A study published in Radiology used AI to analyze whole-body MRI scans from over 66,000 participants, revealing that skeletal muscle quality is a strong predictor of diabetes, major cardiovascular events, and mortality. The researchers also found that high visceral fat and low skeletal muscle were associated with increased risks of the...
Researchers developed a hand-held device to differentiate tumors from healthy tissue using mechanical properties, reducing the need for future surgeries and delayed treatments. The wireless probe can aid surgeons in precise tumor removal during breast-conserving surgery.
A research team led by Professor Denver Li Danfeng has discovered a magnetic-field-induced 're-entrant' superconductivity phenomenon in infinite-layer nickelate superconductors. This finding challenges the conventional understanding that magnetic fields suppress superconductivity and opens up new directions for exploring unconventional...
Researchers develop quantum algorithms to simulate polymer degradation caused by UV radiation, using industrially relevant aircraft coatings as an example. The goal is to optimize surface coatings for various industries, improving safety and reducing costs.
Indigenous people of the Andes have a genetic adaptation that allows them to digest starch more effectively due to their history of potato cultivation. Those with higher numbers of salivary amylase genes had an evolutionary advantage, resulting in an average of 10 copies of the gene in modern-day Peruvian Andeans.
A global study finds that regions with long-term isolation exhibit greater linguistic diversity despite lower genetic diversity. This dynamic helps preserve a wider range of language structures and grammar organization.
Researchers used MRI to analyze muscle composition in 11,348 participants and found that higher intermuscular fat and lower muscle mass were associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors. Lean muscle mass was only protective against these risks in men, while women's muscle mass declined after age 40.
The study reveals that human TERT is only compatible with non-human primate cells, while other species show limited or no telomere lengthening. This highlights the importance of using suitable preclinical models for telomerase-based therapies.
A study reveals how a tropical tree genus evolved extraordinary photosynthetic strategies, including CAM, through genome duplication and genetic rearrangement. This diversity enables the trees to adapt to different ecological niches, making them ideal models for climate-resilient crops.
Research shows that diverse boards with members from various backgrounds bring new perspectives, strengthen oversight, and reduce aggressive tax avoidance. This leads to more questioning, debate, and closer scrutiny of management decisions, ultimately resulting in more responsible tax behavior.
Researchers discovered CLCA4 suppresses CSC properties and enhances anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, halting tumor growth and immune suppression in colorectal cancer. CLCA4 overexpression also reshaped the tumor immune microenvironment, sensitizing tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy.
A new study from the University of Surrey shows that firms celebrated for strong financial performance may actually be inefficient when environmental impact is included. The research developed a new way to measure sustainable corporate efficiency, combining traditional financial metrics with environmental data.
Researchers developed a unified topological framework to characterize complex boundary states in Floquet crystals, predicting the existence and type of various topological boundary states. The framework uses three complementary one-dimensional winding numbers to unify the description of multiple boundary orders.
The study found that most 988 Lifeline centers struggle to find resources for full-time staffing, posing risks to staff well-being and service quality. Critical financing and operational strategies will be needed to support recruitment and retention to sustain high-quality 988 Lifeline services.
A new study published in Genes & Diseases journal reveals that lncRNA ROLLCSC promotes ferroptosis resistance and metastasis in lung cancer by regulating lipid metabolism. The researchers identified ROLLCSC as a therapeutic target, suggesting potential treatments for advanced lung adenocarcinoma.
Researchers identified a unique metabolic fingerprint in the hearts of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and obesity. The study reveals disrupted glucose metabolism and accumulated metabolic products, which are linked to structural changes in the heart and disease severity.
Research reveals a causal link between alcohol consumption and epilepsy risk via neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. MPO inhibition shows promise in reducing seizure susceptibility.
A retrospective study found lower in-hospital mortality and emergency department use within 30 days of discharge for Medicare beneficiaries undergoing hospital at home compared to traditional inpatient care. However, hospital readmissions within 30 days showed no significant difference between the two approaches.
High-powered lasers can vaporize a solid target, creating plasma that rapidly expands and generates strong magnetic fields. The team derived a simple threshold criterion to predict plasma magnetization for given laser and target parameters.
Dr. Lisa M. Satlin, a renowned pediatrician-scientist, has been awarded the ASPN Founders' Award for her lifetime contributions to pediatric nephrology through research, education, and clinical care. She has advanced understanding of kidney function and development, with significant implications for hypertension and kidney disease.
