A low FODMAP diet improved gastrointestinal symptoms in 60% of study participants, reducing symptom severity by 40% compared to a control diet. The diet also eased abdominal pain and bloating, normalizing stool consistency.
PanDerm, a new AI model, analyzes multiple types of images to improve skin cancer diagnosis accuracy by 11% when used by doctors. The tool also enhances diagnostic accuracy for non-dermatologist healthcare professionals by 16.5%.
A new study reveals that those affected by PCOS want a name change to overcome the misleading implication of being only an ovarian or gynaecological condition. The research, led by Monash University, involved international online surveys and face-to-face workshops, demonstrating that a name change can improve awareness, diagnosis, and ...
A Monash University study found that rare genetic variants affecting SCFA signalling increase hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk. However, adequate dietary fibre intake mitigates this risk, highlighting the importance of SCFAs in cardio-protection.
A study published in Science Advances reveals that telomere phages, previously thought to be a rarity, are highly prevalent in Klebsiella bacteria. The discovery improves understanding of viral mechanisms and has implications for bacterial management strategies.
A 20-year modeling study found that increasing urban vegetation by 30% could save up to 1.16 million lives globally from 2000 to 2019, with the greatest reduction in heat-related deaths in Southern Asia, Eastern Europe, and Eastern Asia.
A study published in JAMA found that metformin reduced knee arthritis pain over six months in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and overweight or obesity. The treatment was shown to have a moderate effect on pain reduction, with the metformin group reporting a 31.3 point decrease compared to the placebo group.
A massive analysis of over 300 million hospitalizations records in eight countries found that flooding increases the risk of serious diseases like cardiovascular, respiratory, and infectious diseases. The study highlights the need for better preparedness and response to mitigate health impacts of floods.
A landmark study reveals that bacterial vaginosis is a sexually transmitted infection, causing infertility and premature births. Treating both partners simultaneously achieves significantly higher cure rates than current practice.
The new AI system, LLM4SD, can carry out basic steps of scientific research and provide insights to explain its results. It was tested with 58 research tasks across four domains, outperforming state-of-the-art tools and boosting accuracy by up to 48%.
Researchers at Monash University have developed a zinc alloy that is stronger than permanent steel implants and more durable than biodegradable options. The innovative material could revolutionize orthopaedic care by promoting better healing outcomes and minimizing disruption to surrounding tissues.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered how microbes consume huge amounts of carbon monoxide and reduce its levels in the atmosphere. By using a special enzyme called CO dehydrogenase, microbes extract energy from CO, powering their own survival while also cleaning the air.
Researchers discovered how cigarette smoke alters the function of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells in the lungs, making smokers more susceptible to respiratory infections and worsening COPD. Cigarette smoke components bind to protein MR1, blocking activation of MAIT cells.
Scientists at Monash University have discovered the structure of how LAG-3 interacts with its main ligand, providing a new targeted approach to improve immunotherapy's effectiveness for certain forms of cancer. This breakthrough could lead to the development of blocking LAG-3 therapeutics and further enhance cancer treatment.
The new guidelines provide 145 recommendations on symptoms, diagnosis, causation, sequelae, and treatment of POI. They emphasize personalized hormone therapy, prompt institution, and continuation until the usual age of menopause to prevent chronic disease and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have identified a form of Vitamin B6 bound to MR1 as a means of engaging tumour-reactive immune cells, suggesting that altered cellular metabolism/metabolite levels may distinguish cancer cells. Understanding the breadth of MR1-mediated immunity could illuminate routes for therapeutic intervention with broad utility.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered that LXA4 can halve inflammation and scar formation in diabetic hearts, offering a promising new treatment option. The study's findings suggest that LXA4-based therapies could be used to manage diabetic heart disease more effectively.
A new study found that gabapentinoids, widely used to treat neuropathic pain, increased the risk of hip fractures in older patients. The study tracked patients hospitalized for hip fractures in Australia and found a 30% increased odds of hip fracture within two months of being dispensed gabapentinoid medication.
A new standard in lithium processing has been set with the innovative EDTA-aided loose nanofiltration (EALNF) technology, which extracts both lithium and magnesium simultaneously. The method achieves 90% lithium recovery and turns leftover magnesium into a valuable product, reducing waste and its environmental impact.
A new study by Monash University researchers highlights essential factors for adapting Generative AI (GenAI) to support human learning in all levels of education and workplaces. The key considerations include understanding how to use GenAI to enhance human learning while fostering critical thinking and self-reflection skills.
A new framework assesses research integrity in clinical guidelines, excluding untrustworthy studies and prioritizing transparency. The RIGID framework has been applied to several international guidelines, removing problematic studies that posed a risk to patient care.
Research from Monash University found that early exposure to antibiotics can trigger long-term susceptibility to asthma. A molecule called IPA, produced by healthy gut bacteria, has the potential to prevent asthma in children at risk.
PSICHIC uses sequence data and AI to decode protein-molecule interactions with state-of-the-art accuracy, eliminating costly processes like 3D structures. The tool effectively screens new drug candidates and performs selectivity profiling, offering a more efficient and reliable approach to drug discovery.
Researchers redefine our understanding of archaea, microbial ancestors to humans from two billion years ago, by showing how they use hydrogen gas. This simple strategy has allowed them to thrive in hostile environments.
