A new study estimates the potential cancer risk by age group for non-dietary ingestion and dermal exposure to third hand tobacco smoke. The results indicate potentially severe long-term consequences, particularly to children, with cancer risks exceeding EPA recommendations in three-quarters of smokers' homes.
Researchers analyzed amino acids in shell beads to determine their origin, revealing a locally sourced alternative to the Mediterranean thorny oyster. The study uses a multidisciplinary approach, combining techniques from archaeology, chemistry, and physics.
Researchers from the University of York have provided new information on how LPMOs work, enabling the degradation of hard-to-digest biomass into its constituent sugars. This breakthrough aims to improve second-generation biofuel production by fermenting cellulose into bioethanol.
Researchers at the University of York have developed a sensitive test to detect neurological changes before degeneration occurs. The technique, which uses fruit flies, has shown promise in reducing visual signals and preventing abnormal changes.
Researchers found that European birds are expanding their ranges into UK nature reserves, but non-native wetland birds such as the Black Swan and Egyptian Goose are also invading protected areas. The study highlights the importance of conservation efforts to tackle these invasions and protect native species.
Researchers developed a new approach to measure the sensitivity of aquatic invertebrates to pesticides, revealing that different species respond differently to toxicants. The study focused on three pesticides, diazinon, imidacloprid, and propiconazole, which showed varying levels of toxicity among shrimps and snails.
Scientists at the University of York studied how Staphylococcus aureus attaches to human blood proteins fibronectin and fibrinogen. The research reveals how binding of these proteins cooperates to cause life-threatening infections, including infective endocarditis.
Researchers at the University of York discovered that breast cancer cells use a process similar to brain development to metastasize. Blocking sodium channels inhibits migration and invasiveness, making them a potential therapeutic target.
Researchers challenge traditional views on Neanderthal childhood by finding strong emotional attachments and social relationships within their group. They also discovered children played a key role in symbolic expression and were cared for until sick or injured for extended periods.
Researchers at the University of York and University of Leeds have developed a mathematical model that explains the molecular mechanisms behind virus assembly. The discovery opens up possibilities for the development of anti-viral therapies and could help treat diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C, Norovirus, and the Common Cold.
Researchers have shown that tensile strain can lift topological order and compressive strain can shift the Dirac point in Bi2Se3 films, enhancing or destroying Dirac states. This breakthrough suggests new ways to control TI electronic properties by applying stress.
Researchers from the University of York have created a new class of magnetic materials and devices with improved performance and power efficiency. The breakthrough uses all-optical thermally induced magnetic switching (TIMS) to change the magnetic state of the material, reducing energy consumption.
Advanced DNA sequencing technologies have improved the accuracy of measuring inbreeding in wild populations. The study revealed that inbred individuals were more likely to suffer from lung parasite infection, highlighting a potential bigger problem than previously thought.
Researchers discovered a 'microbial Pompeii' in ancient dental calculus, revealing opportunistic pathogens and periodontal disease-causing bacteria. The study also recovered dietary DNA, providing insights into ancient diets and the origins of antibiotic resistance.
A recent study has found that European beavers have low genetic diversity due to human hunting. The research, led by University of York Professor Michi Hofreiter, analyzed ancient and modern DNA to show that the beaver population was heavily impacted by expanding human populations over thousands of years.
Researchers developed chemical agents that bind and potentially remove the anti-coagulant heparin, improving patient care. The system is biodegradable, reducing the risk of side effects.
Scientists at the University of York have developed hemp plants with dramatically increased oleic acid content, making them attractive for cooking oil production. The new oil profile has a longer shelf life and greater heat tolerance, opening up industrial applications.
Scientists have discovered how the prostate gland develops for the first time, identifying 80 genes and a signalling pathway involved in its growth. The finding provides potential targets for new therapies to combat common prostate diseases, including prostate cancer.
A survey of policy makers and scientists found that US water supply availability is the top priority for natural resource management. The study, published in BioScience, ranked questions on water supply necessary for human populations and ecosystem resilience as the most important.
A study by the University of York found that British people traveling abroad for medical treatment often lack understanding of potential consequences, including catastrophic outcomes. The research highlights the need for better information and advice to mitigate these risks.
A new study reveals Herdwicks contain a 'primitive genome' from ancient founder flocks in Sweden, Finland, and the Orkney Islands. The research also found that these breeds have lower risk of infection to Maidi Visna virus, providing potential genetic traits for future sheep farming.
Researchers at the University of York have discovered how one group of gut bacteria, Bacteroidetes, digest complex sugars found in fruits and vegetables. This understanding sheds light on nutritional issues like prebiotics and probiotics.
Researchers have discovered Leishmania parasites reproduce sexually in wild sand flies, leading to a better understanding of the disease's spread. This breakthrough sheds light on how the parasite becomes genetically adapted for successful transmission by sand flies, resulting in human disease.
A study by University of York and Cardiff University found that some families prefer euthanasia by sedation to withholding or withdrawing treatment for loved ones in a permanent vegetative state. The research highlights the need for ethical consideration of alternative options, such as lethal injections, to reduce suffering.
A new study finds that butterflies can expand their ranges in northern England and Scotland as the climate warms. However, this expansion is only possible for species with stable or increasing population trends, highlighting the importance of conservation efforts to boost abundances within current ranges.
