Researchers propose a refined approximation of the photo-excitation equation that describes the effect of photons on rhodopsin protein in eyes. The study has implications for other molecules, like azobenzene, and demonstrates tunnelling process to populate excited states.
Chinese researchers have improved the adenine base editing (ABE) system to generate mouse or rat models for human genetic disorders, such as DMD and Pompe disease. The ABE system allows for efficient alteration of genetic codes with minimal undesired outcomes, making it a promising technology for therapeutic applications.
A new study published in Springer's journal Sex Roles found that women who make hateful remarks on social media are more likely to be flagged and judged severely. Women's reactions to hate speech are also less accepted than those made by men, highlighting the need for online moderators to be sensitive to gender stereotypes.
Researchers observed red-fronted lemurs in Madagascar chewing on millipedes to rid themselves of intestinal parasites. The animals then rubbed the area around their genitals, anuses, and tails with the chomped millipedes to treat conditions like itching and weight loss.
A new study by researchers from the University of South Carolina shows that US counties with a history of lynching events have higher contemporary mortality rates for both white and black populations. The study found significant associations between past lynchings and increased mortality rates, especially among African American females.
Researchers confirm that pigeons rely on familiar smells to find their way home, not artificial odors. A study published in Journal of Comparative Physiology A found that pigeons exposed to natural environmental odorants performed significantly better at homing.
Research shows that dogs that remain calm and exhibit empathy during their owner's distress help out faster. Therapy dogs performed as well as other dogs in opening doors, highlighting the importance of traits like obedience over human-animal bonding.
A study found that patients are given little time to explain their concerns before being interrupted by doctors. Primary care doctors tend to interrupt less than specialists, who may skip the introductory step due to familiarity with the condition. The pressure to rush consultations affects patient-centered care.
A collection of 40 personal accounts from women chemists in academia provide inspiration to future generations, highlighting the barriers women face in academia. The book aims to raise awareness and inspire female students to consider an academic career in science.
A new analysis reveals that lobbyists spent over $2 billion on influencing climate-related legislation in the US Congress between 2000 and 2016. The electrical utilities sector and fossil fuel companies dominated climate lobbying efforts, with spending peaking at $362 million in 2009.
Research by Maria Cristina Morales found that first- and second-generation Latinos are more likely to be questioned about their citizenship status than those who have been living in the US for longer. This phenomenon, known as citizenship profiling, highlights the disproportionate surveillance of Latino immigrants and their children.
An analysis of Ashley Madison user data found that conservative voters were more likely to use an adultery dating website, while liberal Democrats were least likely. The study, published in Springer's Archives of Sexual Behavior, suggests a discrepancy between reported and actual behavior on sexual matters.
The cosmological constant was first introduced by Einstein in 1917 to make the static universe model work. However, after the discovery of cosmic expansion, it became marginalized until recent observations and experiments revived its relevance as a key component of dark energy theory.
Physicists develop mathematical formula to approximate magnetic field circulation around a closed path or loop, based on Biot-Savart's law. The study provides a new approach to evaluate the effects of magnetic fields on human health and prevent exposure.
A new study led by Leah Halper of Ohio University found that men who sexually harass subordinates do so because they feel threatened and insecure, fearing negative evaluation. This insecurity prompts them to undermine their subordinate's position in the social hierarchy.
A new quantum secret-sharing scheme prevents eavesdropping in noisy environments, improving the fidelity of encrypted messages. The scheme exploits the properties of entangled particles to enhance secret transmission.
Research suggests that men will purchase more expensive engagement rings when imagining themselves with an attractive woman, while women prioritize larger rings with their less attractive partner. Women who rate themselves as physically attractive also opt for pricier rings.
Insectivorous birds consume between 400 and 500 million metric tonnes of insects per year, mainly beetles, flies, and other arthropods. This helps keep plant-eating insect populations under control, supporting forest ecosystems.
Chad Mirkin and Lei Jiang are honored with the fifth Nano Research Award for their groundbreaking work in nanoscience and technology. The award recognizes their significant contributions to the field, including Mirkin's development of dip-pen nanolithography and Jiang's research on intelligent materials and devices.
A new study investigates the extremely rapid changes in electron density in specific sites of the caffeine molecule using ultra-fast laser pulses. The results show that positive charge migration along a molecular backbone depends on the timing and interplay of ionisation channels.
Researchers found a circle-type structure within Bitcoin transactions, revealing hidden communities of interconnected owners. A small fraction of users holds the majority of the network's wealth.
A new study reveals how proteins with mixed electrical charges influence membrane crossing, shedding light on their multiple functions and disease mechanisms. The research focuses on Intrinsically Disordered Proteins, which can take on various shapes due to electric charge disorder.
Researchers found evidence of coalitional play fighting among hunter-gatherer societies, suggesting it was a universal feature of human psychology. This type of play involved coordinated action and non-lethal physical force, mirroring skills used in lethal raiding.
Researchers identified exosomes as the main vehicle for spreading toxic proteins that trigger Alzheimer's Disease. Exosomes carrying oligomer amyloid-beta facilitate brain cell death, and their measurement could serve as a diagnostic tool.
