A new study maps distinct brain signatures for two types of extroverts: gregarious 'people-persons' and ambitious 'go-getters'. The research, published in Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, found overlapping yet distinct signatures in the anatomy of the brain.
A study using a tadpole model reveals parallels between fetal chemical exposure and autism spectrum disorder, highlighting altered neural anatomy and behavior. The research suggests that understanding this connection could lead to discovering mechanisms to prevent neurodevelopmental disorders.
Professor John Savage argues that a multistakeholder model is key to maintaining a free and open Internet. He suggests disaggregating governance into smaller, manageable issues and utilizing existing international organizations for non-technical public policy matters.
A new study shows that a door-to-door campaign in a medically underserved area of Philadelphia was able to help vulnerable patients overcome hurdles and access specialized treatment for hepatitis C. The effort involved a comprehensive approach to nonclinical testing, immediate access to confirmatory testing, and patient navigation to e...
Researchers at Brown University have developed a tiny DNA 'cage' that can trap and hold a single DNA strand after it's been pulled through a nanopore. This allows for the first-time detection of chemical reactions on a single molecule, enabling new biochemistry experiments.
The Center on Health Services Training and Research (CoHSTAR) will focus on three areas of research: rehabilitation outcomes measurement, implementation science and quality assurance, and analysis of large datasets. The center aims to build the evidence base for physical therapy care and improve delivery.
Researchers at Brown University found that the brain uses specific patterns of brain wave synchrony to suppress attention and ignore distracting stimuli. By harnessing this process, scientists hope to develop new treatments for pain and depressive thoughts through non-invasive brain stimulation techniques.
A new study suggests that a meteorite found in the Moroccan desert may be representative of the 'bulk background' of rocks on Mars. The meteorite's chemical makeup matches that of rocks analyzed by Mars rovers, indicating that it is a piece of Martian crust.
A new study reveals three regional mysteries about blue mussels in the Northeast coast, including generation gaps and predator activity. The research suggests that mussels can be a good sentinel species for rocky shores but requires more knowledge about their behavior in different estuarine settings.
A study published in The Lancet HIV reports that an HIV testing campaign in Kenya's Bunyala subcounty yielded over 1,300 new diagnoses, with only 15% of newly diagnosed individuals seeking care. Home-based counseling and testing provided a diagnosis to nearly 40% of people living with HIV who otherwise would not have sought testing.
The Affordable Care Act's health insurance cooperatives have had a tangible impact on the marketplace, offering more products and lower-priced plans than traditional insurers
Researchers from Brown University found new evidence of glacier-like ice deposits advancing and retreating multiple times in Mars' midlatitudes, suggesting recent climate cycles. The study suggests that the planet's wobbly rotation around its axis may have driven these ice ages.
A study at Brown University found that reducing Myc gene activity increased the healthy lifespan of laboratory mice by 15%. The mice exhibited better health and organ function, with reduced signs of aging. The study's findings offer encouragement for developing cancer drugs targeting Myc and potential benefits for human health.
A recent study by Brown University neuroscientists has shed light on the brain's cycle of activity and quiet called "up" and "down" states. The research found that all types of interneurons contribute uniquely to these cycles, with inhibitory cells playing a vital role in maintaining balance between excitation and inhibition.
A new $1.6-million grant will support a project aimed at improving coordination between health systems and community services to retain more men in HIV care. The research focuses on the specific challenges faced by South African men, including lower testing rates and adherence to treatment.
A new study reveals that hospital case managers rarely provide patients with quality data on at-home care providers, despite state and federal reports being available online. The researchers found that only a few case managers were aware of these reports, and even fewer shared this information with patients.
Physician self-referrals have increased market share at the expense of non-self-references for services like MRI and CT scans. The practice has allowed doctors to refer patients to clinics where they have a financial stake, raising concerns about the blending of profit and medical care.
A new study found that magnesium intake, genes, and ethnicity interact to determine type 2 diabetes risk in postmenopausal women. The study analyzed data from the Women's Health Initiative and found specific interactions between diet, genetics, and ethnicity.
A new study confirmed that people born weighing 6 pounds or less face an increased risk for type 2 diabetes as adults. The research identified specific biomarkers with relative predictive value, giving doctors potential new tools to understand individual risk among low birthweight women.
Brown University professors Joseph Hogan and Rami Kantor will use a new $3.5 million grant to develop data-driven methods for improving HIV treatment monitoring decisions, potentially reducing costs and increasing effectiveness in low- and middle-income countries.
New research at Brown University reveals that bacteria have the genetic capacity to produce terpenes, with 262 gene sequences found to code for enzymes responsible. The team used these enzymes to isolate 13 previously unknown bacterial terpenes, providing a new paradigm for discovering natural products.
Researchers found that decreasing CHI3L1 levels slows the spread of two different kinds of cancer to the lungs of mice. This suggests addressing dysregulation is key in fighting metastasis and may lead to new treatments, such as preventing or delaying cancer spread after surgery.
A new instrument called BioP3 allows assembly of larger structures from small living microtissue components, potentially making whole organs like livers or kidneys. The device uses pre-assembled living building parts with functional shapes and a thousand times more cells per part.
Researchers developed a new technique to study neutrophil motion in confined spaces, revealing a second mode of motion that doesn't rely on integrins. The findings suggest that physical confinement is key to reproducing this motion and may lead to the development of new drugs to optimize neutrophil movement in specific tissue types.