New research by Dr Rob Jenkins and Christie Kerr uses high-resolution passport-style photographs to recover faces of bystanders from reflections in the eyes of photographic subjects. The recovered images can be identified accurately, even at low resolution, highlighting human face recognition's robustness.
A new study finds that cone snail species are under increasing threat of extinction, with 67 species currently threatened or near-threatened worldwide. The loss of these creatures could rob future generations of an undiscovered reservoir of powerful neurotoxins used in life-saving drugs.
Researchers at the University of York have discovered a family of enzymes that can degrade difficult-to-digest biomass into its constituent sugars. This breakthrough enables the production of second-generation biofuels from sustainable sources such as waste plant matter, potentially alleviating food price stability concerns and increas...
An international team of scientists aims to develop Heusler alloy films as a cost-effective alternative to Iridium in spin electronic devices. The project, funded by the European Commission and Japanese Science and Technology Agency, seeks to address the growing scarcity and price increase of Iridium.
Researchers have reconstructed 'missing' global temperatures using a combination of satellite and surface data, revealing that the Arctic is warming rapidly. The new study suggests that the rate of warming since 1997 has been two and a half times greater than previously estimated.
Research reveals morphological and genetic evidence for cattle management in north-eastern China around 10,000 years ago. The discovery of an ancient cattle jaw with unique wear patterns and genetic signatures suggests that humans may have started domesticating cows in more regions than previously believed.
A team of researchers challenges widely-held assumptions about the growth of medical tourism, citing a lack of credible data and regional factors. They argue that historical flows between countries, cultural relations, and geo-political factors drive medical tourism, rather than global market opportunities.
Researchers used electron microscopy techniques to study metallic nanoparticles' reaction with environment, finding oxidation occurs much faster due to strain introduced by size. The discovery improves understanding of nanoparticles' applications in clean fuel technologies, data storage, and catalysis.
Researchers studied coral skeletons at the nanoscale, revealing three distinct regions formed daily. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for protecting coral reefs from acidification and rising temperatures.
Researchers from the University of York and St Andrews have created a new structure called a quasi-random structure, which combines the advantages of quasi-crystals with periodic structures to achieve highly efficient broad-band light trapping in thin films.
An international team of scientists has provided proof of Heisenberg's error-disturbance relation, describing a reciprocal relation between position accuracy and momentum disturbance. The work has important implications for quantum cryptography and computing, reaffirming the security of quantum-encrypted messages.
A study by University of York scientists has found that wild chimpanzees produce alarm calls intentionally to warn others of danger, similar to human language. The research suggests that language may have originated from a multimodal vocal-gestural communication system.
A 14-year study in the Parc National des Écrins reveals human occupation and activity from Mesolithic to Post-Medieval periods, with complex Bronze Age structures and evidence of pastoralism. The research highlights the role of climate and human activity in shaping Alpine landscapes.
A study by researchers at the University of York found that combining acupuncture or counselling with usual care improved depression symptoms in patients after three months. The study showed significant reductions in average depression scores for both acupuncture and counselling interventions, but not between the two groups.
A recent study by the University of York found that copper bracelets and magnetic wrist straps offer no meaningful benefits for patients with active rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. Participants who wore these devices reported no significant improvements in pain, swelling, or disease progression compared to a placebo.
Researchers from the University of York and Czech institutions discovered five new species of Vesper bats in Senegal, showcasing unexpected genetic diversity. The discovery confirms that West Africa may represent a bio-geographic hotspot with many more species to discover.
Researchers at the University of York found that small chemical changes to dietary flavonoids significantly impact the production of inflammatory mediators. The study demonstrates the importance of a molecule's shape in its recognition by immune cells, paving the way for designing new drugs and immunomodulators.
Early Neolithic and pre-Neolithic hunter-gatherers used spices for flavor, challenging the traditional view that plants were exploited solely for energy requirements. Garlic mustard, with its strong flavor but little nutritional value, was identified as a primary spice in European prehistoric cuisine.
A three-year study found that female blue tits with brighter UV-reflectant crown feathers fledge more offspring than duller females, experiencing lower levels of stress hormones during arduous periods of chick rearing. This suggests that male choice of mate based on plumage color may be a wise strategy.
Research found that during extreme heat, plants' ozone absorption is curtailed, leading to increased air pollution and up to 20 days of ozone levels above safety threshold. This can result in thousands of premature deaths, mostly among people with respiratory diseases.
A study published in International Journal of Drug Policy found a significant increase in cannabis psychosis hospital admissions following cannabis reclassification in 2009. The study challenges the government's claim that stronger forms of cannabis cause mental health problems.
Researchers at the University of York have developed a new technology allowing them to observe and analyze single atoms in dynamic experiments under realistic conditions. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding reactions in physical sciences, medicine, and energy sources.
Researchers found that earthworms retain a memory of temperature in calcite granules, offering a new method to reconstruct past climates. This discovery has the potential to enhance and benchmark climate change models.
A study from the University of York found that antimicrobial copper touch surfaces in intensive care units reduce bioburden by >90% and associated with a 58% reduction in healthcare-associated infections. The cost-effectiveness analysis predicts rapid return on investment, saving hospitals millions over five years.
African birds use protected areas as stepping stones to survive amidst climate and environmental changes, according to a new study. The research found that protected areas are becoming increasingly valuable as land degradation exerts pressures elsewhere.