A Penn State-led team of researchers developed a flexible polymer with enhanced electromechanical behavior, resulting in a 60% increase in electricity generation efficiency. The material's properties were improved by deliberately introducing chemical impurities through doping and stretching the polymer to align molecular chains.
Researchers whole-genome sequenced 375 Salmonella enterica strains from wild birds collected in 41 US states to examine bacterial resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals. They found that only 1% of isolates were multi-antimicrobial resistant, with all cases isolated from waterbirds or raptors, not songbirds.
Astronomers have identified a nearby Sun-like star that has paused its own cycles and entered a similar period of rare starspots, sparking hope for understanding the Sun's 70-year Maunder Minimum. Continued observation could provide crucial insights into the Sun's stellar magnetic activity, potentially affecting climate on Earth.
A comprehensive literature review found that consuming plant-based alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) rich in walnuts and flaxseeds can lower cardiovascular disease risk by 10% and fatal coronary heart disease risk by 20%. ALA may also benefit heart health when combined with other omega-3s.
A wireless, biodegradable sensor implanted in mice detected dopamine levels and other brain properties, offering potential for real-time monitoring of neural-related conditions. The device is designed to be biodegradable, eliminating the need for future surgeries.
Researchers create a prediction market where AI agents make predictions on hypothetical replication studies, providing explainable and scalable confidence estimates. The system achieved accuracy of approximately 90% in predicting replication outcomes.
A two-year project examines patterns in admissions and enrollment related to widespread adoption of test-optional admissions policies. The study aims to understand how these policies support greater racial and economic diversity in college enrollment.
The study found that while some students felt a sense of loss due to limited access, others saw the challenge as an opportunity to problem-solve and build flexibility. The researchers emphasize the importance of interpersonal relationships and instructors' resources in enhancing educational experiences.
Researchers at Penn State have developed Zentropy theory, a new approach to understanding entropy that can predict anomalies in physical properties like volume. The theory may lead to breakthroughs in designing superconducting materials and structural materials that withstand higher temperatures.
Researchers developed an inhalable vaccine called CoMiP that successfully induces an immune response against COVID-19 in the lungs of mice. The vaccine targets alveolar macrophages and elicits local immunity, potentially blocking SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
A study by Penn State researchers found a direct causal relationship between deforestation and reduced fruit and vegetable consumption in rural Tanzania. The study showed that household vitamin A adequacy decreased over time due to deforestation, exacerbating micronutrient deficiencies.
Researchers led by Joan Richtsmeier are exploring the development of the lower jaw, focusing on Meckel's cartilage and its role in mandibular growth. The study aims to understand how mid-portion of Meckel's cartilage influences mandibular length, mineralization, and disappearance.
A new visual leaf library, developed by a Penn State-led team, provides a resource to help scientists recognize and classify plant leaves. The library contains 30,252 high-resolution images of cleared and fossilized leaves, allowing for rapid searching and comparison.
A team of researchers found that people who purchased environmentally friendly products in the past are likely to continue doing so, but gamification practices did not significantly impact future eco-friendly tendencies. The study explored game-based solutions to increase intrinsic motivations for sustainable practices.
A Penn State-led team of researchers developed a new delivery system that improves the efficiency and lifespan of CRISPR gene-editing tools after delivery into stem cells. The method uses an enzyme called PiggyBac, which enables permanent integration of the editing tools into the cell's genetic code, resulting in 99% of mutated cells b...
Research in Centre County, Pa., finds that behavioral interventions protected local non-student population from COVID-19 cases. Non-student residents experienced fewer cases per capita than neighboring counties due to self-imposed stay-at-home behaviors.
Researchers developed a machine learning method to create controls that balance building energy cost, comfort, and efficiency. The system can compute solutions at a fast pace, reducing the need for complex model predictive controllers.
A new molecular study of grasses reveals a clear picture of their evolutionary relationships, shedding light on the evolution of C4 photosynthesis involved in heat and drought tolerance. The research provides evidence that this type of photosynthesis evolved independently multiple times within different grass lineages.
A new study found that a higher minimum wage was associated with fewer people defaulting on their rent payments, particularly among those at the lower end of the housing expense market. However, landlords responded by increasing rent payments, offsetting some but not all of the increased income.
Researchers have developed wearable sensors that collect data for clinicians while limiting patient discomfort. The sensors use flexible electronics to monitor patients' physical motions and chemical signals in their sweat, skin, and more to help diagnose or inform treatment plans.
A new gas chromatography setup allows scientists to detect small amounts of hydrogen production in promising photocatalysts, enabling the discovery of more efficient materials. The system's affordability and ease of build make it accessible for researchers worldwide.
A Penn State research team developed a machine learning-based framework to detect printing errors during 3D printing of sensitive devices. This innovation enables real-time correction of errors, reducing computational costs and increasing accuracy in the production of electromagnetic components.
Scientists identified 16 compounds that affect SARS-CoV-2 enzymes Mpro and PLpro, which are essential for viral replication. The team found that combining Mpro and PLpro inhibitors has an additive antiviral effect, providing greater inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication. These findings offer hope for developing new COVID-19 treatments t...
A new grant from HEI Energy will allow researchers to explore possible links between fracking and water contaminants in southwestern Pennsylvania. The team will examine over 7,000 water samples for 40 diverse chemical signatures to identify if contaminants originated from the fracking process or legacy resource extraction.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to detect non-uniformities in 2D materials, enabling the creation of new medical sensors that can detect cancer treatment drugs like doxorubicin. The sensor material combines multiple signals from graphene and molybdenum disulfide to accurately measure analyte concentration.
