Letrozole, a breast cancer treatment drug, shows promise in suppressing liver fibrosis through inhibition of the CTGF pathway and reduction of Hsd17b13 expression. This repurposed approach may lead to new treatments for liver disease.
Researchers have discovered a new gene, Schlafen11 (SLFN11), which correlates with chemotherapy response in medulloblastoma. The study's findings suggest SLFN11 can help improve treatment outcomes by increasing sensitivity to cisplatin.
The study reveals the involvement of serotonin and its receptor HTR2A in NAFLD pathology. Hepatic blockade of autonomic neural signals reduced NAFLD progression by inhibiting 5-HT, HTR2A, and lipogenic gene expression.
Researchers developed a new test method to detect tuberculosis (TB) progression from latent infection in elephants using IgG antibodies against Antigen 85B. High levels of IgG against ESAT6/CFP10 remained constant, while IgG against Ag85B increased before disease onset and declined with treatment.
A novel pancreatic carcinogenesis model in wild-type rats was established using the pancreas-targeted selective hydrodynamic gene delivery method. The KRAS G12D-induced lesions showed malignant transformation and developed into pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma within five weeks.
Researchers discovered that the CuO2 planes in superconducting Pr2Ba4Cu7O15-δ are both insulating and antiferromagnetic. The findings contradict previous theories and suggest that double chains may be responsible for the superconductivity.
A recent study found that mutant clones expand in the normal endometrium through a rhizome structure, which arises from a common ancestral clone. This expansion increases the risk of developing endometriosis and endometrial cancer. The study proposes a new model of clonal expansion in the normal endometrium.
Researchers at Niigata University identified a novel Olig2 binding protein called Ddx20, which regulates RNA metabolism and transcription. Ddx20's interaction with Olig2 helps maintain cell survival and prevents apoptosis in neural progenitor cells.
Researchers at Niigata University have successfully observed the formation of an oxygen-oxygen bond in a low-valent Ru(III) complex. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient water oxidation catalysts, crucial for artificial photosynthesis and sustainable energy systems.
Scientists from Niigata University, Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, and the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan detected a newborn star and its surrounding cocoon of complex organic molecules in the extreme outer Galaxy. The discovery reveals the hidden chemical complexity of our Universe.
Researchers found that candesartan reduces accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins and normalizes blood flow in mice with hereditary cerebral small vessel disease. The study suggests a potential new treatment avenue for age-related cerebral arteriopathy.
A study investigates the role of the TGF-β/SOX9 axis in promoting cancer migration and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The research found that CAF-induced TGF-β1 upregulates SOX9 expression, leading to increased cancer invasiveness and poor prognosis. The findings suggest a potential therapeutic target for developing novel tr...
A new proposed scheme has been developed to seamlessly detect cutoff lows and preexisting troughs in a consistent and integrated manner. The scheme uses an automated numerical approach to extract the locations, intensities, and sizes of these features from snapshot upper tropospheric weather map data.
The study reveals that G6PD is associated with elevated expression of genes involved in glutathione-mediated redox metabolism, leading to chemoresistance. Patient-derived spheroids derived from clinical specimens showed diverse heterogeneity in chemoresistance against platinum-based compounds.
Research finds that age-related DNA methylation of TDP-43 contributes to ALS, with increased gene expression levels in the motor cortex. This discovery may provide a new therapeutic approach for the disease.
Researchers at Niigata University have identified a key pathway involving the protein optineurin that may contribute to the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease. The study found that optineurin inhibits the formation of stress-induced TDP-43 protein aggregates in motor neurons, which are a hallmark of ALS.
A study of 805,992 Japanese individuals found that systolic blood pressure (SBP) above 120 mmHg increases the rate of cardiovascular disease. SBP levels were also associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease, even in individuals with normal glucose status.
A new fluorescent reporter mouse line enables direct analysis of mitophagy activity in vivo. Increased levels of mitophagy activity were observed in atrophic soleus muscles following hindlimb immobilization, revealing muscle disuse increases mitophagy.
Researchers at Niigata University have developed a highly efficient nickel sulfide nanowire anode for electrocatalytic water splitting, which reduces the initial energy required for oxygen evolution and accelerates four-electron transfer. This breakthrough enhances long-term performance and stability of electrochemical cells.
A convolutional neural network-based algorithm predicts tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H) colorectal cancer response to immunotherapy. The model uses histopathological characteristics, particularly tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, from hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.
Researchers discover that cytosolic dsDNA from mitochondria can cause cell death and neurodegeneration in PD patients. A new approach using DNAse II may help counteract this effect, potentially leading to a breakthrough in treating Parkinson's Disease.
Researchers develop non-invasive tool to assess oral keratinocyte quality, correlating cell motion speed with regenerative capacity and proliferation potential. The cells/colony motion index makes a reliable quality control tool for engineered cells used in regenerative medicine.
Researchers have developed a novel strategy to treat, prevent, and possibly reverse liver damages by exploiting small extracellular vesicles derived from interferon-γ pre-conditioned MSCs. The approach has shown promising results in reducing inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of cirrhosis.
Researchers from Niigata University used 3D imaging to analyze the morphology of the human uterine endometrium and adenomyotic lesions. The study reveals a unique plexus network structure in the basal glands, which is detected in all samples regardless of age or menstrual cycle phase.
Researchers at Niigata University have identified a protein biomarker, APM2, that can indicate the permissible level of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin. The study found a significant relationship between high APM2 expression and cisplatin resistance in liver and gastric cancer cells.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the proton conduction mechanism in protic ionic liquids, a key component in fuel cells. The study reveals that the mechanism shifts from proton hopping to vehicle mechanism with increasing acidity, enabling the development of new hydrogen ion conductors.