J. Craig Venter's pioneering work in expressed sequence tags revolutionized brain-expressed genes identification, while his synthetic cells paved the way for synthetic biology as a working discipline. His legacy has reshaped our understanding of genomes and their functions.
A University of East London study found that creative, practice-based assessments improved engagement and eliminated disparities in attainment linked to ethnicity. Students from minoritised backgrounds achieved high pass rates and degrees with traditional exams replaced by authentic assessments.
A review from Florida Atlantic University links obesity to Alzheimer's disease through disruptions in metabolism, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial function and gut-brain axis balance. Early detection and whole-body prevention may become possible through monitoring metabolic health.
A recent study found that over 37% of Americans have experienced a political breakup with friends, family members, or romantic partners. The research highlights the negative consequences of political polarization on interpersonal relationships and individual well-being.
Genomic Press launches Brain Health, a new peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the science of lifelong brain resilience, featuring research on glial plasticity and recovery from depression. The inaugural issue explores the intersection of fields including cognitive reserve, sleep, aging biology, nutritional psychiatry, and social sciences.
Researchers found that treated wastewater can safely recharge coastal aquifers, stabilizing water supplies. However, higher-quality treated wastewater is needed to minimize impacts on groundwater quality.
Research finds GADD45B induces MST1 expression by promoting DNA demethylation, exacerbating apoptosis and intestinal injury in I/R. GADD45B/TET1/MST1 axis may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for I/R injury.
A recent analysis found that GLP-1 prescriptions have grown exponentially, while bariatric surgery procedures have declined in recent years. The study revealed that over 90% of patients with severe obesity receive no treatment, highlighting the need for increased access to weight-loss therapies.
Researchers at Mass General Brigham developed an ultrasensitive test to detect abnormal clumps of TDP-43 protein in cerebrospinal fluid, a biomarker for specific form of dementia called FTLD-TDP. The test shows promise in diagnosing patients with the correct pathology and tracking disease progression.
Patients treated with GLP-1 drugs before surgery lost more weight than those who went directly to surgery, with total weight loss increasing to over 25% after gastric bypass and 20% after sleeve gastrectomy.
The number of metabolic and bariatric surgery procedures in the US declined by over 20% between 2023 and 2024, falling below 200,000 for the first time since 2020. The decline is attributed to rising obesity rates and increased use of GLP-1 medications, with significant shifts seen in the types of operations being performed.
New data show that over 50% of patients with obesity and CKD experienced a significant reduction in kidney failure risk, as well as a nearly 75% drop in mortality rate after undergoing bariatric surgery. This study highlights the transformative impact of metabolic and bariatric surgery on chronic disease outcomes.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that moderate egg consumption is associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers discovered that eating one egg per day for at least five days a week reduces the risk of Alzheimer's by up to 27%.
A real-world analysis of over 90,000 patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes reveals that metabolic and bariatric surgery is the more affordable treatment option compared to GLP-1 drugs. Total costs for GLP-1 therapy were $17,000 more than sleeve gastrectomy and $7,200 more than gastric bypass after two years.
A new tool detects duplicate peer reviews, addressing research integrity concerns and strengthening the peer review process. The Duplicate Review Checker identifies problematic patterns in reviewer reports, enabling early interventions to safeguard manuscript assessments.
The report highlights a driven workforce despite rising pressures, with 83% of nurses citing purpose as a key motivator. Practical considerations like flexibility and job security are increasingly important for nurses evaluating their future.
Researchers at TUM develop NTVE, a process that uses virus-like particles to shuttle messenger RNA out of living cells, allowing for repeated sampling and analysis. This enables precise monitoring of stem cell development and potential applications in cell therapies and tumor research.
A new study by the University of Southampton reveals that an imbalance of nutrients in seawater can cause coral disease, potentially more so than heat stress. The research found that 88% of Black Band Disease incidents occurred in regions with highly imbalanced nutrient ratios.
A study redefines continental evolution by identifying relamination as a key mechanism shaping continents over billions of years. This process explains the origin of certain magmas and offers new insights into post-collisional magmatism, resulting in the formation of large granitic batholiths.
The report outlines risk scenarios on Earth, at sea, and in space, analyzing the fragility of interconnected digital systems. Experts call for coordinated action between countries to improve digital resilience and protect essential services.