A team of Penn State researchers developed a transparent, biocompatible ultrasound transducer chip for easy cell culture and stimulation. The chip enables high-resolution imaging and reproducible results in stem cell, cancer, and neuroscience research.
Researchers found that longer and hotter roasting conditions can reduce bitterness in unsweetened chocolate, making it more palatable for health-conscious consumers. The study involved 145 participants who evaluated 27 different chocolate samples, with the most acceptable being made from beans roasted at 340°F.
New Penn State research found that the maximum wet-bulb temperature for humans is lower than previously thought, at around 31°C in warm-humid environments. This finding has significant implications for planning and preparing for extreme heat events.
A new study by Penn State researchers found that children do not eat what they dislike, but rather choose to avoid foods they don't like. The study, involving 61 children ages 4-6, revealed a strong correlation between consumption and the foods children said they didn't like.
A recent study published in Breastfeeding Medicine found a genetic mutation in a specific gene associated with perceived inadequate milk supply (PIMS) in women. The researchers identified this mutation, MFGE8, as a key predictor of low milk production and shorter breastfeeding durations. By screening for this mutation combined with mat...
A multi-university team will develop and implement a virtual reality system to create a personalized, collaborative VR platform for use in the classroom. Students will use headsets and hand controls while learning, enabling 3D interactions and simulations.
A new study by Penn State researchers predicts reduced corn production due to climate change, with irrigated yields blunted. Rainfed corn yields are projected to decline up to 40 bushels per acre, while irrigated yields face a 19-bushel-per-acre decline.
A study by Brandi Rollins and Lori Francis found that early positive interactions with caregivers can reduce the risk of childhood obesity. The researchers analyzed data from over 1,000 mother-child pairs and discovered that children's early exposures to family psychosocial assets protect against obesity.
A long-term study of children's insomnia symptoms reveals that many persist into young adulthood and are more likely to develop an insomnia disorder. The research suggests that early intervention is crucial, and behavioral therapies may be effective in addressing chronic sleep issues.
A $3.9 million research project will examine COVID-19's impact on pregnancy, maternal health, and infant development in diverse communities across Pennsylvania. The study aims to identify associations between COVID-19, psychological distress, and long-term maternal health outcomes.
A study found that supermarkets provide the healthiest assortment of foods, followed by grocery stores, while convenience stores have lower availability and higher prices for fruits and vegetables. The research has important implications for regions with high obesity rates and limited access to healthy food options.
Researchers aim to eliminate respirable coal mine dust toxicity with chemical additives, targeting ultrafine particles and quartz. The project will investigate particle surface chemistry and aging effects on toxicity, with potential applications in metal, non-metal mining, and construction.
Researchers have developed two new gene editing methods for ticks, allowing scientists to alter parts of the tick genome involved in harboring and transmitting pathogens. The methods use CRISPR/Cas9 technology and could lead to the development of new control methods for diseases like Lyme disease.
A field study in South Korea has provided valuable tests of photochemical models' ability to represent atmospheric chemistry, especially in polluted environments. The analysis of airborne measurements of hydroxyl radical and other chemical species showed agreement with model values when uncertainties are considered.
Researchers developed a methodology to compress extensive genetic data libraries, reducing their size while preserving essential information.
Prunes have been found to help prevent or delay bone loss in postmenopausal women by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. This is due to their potential to alter the gut microbiome, which can lead to lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative damage.
A nationwide study is exploring how genomic ancestry, genomic variation, and environmental variation interact to produce traits important for forest tree fitness. Researchers are using whole-genome sequencing data with large-scale networks of replicated common garden experiments.
A team of researchers used advanced dating techniques to determine that the subduction of continental material occurred after the obduction of the Samail Ophiolite, contradicting previous estimates. The study provides new insights into subduction zones and their formation.
Engineers from Penn State assessed structural damage and resilience in Mayfield, Kentucky, after the December 2021 Midwest Tornado series. They collected data through door-to-door assessments, drone evaluations, and photographs to understand community recovery and design more resilient structures.
Research by Penn State found that intensive soil tillage can significantly reduce the availability of ergothioneine in crops. Ergothioneine is an amino acid produced by certain fungi and bacteria, which has potent antioxidant properties and is linked to long-term human health.
Researchers are developing novel biomaterials to promote new blood vessel and axon formation after a stroke, aiming to improve neurological conditions. The project targets post-stroke immune response and aims to enhance the healing process.
Research shows that couples who took Family Foundations classes 10 years ago had more positive family relationships during the pandemic. They reported lower levels of negative mood, behavior problems, and sibling conflict in their children.
A team of researchers from Penn State has developed a method to optimize acoustic and structural properties of concrete floor slabs. The study found that shaped structures can improve sound insulation performance while reducing embodied carbon emissions.
Researchers created a stable surface with exceptional points, demonstrating perfect light absorption in a coherent system. The discovery enables the investigation of new physics and potential applications for better sensors and novel ways of controlling light-matter interaction.
Researchers have imaged an enzyme involved in carbapenem biosynthesis, shedding light on the process of creating a potent side chain that makes these antibiotics effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The discovery could lead to improved antibiotics and new strategies for combating bacterial resistance.