A global study found that heatwaves caused an additional 153,000+ deaths per year, with nearly half in Asia. The study's authors call for localized adaptation planning and risk management to address the growing mortality burden associated with heatwaves.
Australian researchers have identified a previously unknown immune B memory cell that fails to produce high levels of antibodies against persistent infections. The discovery may lead to earlier intervention and prevention of chronic viral infections like HIV or hepatitis.
Scientists have uncovered a crucial step in the wound healing process that is disabled in diseases like diabetes and ageing, promoting tissue repair and regeneration. The discovery highlights the importance of sensory neurons in orchestrating the repair and regeneration of tissues.
A new study by Monash University reveals that short-term exposure to high levels of air pollution results in over 1 million premature deaths worldwide every year. The highest mortality burden is found in crowded, highly polluted areas in eastern Asia, southern Asia, and western Africa.
A 20-year study of 1.2 million births reveals strong associations between extreme hot temperatures and preterm birth risks in the third trimester. Greenery may help mitigate this risk, suggesting a need for urban planning strategies to incorporate more green spaces.
Monash University researchers have developed a treatment that restores the protective side of the immune system, preventing autoimmunity in people with lupus. The new method uses human cells to introduce protective molecules into defective T-regs, effectively 'resetting' the abnormal immune system.
A new study in The Lancet found that intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) does not improve live birth rates compared to conventional IVF for couples with non-severe male factor infertility. ICSI was also shown to be an expensive and invasive procedure with potential risks to offspring health.
A review of over 90 studies found that 5.5% of adolescents globally have used non-prescription weight loss products, while 2% do so in the previous week. Ineffective treatments can lead to long-term health consequences, according to the study.
Researchers at Monash University cracked the code behind IKAROS, a crucial protein for immune cell development and protection. The study reveals how IKAROS regulates NK cells, our frontline warriors against infections and cancers.
Australian researchers at Monash University have discovered a new way that epithelial cells form tissues of the right size and shape by adhering to each other through basal spot junctions. This finding is crucial for understanding human diseases, including cancers, where Hippo signalling plays a key role.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered how anti-obesity drugs like Ozempic interact with the RAGE receptor to control kidney damage in diabetes. This finding opens up new therapeutic drug targets for preventing kidney disease in people with diabetes.
A study from Monash University reveals the levels of NOX4 protein change as fatty liver disease progresses, offering hope for prevention and treatment. Removing NOX4 in obese mice leads to NASH and liver damage, while artificially raising its levels protects against it.
A new study found that very high levels of HDL-C, known as 'good cholesterol', are associated with an increased risk of dementia in older adults. Researchers observed a 27% higher risk of dementia among participants with very high HDL-C levels compared to those with optimal levels.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that a 1% reduction in deep sleep per year for people over 60 increases dementia risk by 27%. The research suggests that maintaining or enhancing deep sleep could stave off dementia.
A clinical trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that adding a second antibiotic, vancomycin, did not protect against infection and may have led to more infections. The study showed no clear benefit from using two antibiotics instead of one.
A Monash University study found that methotrexate, a low-cost and effective treatment for inflammatory joint conditions, can reduce pain and stiffness in patients with symptomatic hand OA. The study's results suggest that methotrexate may be a viable treatment option for people with hand osteoarthritis and inflammation.
A new simulation paradigm for cortical prosthetic vision has been developed, enabling more realistic brain surface mapping and improving 'bionic eye' outcomes. Researchers used MRI-derived phosphene maps and clustering algorithms to determine optimal electrode implantation sites.
The study found that increased exposure to night-time light increases the risk of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, and PTSD severity. In contrast, increasing daytime light exposure can act as a non-pharmacological means for reducing psychosis risk and depression.
A global decade-long study found that people impacted by floods are at significantly increased risk of dying between three and six weeks after the event. The risk of death increases by up to 4.9% for respiratory deaths and persists for up to 60 days, with peak mortality rates reached around 25 days.
A new study found that over 2 billion people are exposed to potentially health-impacting wildfire smoke each year, with a significant increase in exposure levels over the past decade. The study highlights the severity and scale of landscape fire-sourced air pollution and its impact on public health, particularly in low-income countries.
Monash University researchers have developed a new capacity to map and model the spread of brain changes in people with different stages of psychoses. The study identified the hippocampus as a possible early site of brain changes in psychosis, which could guide therapies targeting this area.
Monash University researchers successfully print 3D nerve networks with living neurons that can transmit and respond to nerve signals. The networks mimic the arrangement of grey matter and white matter in the brain, allowing for significant advancements in studying nerve growth and disease mechanisms.
A new oral drug Muvalaplin successfully lowered Lipoprotein(a) levels by up to 65%, offering a game-changing treatment for the elusive form of cholesterol. The breakthrough comes after a decade-long search for a targeted solution, with potential applications in vascular and valve disease.
Researchers at Monash University have created a new method to reprogram human cells, called transient-naive-treatment (TNT) reprogramming, which reduces the differences between induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and embryonic stem cells. This breakthrough has significant implications for biomedical and therapeutic uses.
A study of nearly 1,300 individuals diagnosed with six types of mental illness reveals diverse brain changes, with no more than 7% showing similar deviations in the same area. The research identifies potential treatment targets for individualized therapy.
A Monash University-led study proposes standardizing medical terminology to capture climate-driven disaster events impacting human health. The research highlights the need for comprehensive clinical terminologies, particularly those linked to environmental factors, to improve disaster preparedness and response efforts.