Researchers created printable PDMS using a mixture of two polymers, resulting in improved cell adhesion and mechanical properties. The 3D-printed material showed better tensile strength compared to molded or cast PDMS.
Researchers have discovered a way for plants to acquire phosphorus more efficiently by suppressing secondary root growth in favor of primary root growth. This trait allows plants to explore a greater volume of soil and acquire more phosphorus, making it beneficial for farmers growing in nutrient-poor soils.
Researchers found that most babies develop new skills in irregular bursts, while their brain activity grows steadily behind the scenes. This study supports long-standing theories about infant development and provides insight into what's happening beneath the surface.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that women using IVF have similar chances of having a baby with fresh or frozen embryos. The research, involving 2,157 women, showed no significant difference in live birth rates between the two groups.
Researchers describe two poly(A)-binding proteins that protect mRNA from translation in malaria parasites. The non-nuclear protein accumulates on the surface of sporozoites, suggesting a role in interacting with outside RNA and facilitating transmission.
Researchers at Penn State found that melanoma patients who received immunotherapy with beta blockers lived significantly longer than those without, with five years survival rates of 70% vs. 25%. The study suggests reducing physiological stress with beta blockers can improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
Researchers discovered that a parasitic plant called Dodder can silence the expression of genes in its host plants, including those involved in defense against parasites. By targeting specific regions of the gene sequence, Dodder regulates the flow of nutrients to itself while preventing the host from producing defensive proteins.
A team of researchers found that the star's light appears to dim and brighten due to different amounts of dust blocking various wavelengths of light. The study rules out alien megastructures as a cause, but raises the possibility of other phenomena being behind the dimming.
Researchers at Penn State and ETH Zurich have demonstrated the behavior of particles of light in a two-dimensional array of waveguides, matching predictions for the four-dimensional quantum Hall effect. This achievement provides evidence for higher-dimensional quantum Hall physics, with potential applications in novel photonic devices.
A clinical trial found that implanting a shunt or endoscopically reducing intracranial pressure is equally effective in treating hydrocephalus, but endoscopy may have fewer long-term complications. The study also found that children with normal brain development had better outcomes.
Researchers found that when punitive measures from regulatory agencies were followed by help from business support organizations, companies were more likely to stick to voluntary improvement projects. The study analyzed 1,200 environmental improvement recommendations and found a positive correlation between the timing of regulatory act...
Small-holder farmers in Kenya are eager to cultivate croton trees for oil production, animal feed, and organic fertilizer. The study found that most households have croton trees already, and they would be willing to plant more if there's a dedicated market.
A team of researchers has found that cathedral glass transitions to a liquid much faster than previously thought, contradicting the long-held myth that it is thicker at the bottom due to viscosity. The discovery could have significant implications for our understanding of glassy materials and their properties.
Scientists used fluorescent tagging to track movement of two enzymes in glycolytic pathway, revealing that aldolase chemotaxed up the reactant gradient produced by the functioning of the first three enzymes. This suggests a possible role for chemotaxis in enzyme cluster assembly, such as metabolons.
A Penn State research group extended its food safety training program to Armenia, showing significant improvements in students' knowledge, behavior, and attitudes towards food safety. The project aims to replicate the program in Ukraine, Africa, and Latin America to combat global foodborne illness.
Researchers found that father rejection predicted increases in social anxiety, which in turn led to more loneliness in adolescents. Forming good relationships with parents is essential for an adolescent's well-being, with thriving friendships associated with better psychological health and academic performance.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a novel method to create high-resolution and repeatable 3D polymer fiber patterns on nonconductive materials for tissue engineering. This combination of 3D printing and electrospinning enables the growth of complex tissues with seamless structures, potentially replacing expensive donor tissues.
Researchers found that limiting a nutrient used by malaria parasites can prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This ecological approach shows promise for controlling drug resistance in infections like tuberculosis and malaria.
A team of Penn State researchers will assess endocrine-disrupting compounds in the Susquehanna River with citizen scientists. The project aims to empower volunteers to become part of the solution to water-quality problems related to emerging contaminants.
Researchers found that areas recently treated with controlled burns fared better in the 2013 Rim Fire. The best predictor of fire severity was how severe the area last burned, indicating that reducing initial burn severity can limit future fires.
Research found that using technology before bed is associated with less sleep, poorer sleep quality, and higher body mass indexes (BMIs) in children. Children who used devices before bed averaged an hour less of sleep than those who did not.
The $554,000 NSF grant will establish a manufacturing and automation research center at Penn State Behrend, developing hands-on curricula for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics classes in PA, NY, and OH. The center will complement the college's K-12 outreach efforts and Advanced Manufacturing and Innovation Center.
A team of researchers found that frequent e-device users performed less well in a reading comprehension test after reading scientific articles. The study suggests that the way people read on electronic devices can hinder the holistic approach to reading required for understanding science concepts.
A new collaborative engineering project funded by NSF aims to make numerical computation of departure rates and route choice faster, enabling rapid rerouting and diversion. The project uses machine learning to develop statistical models of traffic flow, potentially reducing congestion by seconds, minutes or hours ahead of time.
A preschool program called REDI (Research-based, Developmentally Informed) has been shown to improve executive function skills and academic performance in low-income children. The program focuses on building social and emotional skills, which are critical for learning and classroom engagement.