A new study finds that rock dust can improve soil fertility and yields in cacao systems, supporting local communities. The research suggests that enhanced rock weathering could help reconnect fragmented rainforests, leading to increased carbon sequestration.
Three young scientists in Israel have been awarded the prestigious Blavatnik Awards for their innovative research in chemistry, cancer biology, and astrophysics. Sergey Semenov, Uri Ben-David, and Paz Beniamini will each receive US$100,000 to advance their projects on complex materials, cancer treatments, and extreme cosmic events.
Researchers identified two main groups and five subgroups of Parkinson's disease, providing a framework for more targeted therapies. The study reveals that different genetic forms naturally cluster into distinct subtypes, allowing for subgroup-specific drugs to be developed.
A new species of moth, Pyralis papaleonei, has been discovered in the White Mountains of Crete, Greece, showcasing its striking purple forewings and orange-golden patch. The discovery underscores the urgent need to protect sensitive habitats and highlights the importance of scientific research in biodiversity conservation.
A new study found that updated alcohol warning labels, including those highlighting cancer risk, can better motivate consumers to cut back on drinking. The study used a nationally representative sample of adults and found that the new labels outperformed the current U.S. warning label in encouraging participants to drink less.
A study finds microplastics in the human brain associated with increased risk of stroke and dementia. Apheresis, a medical treatment, is proposed as a potential removal method for microplastics from the body.
Gonçalo Cotovio uses lesion network mapping to identify the circuits responsible for psychiatric symptoms, aiming to develop personalized brain stimulation treatments. His work has produced striking findings in mania and obsessive-compulsive disorder, with ambitions to extend to disordered feeding behavior.
Dr. Dilek Colak's journey began with a childhood observation of a boy with mental illness, which inspired her to pursue a career in neuroscience. Her current work focuses on understanding autism and schizophrenia through the study of human brain organoids.
Researchers uncover evidence of recurrent high-mountain occupation and systematic exploitation of copper-rich minerals in Cova 338. The site provides new insights into the role of high mountain environments in Pyrenean prehistoric societies.
Researchers have developed a new combination therapy that shows promising results in treating patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The treatment, which combines two mechanisms of action, has been shown to improve clinical remission rates by more than 20 percentage points compared to existing therapies.
Researchers have developed a new class of biodegradable, all-metal microrobots that can penetrate tissue and deliver medications without causing damage. These microrobots demonstrate both strength and safety in testing on mice, paving the way for potential applications in drug delivery and biopsy procedures.
Researchers have developed a simplified mathematical model of learning in neural networks, shedding new light on how these systems produce their responses. The toy model, inspired by physics principles, captures key features of complex systems and offers insights into the surprising efficiency and stability of modern AI systems.
Archaeologists uncover evidence of ancient copper smelting in a mountain cave, spanning over 2,000 years. Human remains and lost jewelry suggest the site may have been a burial ground, while fire played a deliberate role in processing the green mineral fragments.
The Blanke Veterans Access to Cancer Trials Initiative aims to increase veteran participation in NCI-supported clinical trials. With more than a decade of progress, the initiative builds on grants and federal investments to strengthen Veterans Affairs Medical Center participation.
Researchers at the University of Jyväskylä have developed an eco-friendly solid-phase extraction process to recover critical raw materials from NdFeB magnets. The method uses organic methanesulfonic acid, achieving a high recovery rate of over 96% and purity of over 99%.
Scientists used environmental DNA to document species in deep underwater canyons, including the giant squid and other rare species. The study reveals a vast amount of deep-sea biodiversity in Western Australian waters, with dozens of new species detected.
Researchers found that cultivating seaweed species alongside marine finfish can significantly reduce key waste products from fish farming. The study provides guidance for aquaculture producers to incorporate seaweed into existing and prospective integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems.
A new telehealth tool developed by UCR professor Katherine Meltzoff expands access to autism diagnoses for older children with more verbal speech. The study showed promising results in matching the accuracy of traditional in-person evaluations, offering a potential solution to long-standing barriers.
A two-decade slowdown of a critical Atlantic Ocean current has been found, potentially reshaping weather patterns across the globe. The weakening Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) may lead to more extreme storms, changes in rainfall, and colder winters in some regions.
A study by Adelaide University researchers found that teacher self-efficacy is critical in creating safe learning environments for young children experiencing trauma. Early years teachers play a vital role in supporting children's wellbeing and helping to break cycles of disadvantage.