The study found that seven states have adopted their own guideline levels for PFOA and/or PFOS, with three setting levels lower than EPA's health advisory. State guidelines vary dramatically, from 13 nanograms per liter to 1,000 nanograms per liter.
A recent survey in Iceland found that only half of residents evacuated during the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption did so. The researchers argue that a one-size-fits-all approach to evacuations is unlikely to work due to population diversification and changing community dynamics.
Researchers have found that spiral surface patterns on liquid crystal sacs facilitate the delivery of molecules to specific locations within the body. The unique structure of these sacs, with its faceted tetrahedron shape and defects at four vertices, allows for controlled release of substances, enabling potential biomedical applications.
A study published in Molecular Psychiatry found that chronic peer victimization during adolescence can lead to structural changes in the brain, including decreased volume in areas related to anxiety and depression. The research suggests that early intervention may help mitigate these effects.
A study published in Palgrave Communications found a strong negative correlation between median household income and obesity rates in the US. Since 1990, the rise of obesity has been fastest among the poorest regions, with lower-income households facing a higher likelihood of suffering from obesity and diabetes.
A new study optimizes drug dose sizes available, reducing pharmaceutical wastage by as much as 50% in some cases. This can help cut drug manufacturer's costs and make medicines more accessible to patients.
A new study reviews current knowledge on flow processes during shale gas extraction, outlining how pore distribution and geometry affect gas transport. The authors present a model that matches experimental evidence, revealing the impact of rock bottlenecks on gas production.
The journal publishes its first articles on technology, machine learning, waste water treatment, and remote sensing, addressing advances in these areas. All articles will be free to access during the first two years of publication.
Researchers developed a method to simulate fullerene complexes, which can help understand their electron acceptor properties and electrostatic potential energy. The new model provides a better understanding of the relationships between electrons and fullerenes.
A study by Nicolas Campelo found that married men with children, families with married parents, and individuals experiencing depression or loneliness are more likely to remain radicalized. However, women and those with supportive family backgrounds tend to become less radicalized over time.
Physicists have characterised higher energy levels reached by electrons in resonance with positronium ions, a complex three-particle system. The new model provides guidance for experimentalists to observe these resonant structures, potentially leading to breakthroughs in atomic and nuclear physics.
A recent study published in Springer's journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology found that freshwater turtle hatchlings use the sun as their primary navigational cue. When released into a circular field arena with simulated daylight six hours earlier than usual, the turtles shifted their course by approximately 90 degrees.
Researchers investigate turbulence scaling in fluids at critical points, finding anisotropy and compressibility impact scaling behavior. Four types of scaling regimes identified, with anisotropy key to determining emerging behavior.
Researchers found that biological nanopores like alpha-hemolysin and aerolysin can detect sugar chains of different lengths depending on their placement in the pore, not just diameter. Electrical charge and inner pore geometry also play a crucial role in these biosensors
The journal publishes original research, reviews, brief communications, and case reports across various medical fields. All published articles will be freely accessible during the first two years of publication.
A new study by Adrian Hoffmann and Jochen Musch found that people are significantly more prejudiced against women (37%) than initially thought (23%), as indirect questioning methods reveal honest responses. The study suggests that women are more reluctant to express prejudice, possibly due to societal expectations.
Scientists discovered Trissolcus japonicus, a parasitoid wasp, in European apple orchards, which could help control the invasive brown marmorated stink bug. The wasp was found to be highly effective in reducing stink bug densities below economic thresholds.
A review of 28 studies found that bariatric surgery increased testosterone levels and improved erectile function in obese men, but had no impact on sperm parameters. However, nutritional malabsorption may counterbalance these hormonal changes.
Researchers found that cumulative head impact exposure plays a role in the occurrence of concussive injuries in some college football athletes, with 72% experiencing more impacts before the concussion occurred. The study supports policies to limit head impact exposure during training and games.
A study suggests that microdosing psychedelics can improve creative problem-solving abilities by enhancing divergent and convergent thinking. Participants who took a tiny fraction of a normal dose of psychedelic substances showed improved performance on tasks requiring alternative solutions and convergent thinking.
Researchers found that Asian elephants possess numerical skills comparable to those in humans, unaffected by distance, magnitude, or ratios. The study used a touch-panel task to train an Asian elephant named Authai to judge relative quantities, with a success rate of 66.8%.
A new study published in Pediatric Research found that children with asthma growing up in polluted NYC neighborhoods need emergency medical treatment more often. The study suggests that these areas may have other environmental factors affecting urgent asthma treatment.
A study published in Archives of Sexual Behavior found that having sex with an ex does not necessarily hinder breakup recovery. In fact, those who continued to pine after their ex-partner more often sought out sexual activity as a way to foster closeness and connection.
A diet high in omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil may delay the development and spread of breast cancer cells in mice. The study found that these cells took significantly longer to form tumors and grew smaller over time.
A field study found that exposure to eyes increases donations by an average of $0.01 per patron, with a significant increase of $12 per week. The presence of eyes enhances people's reputational concern and motivates self-presentational behaviors.
A study published in Pediatric Research found that babies born to overweight mothers are more likely to develop regulatory problems, including excessive crying and feeding difficulties. The research suggests that prenatal factors, such as maternal weight during early pregnancy, may contribute to these issues.