Scientists have discovered that a genetic mutation associated with type 2 oculocutaneous albinism blocks ion channels in melanosomes, leading to a lack of melanin production. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying albinism and may inspire new treatment ideas.
The Hotnet2 algorithm identified 16 subnetworks of genes mutated with surprising frequency in cancer samples. The research provides new leads for somatic mutations driving cancer and may help prioritize experiments towards specific genes and pathways.
A study found that racial and ethnic disparities in acute care narrowed significantly as hospitals improved quality, with nine major disparities mostly disappearing by the end of 2010. Hospitals serving minorities made faster improvements and delivered more equal care to white and minority patients over time.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that consistent distraction during learning does not hinder learning, but rather helps recall motor skills. The researchers discovered that dividing attention between tasks during learning can create an internal representation that boosts recall when a similar cue is present.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new strategy to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria by using molecular decoys. By administering fragments of antimicrobial agents alongside the full compounds, the researchers were able to increase their effectiveness against efflux pumps that stand guard along bacterial cell membranes.
The new federal Open Payments Program database is incomplete, with issues including limited data, vetting, de-identification, and context. Despite these flaws, experts like Dr. Eli Y. Adashi urge patience, as improvements are underway and the site's potential for transparency and oversight is still significant.
A new wireless brain sensor enables researchers to study neural circuit activity in animal models without cables or wires. The device transmits rich neuroscientifically meaningful signals from the brain during sleep, wake, and exercise.
A new study reveals that suburban blacks and Hispanics live in poverty-stricken neighborhoods with lower test scores compared to their white and Asian counterparts. The research, part of the US2010 Project, highlights the persistent disparities in suburban segregation and unequal access to resources.
Researchers measured head blows in girls' lacrosse players, finding accelerations of up to 60g and reducing effects with protective headgear. The study's results suggest that while headgear can reduce accelerations, it may also increase aggression in the game.
A new study from Brown University reveals that minority students in STEM fields face unique challenges, including a need for social justice components and work-life balance guidance. The research gathered input from 50 underrepresented minority students to identify key themes that could improve their STEM training and career pursuits.
A new study led by Brown University found that older adults learn and retain visual perception tasks as well as younger people, but struggle to filter out irrelevant information. The researchers suggest this may be due to the brain's tendency to learn more than necessary, leading to a 'plasticity and stability dilemma'.
A study by Brown University researchers found that older adults exhibit plasticity in their white matter, a different part of the brain than younger learners. This contradicts the long-held assumption that learning becomes more difficult with age.
Research by Brown University scientists found that paramecia's buoyancy affects their ability to navigate flat surfaces. Under normal conditions, they use their sensory systems to turn and swim away, but with altered buoyancy, they get stuck at an angle, unable to complete the turn.
Scientists found that ancient rivers, streams, and lakes on Mars were likely formed during brief periods of volcanic activity, warming the planet enough for water to flow. This challenges previous climate models suggesting a cold and ice-covered world, instead proposing a more complex history with episodic heating and melting.
A new study at Brown University found that reward overcomes retrieval-induced forgetting, a phenomenon where practicing certain facts suppresses recall of others. Volunteers who earned rewards during practice had improved recall of unpracticed fish category facts.
A new study reveals a stark assessment of the health dangers faced by male sex workers in Mexico City, with 38% having HIV and 21% having syphilis. The study highlights the need for incentives to promote condom use and improve individual and population health.
A new study tracked the changing sleep habits of children from ages 9 to 18, finding that sleep timing shifted later as they matured. Despite getting less sleep overall, teens' bodies resisted sleep signals longer, leading to groggier mornings and potential negative effects on academic performance and mental health.
A new analysis of NLST results concludes that CT lung screening is cost-effective in aging smokers, but its implementation will depend on various factors. The ratio of costs per quality-adjusted life-year added was $81,000, below the $100,000 threshold.
Scientists discovered eight shared molecular pathways and several key driver genes in Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. These findings suggest that treating the two conditions together could be effective, with potential therapeutic targets identified.
A new study at Brown University reveals that conflict in learning tasks biases the brain to reduce the influence of reward and increase the influence of aversion to punishment. The researchers used EEG scans, genetic tests, and manipulation with a dopamine-related drug to gather evidence for this link. They found that people who learn ...
Researchers used super high-speed cannon to simulate collisions on celestial bodies. They found that damage from the impact starts where one would expect, but fails in opposite direction and propagates outward like a blooming flower. The study suggests Vesta's 'belt' formed by an oblique impact.
A recent study suggests that most ammonium deposited over the open ocean comes from natural marine sources, not human activities. The research used rainwater samples and nitrogen isotopes to separate human-made and natural sources.
A new analysis of over 12,000 outbreaks affecting 44 million people worldwide reveals a rising trend in global infectious disease outbreaks, with 65% caused by zoonoses. Despite this increase, the impact of outbreaks is declining on a per capita basis.
Physicists at Brown University have successfully trapped parts of an electron's wave function in liquid helium, a phenomenon that could fundamentally change our understanding of quantum mechanics. The discovery raises questions about the measurement process and the nature of particles at the quantum level.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered an exotic superconducting state that can arise when a superconductor is exposed to a strong magnetic field. The team found that unpaired, spin-up electrons form Andreev bound states, enabling transport of supercurrents through non-superconducting regions.
Research at Brown University found a significant association between self-reported dispositional mindfulness and improved cardiovascular health, including lower BMI, physical activity, and fasting glucose. The study suggests that mindfulness training may be effective in increasing cardiovascular health indicators.