A research team developed an artificial chemical receptor that effectively facilitates viral binding to T cells, increasing transduction efficiency by up to 80%. The technique is safe and efficient for human primary T cells and shows great potential for clinical engineered T lymphocyte manufacturing.
Researchers developed an Al anode design with Cu codeposition, improving cycling stability and capacity retention. The new battery configuration achieved a capacity retention of ~88% over 200 cycles with a high areal density cathode.
Researchers synthesized new In0.28Ga0.72Sb nanowires with high carrier mobility and fast IR response, outperforming existing materials in terms of responsivity and decay times. The minimized crystal defects are attributed to a catalyst epitaxy technology that enables precise atom alignment.
A new cellular mechanism for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been identified, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy targeting the RNA degradation pathway. Researchers also found that an asthma drug called Tranilast could potentially rescue cells and fruit flies from C9orf72-induced neurotoxicity.
A recent study has solved the first structures of a full-length plant NLR protein, uncovering previously unknown mechanisms of this important class of immune receptors. The researchers found that plant NLRs form oligomeric complexes called resistosomes, which are essential for disease resistance and hypersensitive cell death-triggering.
Researchers have developed dual-ion batteries that integrate anodes and cathodes, enabling high efficiency and low cost. The batteries use aluminum foil as the cathode material and graphite as the anode, achieving a new level of performance.
Researchers have discovered a class of disordered materials that can exhibit massive cooling effects when subjected to low pressure. The materials, called plastic crystals, display extremely high entropy changes, making them ideal for emerging solid-state refrigeration technologies.
Researchers found that CBX4 gene therapy helps to regenerate hMSCs and prevent osteoarthritis in mice. The study showed that CBX4 promotes nucleolar homeostasis, which is essential for maintaining healthy stem cells.
A team of scientists has developed a way to improve the tolerance of industrial oil-producing microalgae to high levels of CO2, allowing them to grow faster and more efficiently in flue gas environments. This breakthrough could have significant implications for carbon fixation, food production, and future space exploration.
A team of scientists discovered a new Cretaceous fossil with an egg preserved inside its body, revealing unusual reproductive system abnormalities. The fossil, representing a new species Avimaia schweitzerae, shows an eggshell consisting of two layers instead of one, indicating the egg was retained too long inside the abdomen.
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics used the Dalian Coherent Light Source to study vacuum ultraviolet water photochemistry, identifying rotationally hot OH radicals. Highly excited 'super rotors' were observed from water photodissociation at 115.2 nm, revealing interesting dissociation mechanisms.
A recent study reveals that transposable element insertions drive rapid phenotypic variation in plants, enabling them to adapt to novel environments. Researchers found that transposable elements are enriched in the gene promoter regions of a plant species with limited genetic variation, associated with changes in gene expression.
Research reveals that gut microbiota is essential for thermoregulation, particularly in animals exposed to cold. The study found that gut microbiota helps stimulate the activation of Brown Adipose Tissue and promotes white adipose tissue browning, leading to improved thermogenic capacity.
Scientists have discovered a 25-million-year-old palm fossil in central Tibet, pushing back the formation of the Tibetan Plateau by millions of years. The discovery suggests that the region was once much flatter than previously thought, with lakes and subtropical vegetation, before becoming a plateau around 2-3 million years ago.
A new study found that physiological coordination between plant height and xylem hydraulic traits is linked to habitat water availability. The researchers discovered that taller plants from wet habitats exhibit greater xylem efficiency, wider conduits, and lower sapwood density.
Researchers produce a colorless liquid reservoir of metal-like discrete platinum atoms with high catalytic activity and stability, offering potential for reducing Pt consumption in the silicone industry. The scalable preparation method shields individual Pt atoms with hydrochlorides and docks them in the liquid through oxygen atoms.
A research team developed a simple correlation to predict bubble diameter using nonlinear least square optimization, validating it with experimental data and literature results. The new correlation shows reasonable accuracy in predicting bubble diameter under various operating conditions.
Researchers found that cytosine base editors (BE3 and HF1-BE3) cause unexpected genome-wide off-target mutations in rice, with single-nucleotide variants predominantly occurring in transcribed genic regions. The high frequency of these mutations suggests a need for optimization to increase the specificity of cytosine base editors.
Researchers developed a new technique called GOTI to evaluate genome-editing tool safety, improving detection sensitivity and accuracy. The method detected off-target effects in CRISPR/Cas9 and base editors, raising concerns about emerging technologies' unpredictable risks.
A new consolidated bio-saccharification (CBS) technique has been developed to improve lignocellulose conversion efficiency and reduce costs. The CBS process integrates enzyme production, cellulose hydrolysis, and fermentation in one step, resulting in a 50% reduction in processing time and increased sugar yield.
Researchers found widespread allomaternal nursing behavior in golden snub-nosed monkeys, where most infants were nursed by one or two additional adult females. This behavior enhanced infant survivorship and supported kin selection and reciprocity hypotheses, expanding our understanding of allomaternal nursing in primates.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters identified the atomic structure of the catalytically active copper-ceria interface, proposing a copper bilayer model. The copper-ceria interface was found to be responsible for efficient hydrogen production through low-temperature water-gas shift reactions and CO/CO2 hydrogenation.
A recent study reveals the crystal structure of diatom fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins, which have exceptional light harvesting and photoprotection capabilities. The findings indicate that these proteins utilize a unique arrangement of pigments to efficiently harness blue-green light.
Researchers from Yangzhou University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences create a metal-free photocatalyst that can purify pathogen-rich water in 30 minutes with over 99.9999% disinfection efficiency under visible light irradiation. The catalyst's high activity and low ecotoxicity make it a promising approach for global clean water sca...