Research by Penn State found that high school start times after 8:30 a.m. increased the likelihood of teens obtaining eight hours of sleep, benefiting their overall health. Earlier school start times were associated with decreased time in bed and morning wake-up times.
A new study challenges previous estimates of US livestock methane emissions, suggesting a significant discrepancy between top-down and bottom-up approaches. The researchers used a spatially explicit approach to estimate enteric methane emissions for cattle and manure methane emissions for swine and poultry.
Researchers discovered that flies can carry hundreds of different species of bacteria, many of which are harmful to humans. The study found that the legs and wings of flies have the highest microbial diversity.
Researchers at Penn State found that popular cigar brands deliver more nicotine than commonly used cigarettes. The study suggests that small cigars, often perceived as safer alternatives, are just as addictive and harmful. The researchers plan to explore further comparisons between the toxins released by cigars and cigarettes.
The IceCube detector has successfully measured Earth's absorption of high-energy neutrinos, confirming that the planet can block these particles. The study provides insights into neutrino interactions and is consistent with the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
Researchers uncover DNA methylation marks that silence genes in corn, impacting trait expression and breeding. The study improves understanding of non-Mendelian inheritance mechanisms, shedding light on the disappearance of desired traits in crops.
Scientists have successfully created the first continuous-wave lasing in an organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductor, which could be a crucial step towards developing electrically driven devices. By adjusting the material's temperature, they avoided a phenomenon known as lasing death and achieved over an hour of lasing.
Researchers found that certain microRNAs in saliva can accurately identify concussions and predict symptom duration. The study's findings suggest that measuring microRNAs could lead to a more fact-based diagnosis and treatment of concussion patients, ultimately improving care and outcomes.
A study by Penn State researchers found that EMTALA violations are often caused by confusion about the law and conflicting priorities between healthcare professionals. Hospitals may not report suspected violations due to financial pressure, referral burdens, or reluctance to maintain good relationships with other hospitals.
A new US study examines how social identity threat affects religion and finds that highly religious individuals, particularly Christians, feel targeted and experience prejudice. The study reveals that religious minorities like Jews and Muslims also face heightened threat, likely due to prejudice and discrimination.
Researchers found that mushrooms are the highest dietary source of ergothioneine and glutathione, two antioxidants that may protect against oxidative stress and age-related diseases. The amounts of these compounds vary greatly between mushroom species, with porcini being the richest source.
A study on rabbits found that exposure to BPA during pregnancy causes chronic inflammation in the intestines and liver, leading to changes in gut bacteria. This could have long-lasting health effects for the offspring, increasing the risk of obesity and inflammation-promoted diseases like colon cancer and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers developed a high-throughput system to study individual cells infected with a virus, revealing that the antiviral drug is most effective against growing viruses. The study's findings could lead to smarter design of new antiviral drugs by identifying specific factors responsible for different treatment outcomes.
A study led by Penn State researchers found that a fungal parasite controls the behavior of carpenter ants without infecting their brains. The fungus surrounds and invades muscle fibers throughout the ant's body, forming a network to collectively control host behavior.
A Penn State study found that glow sticks can greatly increase amphibian captures by up to six times, making it a more efficient and cost-effective method. The researchers used glow sticks to lure adult salamanders and frogs into traps set in vernal pools, resulting in a significant capture rate.
A study found that Americans largely agree on what makes people feel loved, with small gestures like compassion and snuggling topping the list. Behavioral actions, such as a child snuggling with someone, were seen as more loving than verbal expressions.
Researchers have developed a synthetic material that can absorb light from all directions, making it suitable for antireflective coatings. This material is similar to the brochosomes used by leaf hopper insects to blend in with their backgrounds, allowing them to hide from predators.
Penn State researchers recommend removing electronic devices from bedrooms, establishing bedtime routines, and avoiding bright lights to improve sleep in children and adolescents. The study suggests screen-based media consumption leads to delayed bedtimes, reduced total sleep duration, and negative effects on sleep quality.
Penn State electrical engineers create microchip-based sensors for multiple applications, including motion, temperature, pressure and biochemical sensing, using innovative on-chip glass microspherical shell whispering gallery mode resonators.
Researchers use Hubble Space Telescope to find 'sunscreen snow' on hot giant planet outside solar system, where titanium dioxide condenses into clouds. The discovery sheds light on exoplanet climates and may aid in gauging Earth-size planets' habitability.
Researchers at Penn State create artificial system using DNA-laced hydrogel that releases signaling protein in response to chemical signal. The system, which uses aptamers and double-stranded helical molecules of DNA, can repeat the sequence, releasing proteins until there are no more to release.
Researchers used magnetic tweezers to monitor RNA polymerase enzymes during replication, revealing a new class of antivirals that pause and backtrack the virus' machinery. This understanding can help fine-tune drug design and accelerate approval.
A team of climate scientists found that sea-level rise, not stronger storm surges, will cause future NYC flooding. Rising sea levels could lead to a 50-foot flood height by 2300, with smaller changes in coastal risk if sea-level rise is prevented.
The five-year grant will prepare 18 master's-level scholars in AAC practices to improve services for children, teens, and young adults with complex communication needs. Scholars will develop competencies in evidence-based practices related to instruction, assessment, collaboration, and individualized support.
Researchers discover nearly perfect genetic transmission of the virus from a father to his son, suggesting that HSV-1 may not change much when transmitted between closely related individuals. However, transmission between unrelated hosts may provide an opportunity for greater genetic diversity and potential changes in virulence.