The International Journal on Child Maltreatment will publish research on prevention, control and mitigation of child abuse and neglect. The journal aims to present innovative programs and policies for enhancing children's safety and wellbeing.
Researchers found female nipple sizes vary significantly due to functional use in breastfeeding, contradicting previous claims. The study's findings support the idea that highly variable features result from weak evolutionary selection.
Dogs use different parts of their brains to process negative and positive emotions cued by human facial expressions. They show increased heart rate and stress when exposed to angry or fearful faces, but not surprised ones.
A new model examines the relative role of random interactions between individuals in a crowd compared to interactions stemming from their eagerness to be on their way. The study reveals that internal interactions between pedestrians can be negligible, and external factors such as crowd pressure drive the flow of people toward exits.
A new model of nanometric square material's changing magnetic state could be the basis for future ultrahigh density data storage. By controlling the interactions between individual nanomagnets, researchers aim to improve data storage in electronic and medical applications.
A team of mathematical physicists has developed a new theoretical calculation that predicts new possible states for quantum particles that have received a photon. These states are distinct from conventional coherent states and can be applied to various models satisfying shape-invariance conditions.
Researchers from Sun Yat-sen University have identified gold nanoparticles in two plant species, B. nivea and E. Canadensis, collected from their natural environments. The particles were found to be similar in characteristics to artificial ones, suggesting they may have been absorbed through plant pores directly.
A study published in Pediatric Research found that parents who use digital devices to escape their child's bad behavior are making it worse. The 'technoference' can lead to more frustration, hyperactivity and tantrums in children, as well as increased stress for parents.
A recent study found that up to seven percent of patients develop a persistent habit after being prescribed opioids following surgery. To address this issue, experts recommend enhanced care coordination between surgeons and primary care physicians to identify patients at risk of developing opioid addiction.
Despite recent drops in HIV diagnoses across all US populations, African-Americans continue to be overrepresented among those diagnosed with HIV. The disparity has worsened, with Black males being 8.4 times more likely to be diagnosed than whites.
Researchers have developed a method to analyze electron flow in graphene nanoribbons using a simplified physics model. This approach uses a matching method to calculate transmission properties of electrons through the junction.
A new study found that men with higher levels of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) had weaker religious ties. The research analyzed data from over 1000 men and suggests that physiological factors, such as hormones, may play a role in shaping religiosity later in life.
A new study by Maziar Heidari and colleagues introduces an adaptive resolution simulation technique that couples accurate models with simpler, idealized representations of solids. This approach enables efficient computation of thermodynamic properties at a reduced computational cost.
A new study found that children and adolescents exposed to environmental risks like urbanization, abuse, or substance use are more likely to become violently aggressive adults. The research, led by Hannelore Ehrenreich, suggests epigenetic changes may play a role in this development.
A study published in Springer's journal Memory & Cognition found that men tend to take shortcuts and navigate more efficiently than women in known environments. Women, on the other hand, follow learned routes and are more likely to wander, leading to slower navigation times.
Computational statistical mechanics was born from numerical models of fluids developed in the 1950s, initially as a pet project by physicists. These Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations were later confirmed through clever applications of importance sampling, proving reliable evidence for describing matter.
A team of physicists has calculated the size of scale-free and small-world networks, which have six degrees of separation. This method can be applied to modeling complex networks and predicting their capacity to tolerate faults.
Scientists have developed a way to alter external factors like voltage to control the transport of molecules through biological channels. The study, published in EPJ E, shows that applying an electric current can overcome energy barriers and facilitate molecule transfer.
New research reveals that young people in the US are increasingly choosing marijuana as their first drug, with a significant increase in use over the past decade. Young men from specific racial and ethnic groups are particularly affected.
A recent study published in Springer's Archives of Sexual Behavior suggests that older adults who engage in regular intimate activities and emotional closeness do not experience a slower rate of cognitive decline compared to those who are less active. However, this relationship is only observed on short-term memory tests, not over time.
A US survey found that four in ten transgender respondents suffered from depression, while one in ten tried to commit suicide. The study highlights the need for transgender-inclusive healthcare providers to address these challenges and improve mental and physical health outcomes.
A study published in Evolutionary Psychological Science found that women prioritize practical qualities over flashy displays of wealth when evaluating potential partners. Men who conspicuously display their wealth are perceived as less committed to long-term relationships and more interested in short-term sex.
Physicists develop new method for compressing non-neutral plasma to achieve ten-fold reduction in antiproton cloud radius. The study enhances low-energy antimatter research and charged particle traps.
A study of dual job holders found that they do not prioritize one job over the other and demonstrate high levels of work engagement and performance. However, this often leads to increased work-family conflict due to time spent away from home.
Researchers have developed Tumorcode, an open-source software that assembles multiple models to simulate tumor growth. The software allows for the study of topological and functional aspects of tumors, relevant for therapeutic treatments.
A study found that curiosity is a small but significant contributor to academic achievement in kindergarten-age children. Children from lower socio-economic backgrounds may particularly benefit from fostering their curiosity as an alternative intervention strategy.