Astronomers have created a 3D picture of the Milky Way's outer regions using variable stars. The team found that the galaxy's S-like stellar disk is warped in a progressively twisted spiral pattern.
Researchers have created a new type of magnesium battery that uses a rigid-fexible coupling gel polymer electrolyte to achieve improved performance. The battery exhibits reversible Mg plating/stripping performance, high Mg-ion conductivity, and unprecedented improvements in safety issues.
A research team has developed a novel method for fabricating functional bacterial cellulose through in situ fermentation of Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans. The new approach provides environmentally friendly conditions, lower production costs, and controlled distribution of functional moieties.
A new study reveals that Anchiornis, one of the earliest known feathered dinosaurs, had feathers with thicker alpha-keratins instead of beta-keratins, lacking necessary biomechanical properties for flight. However, its molecular composition may signify an intermediate stage in the evolution of avian flight feathers.
A novel host antiviral factor named Shiftless has been identified that inhibits programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting in viruses. Shiftless interacts with the -1PRF signal RNA and translating ribosomes to stall the ribosome at the -1PRF site, leading to premature translation termination.
A team of scientists identified a novel antipredator defense mechanism in locusts, where an olfactory aposematic signal is converted into a hypertoxic chemical. The discovery revealed that phenylacetonitrile (PAN) serves as both a warning signal and a cyanide precursor to deter predators.
Researchers developed a strategy to design single-atom catalysts for CO2 transformation, exhibiting superior activity and stability. The Ir-based catalyst shows the best performance yet for heterogeneous conversion of CO2 to formate.
Researchers found that fever enhances T lymphocyte trafficking through heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-induced α4 integrin activation and signaling in T cells. Fever increased Hsp90 expression, promoting α4 integrin-mediated T cell adhesion and transmigration.
Researchers successfully generated human vascular cells with enhanced function through targeted gene editing of the longevity gene FOXO3. These cells demonstrated improved self-renewal, resistance to oxidative injury and therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of ischemic injury.
Researchers analyzed a juvenile archaic Homo fossil from Northern China, finding most dental development traits fall within the modern human range. The study suggests that a slow life history similar to that of modern humans may have appeared prior to fully modern human morphology.
A new integrative stratigraphy and timescale for 13 geological periods in China has been published, highlighting advances in stratigraphy and timescale development. The research provides a precise framework for geological mapping and natural resource exploration, benefiting all geologic disciplines.
A recent study using high-precision polarization measurements of five gamma-ray bursts has found that GRBs oscillate in the same direction within short time slices, with the oscillation direction changing over time. The results challenge previous theoretical models and provide new insights into the physics of GRB prompt emissions.
Researchers have discovered novel diacylglyceryl transferases that selectively assemble essential fatty acids into microalgal TAGs. By modulating the ratio of these enzymes, they created a strain bank with customized FA compositions, offering potential for 'designer' TAGs with tailored health benefits.
Researchers have found that copper's electron structure can be altered, enabling it to act as a noble metal in catalyzing the preliminary hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate into methyl glycolate with high selectivity. The 'frozen' state of copper at zero valence is crucial for this process.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences improve PSCs by removing van der Waals gaps in Ruddlesden-Popper phase 2D layered perovskites. The newly developed materials exhibit outstanding stability under harsh testing conditions.
Researchers from China and Germany discover the geometric phase effect in a benchmark chemical reaction, providing new insights into molecular systems with conical intersections. The study uses high-resolution velocity map ion imaging technique to observe rapid oscillations of H2 products, which can only be reproduced by theoretical ca...
Researchers found that amorphous solids can be truly elastic and reversible for small strains, but become marginally stable with infinitesimal deformations, exhibiting both elastic and plastic behavior
A new high-pressure mineral, Maohokite, has been discovered and found to contain Fe3+, replacing the previously believed Fe2+, in the Earth's lower mantle. This discovery was made by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and published in Meteoritics & Planetary Science.
A team of scientists has found medullary bone in a Cretaceous bird fossil, providing the first occurrence of this tissue outside of modern birds. The discovery links birds and dinosaurs, challenging previous assumptions about their relationship.
Scientists developed a strategy to transform 70% of carbon in ABE fermentation mixture to 4-heptanone with high selectivity using tin-doped ceria. The catalyst achieves excellent performance despite the presence of water, which is detrimental to most catalysts.
A new archaeological site in Tibet has pushed back the earliest known human habitation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau by 20,000 years. The discovery of Nwya Devu provides crucial evidence of human occupation and evolution on the plateau.
A recent study reveals that a species of jumping spider provides milk to its offspring, similar to mammalian lactation. The researchers observed that the mother continued to care for her young even after they could forage for themselves, resulting in a high adult survival rate and normal body size.
A novel DNA methylation regulator Stella has been identified to safeguard the unique epigenome of oocytes. The dysregulation of Stella results in aberrant DNA methylation during postnatal oogenesis, affecting preimplantation embryo development. DNMT1 is found to be responsible for this aberrant methylation.
Researchers discovered the hierarchical structure of whale baleen contributes to its unique fracture behavior. The nanoscale structure increases stiffness and strength, while microscale tubular lamellae control crack propagation, making it an ideal material for marine applications.
Researchers discovered that HSPCs preferentially anchor at venous capillary confluence points guided by VCAM-1+ macrophages. This interaction helps regulate HSPC retention and expansion, providing new insights into the homing process.
Researchers discovered that signal peptides can inhibit glutamate receptor trafficking, leading to potentiation of synaptic responses. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying glutamate receptor trafficking and its role in neurological disorders.