A new study reveals a significant increase in premature deaths from alcoholic liver disease, particularly among younger women. The gap between men and women's mortality rates has narrowed over the past two decades, with women dying on average two to three years earlier than men.
A new study suggests that a COVID-19 vaccine needs to be at least 80% effective to achieve a complete 'return to normal' and prevent an epidemic. Social vulnerability is also linked to increased COVID-19 infection, with specific factors varying among regions and counties.
Research reveals that crossbreeding Holstein cows with Viking Red and Montbéliarde breeds can significantly improve fertility while maintaining milk production. The study, published in the Journal of Dairy Science, found that crossbred cows had better overall well-being, reduced costs of insemination, and longer herd life compared to p...
Researchers found autistic nerve cells differ in structure and gene expression from typical individuals as early as 9 days into development. The study used induced pluripotent stem cells to model brain development and provides new insights into the origins of autism.
Researchers discovered increased levels of neuroprotein sortilin in pancreatic cancer cells, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target. Sortilin's expression was found higher in female patients and contributed to invasive properties of pancreatic cancer cells.
A new study found that ideal cardiovascular health is associated with lower odds for developing ocular diseases, particularly diabetic retinopathy. Practicing healthy lifestyles such as regular physical activity, healthy diet, and maintaining normal weight may also contribute to good eye health.
A new study published in The American Journal of Medicine estimates that one out of every 100 American children will die from firearms if current death rates continue, while one out of every 70 will die from drug overdoses. The study aims to educate the public and policymakers about the impact of firearm and overdose deaths.
A study published in the Journal of Dairy Science found that sensory characteristics, such as flavor and heat treatment, and habit are key drivers for long-term milk consumption among children. Increasing milk availability in schools and making it more appealing to children can encourage healthy lifelong consumption.
A new study reveals that children with ADHD symptoms persisting into adulthood are more likely to be involved in car crashes. Adults with continuing ADHD symptoms had the highest rate of car crash involvement compared to those without a history of ADHD.
The Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences special issue shares stories about interpersonal skills beyond technical aspects to care for patients during medical imaging and radiation therapy procedures. Guest Editor Sue Robins curated this issue as a learning experience for technologists, therapists, and patients alike.
A new study found that children's pester power significantly influences their family's dietary intake and parenting practices. The research suggests that children's influence on their homes may be an underdeveloped potential target for future interventions.
A new study shows that physically fit patients are more likely to benefit from atrial fibrillation ablation, with a lower risk of recurrent arrhythmia and improved outcomes. The study found that high cardiorespiratory fitness can act as an antiarrhythmic medication, keeping patients in rhythm after the procedure.
A cheaper, rapid, and accurate pooling strategy for RT-PCR-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples has been proposed. The assay has a significant impact on large-scale population screening, reducing testing costs by approximately 5-10 fold.
A study found a decline in purchases of foods with caloric sugars, but an increase in those with both caloric and nonnutritive sweeteners. Purchases of beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners grew significantly, particularly among households with children.
A study published in Journal of Dairy Science proposes breeding dairy cattle to reduce methane production, which accounts for 13% of global GHG emissions. The research aims to decrease enteric methane by 4-6% in 10 years through increased milk productivity per cow.
A recent study in the Journal of Dairy Science reveals that milk protein composition plays a crucial role in cheese production. The researchers found that non-coagulating milk has higher concentrations of certain proteins, leading to lower cheese yields and economic impacts.
Research on heat-stressed gestating dairy cows found negative effects on the productivity and health of their female offspring, including reduced milk yield, length of productive lifespan, and increased rates of illness. These impairments translate to considerable annual costs to US dairy producers.
A meta-analysis of 62 studies and 44,000 participants reveals that eight specific types of early life stress are associated with an increased risk of developing depression in youth. These include emotional abuse, poverty, and death of a family member, while others like sexual abuse and physical abuse show stronger links to the condition.
A new study found that patients with fewer or milder symptoms have a higher SARS-CoV-2 viral load when diagnosed, which may carry a higher risk of transmission. The study also linked higher viral loads to cancer and cardiovascular disease after adjusting for age.
Researchers emphasize the importance of population-wide behavior change to combat COVID-19, citing gaps in public understanding and behavior. Financial strain associated with hospitalizations is expected to disproportionately affect younger patients with lower premium plans.
Researchers identified shared brain structural elements across major psychiatric disorders, including depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The study also revealed distinct regional abnormalities for individual conditions, suggesting potential mechanisms underlying these disorders.
A new study found that overweight and obese fathers are more likely to receive nutrition or exercise counseling than men without children. This increased referral rate may be attributed to the father's commitment to their child's health, highlighting a potential opportunity for healthcare providers to positively influence family outcomes.
Between 2007 and 2016, standardized hospitalization rates declined for coronary artery and vascular disease, heart rhythm disorders, stroke, and heart failure. However, there were notable increases for acquired valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, and vascular cognitive impairment.
Scientists have identified a microRNA in obese mouse mothers that increases the odds of liver cancer in their offspring and throughout future generations. The study found that maternal obesity causes susceptibility to liver cancer in offspring, with the severity increasing over generations.
A study published in the Journal of Dairy Science found that a feed additive called 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) can reduce enteric methane emissions in dairy cows by 22-40%. The addition of 3-NOP to the diet did not affect dry matter intake or milk yield but increased milk fat concentration and yield.