Physicists develop a new theory to predict complex dynamics of spin procession in materials subjected to ultra-short laser pulses. The approach takes into account internal spin rotation forces, making it applicable to a broader set of magnetic materials.
Numerical simulations show that providing fixed bonuses can encourage people to collaborate for the common good. Incentives like rewards for majority strategies in a group promote cooperation, making the income gap between cooperators and defectors more noticeable.
Archaeologists used Bayesian statistics to integrate multiple clues from medieval village remnants, revealing the site's Chalcolithic and Late Roman periods. The study provides new tools for studying medieval village development and transformation of historical landscapes.
A new study published in Springer's journal Social Psychology of Education reveals that American teachers have become more acceptant of homosexuality in recent years. However, many still hold negative attitudes towards LGBQ students, with a significant portion of educators viewing them unfavorably.
Researchers have developed a way to convert low-intensity infrared beams into high-intensity X-ray beams, enabling ultra-fast probes for molecular dynamics studies. By enhancing higher-order oscillations in laser sources, they achieved attosecond-level resolution, opening the door to new insights into electron behavior.
A study published in the Journal of Behavioral Medicine found that women with shorter days during late pregnancy may be at a higher risk of developing postpartum depression. Exposure to natural light and vitamin D can help alleviate symptoms.
Research shows that modern couples are delaying marriage to focus on paying off student loans and saving. The study highlights how attitudes towards marriage, living together, and debt have changed over two generations, suggesting that debt is becoming a barrier to marriage.
A study found that body mass index (BMI) alone fails to identify preschoolers with excess stomach fat, highlighting the importance of using waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool. The method is easily made and cost-effective, but needs more research for implementation in young children.
A new study elucidates the structure of lactoferrin, a protein that binds tightly to free iron ions to prevent damage to proteins and DNA. The researchers discovered that an amino acid plays a key role in the conformation stability of the protein.
Research suggests that consuming fatty fish during pregnancy can enhance babies' brain function and visual development. The study analyzed 56 mothers and their children, finding that those who ate fish three or more times a week had better test results for visual functioning and maturational changes.
A study found that premature baby boys' brains are affected more severely than girls', with significant sex differences in gray matter and white matter. The research used MRI scans to analyze the brains of 33 infants, showing that even at one year old, there are major sex differences.
Scientists have demonstrated that adding aluminium atoms to active carbon delivery capsules increases the adsorption of chemotherapy drugs, like 5-Fluorouracil, onto targeted delivery devices. This could lead to more effective cancer treatments with fewer side effects by encapsulating chemo drugs into active carbon.
A new study finds that extreme warming could lead to a significant increase in heat-related deaths worldwide, with the risk balanced in cooler regions. If global temperatures rise above 2°C, many parts of the world could experience a dramatic increase in excess mortality due to heat.
A study by Benjamin Trump and his team analyzed over 800 cryptocurrency forks and found a substantial growth in separate blockchains. The researchers believe that stable governance is essential for cryptocurrencies to be adopted for daily financial transactions.
A study by Gemma Scholes and colleagues found that newborn babies with congenital heart disease tend to have significantly enlarged kidneys. This contradicts previous assumptions about organ development in these infants. The type of congenital abnormality also influences kidney size, with some having larger or smaller than normal kidneys.
A genetic study reveals that Asian colobine monkeys have a poor sense of taste, particularly in regards to natural sugars. This is attributed to their diet consisting mainly of leaves, which are easily digestible and fibre-rich, rather than energy-rich fruits containing simple sugars.
A study found that modest reductions in age-adjusted, county-level death rates could have swung key US states to Secretary Clinton. Counties with higher Republican votes had higher age-adjusted death rates and increased deaths of despair.
Researchers developed a new model explaining the interactions between small copper clusters and water molecules in producing molecular hydrogen. The study shows that copper-water complexes synthesized in ultra-cold helium nanodroplets can catalyze hydrogen production.
Scientists find that DNA and RNA have memory properties, with two stable states, making them suitable for storing data. The minimum electric field required for switching is inversely proportional to the ratio of topological polar surface area to total surface area.
A study analyzed 50 top-grossing US films and found that women are now more often cast as characters holding positions of power. Despite this improvement, women are still under-represented on screen. The researchers also found that female lead characters were more likely to hold high-ranking positions and display physical aggression.
A group of international researchers calls for a comprehensive transformation of food systems to meet the Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement on climate. The proposed four-pillar strategy prioritizes nutritious food access, sustainable agriculture, climate change mitigation, and rural renaissance.
A study on Reddit comments reveals that most single men wanted a relationship, but struggled with social skills such as flirting and confidence. The analysis identified 43 reasons, including poor looks, lack of effort, and mental health issues.
New research shows that families supporting a child through college are more likely to experience foreclosure during economic downturns. The study found a significant correlation between higher education costs and increased household financial risk during the Great Recession.
Pediatricians in a telemedicine service face difficulties diagnosing from a distance, managing patients' expectations, and working alone. To overcome these challenges, they use intuition, experience, and protocols, highlighting the need for special skills and training.