teller distortions. The team's chemical strategy enables the emergence of superconductivity at lower pressures.
A new University of Arizona study reveals that more than 70% of parents and children in the US use media across various devices during family meals. The study found that media use by parents and children is not linked to each other, and that ethnicity is a significant predictor of media use.
A new study published in Environmental and Biogeochemical Processes shows that changing soil water levels can disrupt the balance between two key steps of nitrification, a central process in the soil nitrogen cycle. Soil moisture and nitrogen availability jointly control the microbial 'handoff' in agricultural soil nitrogen cycling.
Researchers developed an AI platform, CANVAS, to predict cellular neighborhoods and their relationships in tumor tissues. The platform identified 10 discrete neighborhoods, including those rich in immune cells and associated with poorer outcomes and reduced responsiveness to immunotherapy.
A recent study found that spinner dolphins off Hawaii Island have alarmingly low calf numbers, indicating potential threats to their long-term survival. The researchers used drone-based photogrammetry and age-length data to determine the age structure of the population, revealing a stark contrast to expected healthy numbers.
Researchers successfully isolated highly pure geometric isomers of phytoene and phytofluene, revealing distinct ultraviolet absorption characteristics and different responses to light- and heat-induced isomerization. The study demonstrated strong UV-A-shielding capacity and antioxidant activity for these colorless carotenoids.
The e-BOCCHI program, developed to address adolescent loneliness, showed statistically significant reductions in depressive symptoms. Participants demonstrated improvements in help-seeking skills compared to baseline, but modest improvements in loneliness and self-esteem scores.
A new framework, coined as the 'belief effect', proposes that beliefs are shaped by factors such as a person's previous experiences and expectations, practitioner communication, treatment itself, and environment. This framework could help clinicians improve patient care by being more intentional about shaping belief.
A new approach embeds fundamental physical laws into neural networks, enabling detection of GNSS spoofing with high accuracy. The framework outperforms standard models on unseen attack scenarios, offering a blueprint for building AI-based security systems that anchor decisions in physical invariants.
Researchers used high-resolution topographic data to investigate landslide mechanisms. They found that soil thickness varies systematically with slope gradient, controlling depth and size of landslides. This study offers a foundation for hazard maps and risk assessments under climate change.
Researchers have developed a microfluidic platform that recreates the complex ecosystem surrounding pancreatic tumors and observed how cells interact dynamically. The findings reveal a critical mechanism that may explain why many therapies fail and point to new therapeutic strategies.
A miniaturized spectroradiometer based on VIPA technology achieves high spectral resolution for atmospheric water vapor profiling. The system enables researchers to visualize water vapor distribution across the atmosphere, layer by layer.
A research team at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has realized a superconducting diode effect that preserves time-reversal symmetry in NbSe2 homojunctions. The device was built using a solid-state proton gating technique to form n–n, p–n and p–p junctions, all operating under zero magnetic field.
Researchers at the University of Osaka have developed a safe and sustainable sequential process for preparing Davis reagents using sunlight and molecular oxygen. The method produces meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) only as needed, greatly reducing risks associated with storing or handling bulk peracids.
The study reviews SLM optimization strategies and evaluates a Greek labor-law assistant that combines fine-tuning, Retrieval-Augmented Generation and quantization for practical local deployment. The evaluation used standard language-generation and retrieval-oriented metrics, indicating that larger models achieved stronger scores while ...
A research team at Pohang University of Science & Technology has developed a next-generation semiconductor with enhanced performance and stability. The breakthrough solution, called 'Volatile Surface Reconstruction,' converts unreacted tin ions into a volatile compound that volatilizes, while creating a self-protective layer to shield ...