Researchers found that calves fed solid feed near their milk supply consumed more solid feed, leading to improved weight gain and reduced stress. This study suggests optimal weaning strategies for dairy calves, benefiting their nutritional and health outcomes.
A 84-year-old woman with breast cancer and controlled hypertension developed a life-threatening arrhythmia after chloroquine treatment, resolving after discontinuation. The case highlights the risks of QT interval prolongation and torsade de pointes in patients treated with chloroquine for COVID-19.
A new study in The American Journal of Pathology reports that gene expression analysis of lung explant tissue can accurately differentiate pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) from pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). This molecular approach promises to facilitate clinical diagnostics and develop novel target-specific intervention...
Researchers investigate the link between a genetic variant and increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in African Americans during COVID-19. They recommend careful monitoring and research into potential treatments to protect at-risk individuals.
A new study published in the American Journal of Pathology reports that a single dose of visual chromophore 9-cis-retinal improves visual function in diabetic mice by reducing oxidative stress and cell death. This treatment may represent a potential therapy for early diabetic retinopathy.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that regular volunteer work among older adults (50+) significantly reduces mortality risk, improves sense of well-being, and boosts physical activity. However, volunteering did not show direct impact on chronic conditions such as diabetes or heart disease.
Women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in pregnancy face increased risks of maternal and infant health complications. The study found that NAFLD is associated with hypertensive complications, preterm birth, and maternal bleeding after delivery, independent of other metabolic diseases.
Researchers found parents with better communication and lower discouragement were more likely to participate in family meals, leading to healthier habits. The study also highlighted the importance of open communication about children's weight without promoting unhealthy body image.
Elsevier has launched a free access special issue of curated content focused on biodiversity, highlighting the urgent need for climate action and protecting the planet. The collection features over 60 carefully selected journal articles and book chapters supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Former child soldiers in Sierra Leone who were accepted by their families and communities experienced improved emotional and social well-being. The longitudinal study of over 500 former child soldiers found that stigma was a significant barrier to their recovery, with some experiencing anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress dis...
A new assay has been developed to improve prenatal detection of alpha-thalassemia, allowing for clinical diagnosis and large-scale population screening. The one-step nested asymmetric PCR melting curve analysis assay shows high sensitivity and specificity, and can be completed in under 2.5 hours.
A new study published in The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics found that phosphate buffered saline (PBS) can reliably transport COVID-19 samples to testing labs for up to 18 hours. This inexpensive and commonly available solution overcomes the shortage of virus transport media, enabling faster diagnosis and more widespread surveillance.
The use of genomic selection has rapidly accelerated genetic progress in dairy cows, allowing for the development of new data pipelines for novel traits. This shift has also enabled a better understanding of genetic variance and the creation of single-step genomic evaluations to mitigate homozygosity.
The American Journal of Preventive Medicine emphasizes the importance of addressing risks in correctional facilities and marginalized communities. Researchers outline guidelines to mitigate transmission and protect workers and prisoners, as well as caution about existing health disparities and potential exacerbation of stigma.
Researchers found that partly random selected leaders are less prone to misusing their power, making decisions beneficial to the group. Competitive selection methods trigger leadership hubris, leading to detrimental outcomes.
Scientists from Penn State University and NAGP have successfully reintroduced genetic diversity into modern Holsteins by using semen from the 1950s. The reintroduction of two lost male lineages, Colantha and Netherland Prince, demonstrates the possibility of expanding research into Y-chromosome variation.
A new study found that children's lack of digital health literacy can lead to misinterpretation of nutrition information and adoption of adult recommendations. Researchers recruited 25 children aged 9-11 who struggled to find credible sources and accurately determine portion sizes.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine reveals that veterans often become homeless years after leaving the military, with a significant 'sleeper effect' delayed onset. Chronic medical and psychiatric conditions take time to develop, increasing the risk of homelessness over subsequent years.
Youth with chronic medical conditions are at a higher risk of developing anxiety disorders, affecting approximately 20-50% of young people. Anxiety disorders can also worsen disease-related outcomes in children and adolescents with these conditions.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that incorporating cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) into traditional risk factor assessments improves mortality risk prediction accuracy. CRF was strongly associated with a lower risk of mortality, particularly when combined with age, sex, blood pressure, cholesterol, and smoking.
A new study found that Canadian patients can wait significantly longer for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) procedures, with wait times varying greatly across provinces. The study highlights the need for improved access to TAVR care and calls for policy makers to re-evaluate funding mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a sensitive and specific assay to detect different serotypes of Salmonella, enabling rapid tracing of infection origins. The new DNA test can distinguish between subtypes of Salmonella in just eight minutes and has the potential to simplify and accelerate food-borne illness investigations.
Researchers found that lixisenatide significantly reduced neuroinflammation in the retina and optic nerve head of mice with early type 2 diabetes. The study suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing visual deterioration in diabetic retinopathy before its clinical manifestation.
Scientists developed a novel RT-LAMP assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA, achieving sensitivity comparable to RT-qPCR. The method can be run in decentralized facilities, providing faster test services for more people and overcoming limitations of centralized testing.
Researchers have created a novel vaccine delivery technology using a finger-tip sized patch with tiny needles that penetrate the skin, releasing molecules to prompt immune responses. The technology has shown improved immunogenicity, including cellular immune responses, and potential advantages in ease of fabrication and storage.