Articles tagged with Systems Biology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new report provides guidance for monitoring adverse events from dietary supplements, recommending a user-friendly approach and standardized questionnaire to detect and prioritize signals. The report aims to enhance the likelihood of identifying true adverse effects and improve the effectiveness of postmarket surveillance systems.
A new algorithm system has significantly reduced the breast augmentation re-operation rate to 3% in a seven-year study. The algorithms help determine the right implant and procedure for each patient, improving patient safety and satisfaction.
A Loyola study found that drug-coated stents significantly reduced inflammatory response compared to bare-metal stents, resulting in fewer cases of renarrowing. The new stent uses a polymer to deliver medication that inhibits excessive cell growth, reducing the risk of complications.
The Max Planck Partner Institute in China will focus on computational biology, training young researchers, and collaborating with Chinese universities. The institute aims to integrate cutting-edge research competencies from both German and Chinese sides.
Researchers have developed a new device that can repair severe mitral valve regurgitation through a minimally invasive procedure, reducing symptoms and improving heart function. Preliminary results show favorable outcomes, with patients experiencing significant reductions in hospital stay and complications.
A study found that 83% of physicians reported delays in reviewing test results, which can jeopardize patient safety and satisfaction. Physicians also identified tools to help manage test results, such as generating result letters and tracking test orders.
Researchers are studying the impact of electronic medical records on patient care for diabetes patients in Cleveland. The study aims to improve decision-making and outcomes by providing real-time alerts and decision-support tools for physicians.
The U.Va. Health System's new TomoTherapy system provides precise radiation therapy with 3-D imaging, reducing high-dose exposure to healthy tissue and potential side effects for cancer patients. The technology also enables faster treatment times and improved accuracy in targeting tumors.
Patients with dementia face significant barriers to optimal care, including lack of education, poor prognostic tools, and conflicting financial incentives. The authors propose solutions, such as improved hospice access, better quality-assessment tools, and changes in the healthcare system.
Researchers discovered that flies have two activity peaks due to dual circadian clocks, one governing morning activity and the other evening. The studies revealed that specific groups of neurons, including ventral lateral and dorsal lateral neurons, govern these peaks.
Researchers developed an image translation system to bridge the gap between advanced diagnostic techniques and radiation treatment planning systems. The system facilitates biological optimization planning, using information about cancer cell location and density to deliver escalated doses of radiation.
The Harris SAFE System is a minimally invasive technology that improves the field of hair restoration by allowing virtually all patients to undergo hair transplantation. The system reduces pain, healing time, and scarring, while also increasing transplant efficiency and potentially driving down costs.
The CHICA system combines patient-relevant pediatrics guidelines with family information to enable tailored care. Pediatricians receive customized clinical reminders, improving health outcomes for 55,000 patients in its first year.
A study found that highly dense breasts are associated with a higher risk of second breast cancer in women who have had ductal carcinoma in situ. Women with dense breast tissue also face a greater risk of invasive and ipsilateral breast cancer.
Researchers analyzed claims for over 1.2 million North Carolina Medicaid enrollees between 1998 and 2000, finding a 22.8% annual rise in prescription drug costs due to increased prescribing of six new medications. The study suggests improving cost-effective prescribing practices to control rising expenditures.
The study will screen 5,000 patients in five adult primary care practices using the PatientSite portal. Patients who report pain, depression, or difficulty walking will receive additional information and recommendations, while those in the control group will receive usual care.
The SimBioS Center will enable biologists to integrate, analyze, and model data on human health and disease using innovative software programs. The center aims to bring high-quality physical modeling capabilities to all biologists, addressing key challenges in simulating living systems from individual atoms to entire organisms.
A recent study found that Blacks and Hispanics were less likely than whites to receive care in outpatient settings, highlighting disparities in healthcare access. The researchers identified various factors contributing to these disparities, including mistrust of the medical system and unequal access to health insurance and providers.
Researchers explore how prosthetic legs can be tailored to improve mobility and comfort for amputees. Studies examine the impact of different shoes, sock liners, and physical activities on residual limb soft tissue damage and overall health outcomes.
The Center for Quantitative Biology aims to tackle complex biological questions using advanced computing, microscopy, and gene chips. It will train future research leaders through a new undergraduate and graduate curriculum.
Researchers analyzed the fruit fly's circadian rhythm to understand its complex dynamic behavior and hierarchical control scheme. They found that the system's architecture determines robustness and fragility, shedding light on how disease can be a failure of a robust biological system.
A meta-analysis found that cardiac resynchronization therapy improved the quality of life of people with heart failure, while a cost-effectiveness study showed it costs $90,000 per quality-adjusted life-year saved. Guidelines for follow-up colonoscopies were also criticized for being too often performed.
Researchers studied fossil whales and found significant changes in their ear anatomy, which enabled them to transition from a land-based to a marine-based existence. The new sound transmission system allowed modern cetaceans to locate prey using echolocation, making it crucial for survival.
The Hyperspectral Imaging Endoscope (HSIE) system uses spectral images to detect cancerous cells without removing tissue, offering a non-contact method of gaining information about an area. The system achieved good correlations with pathologists' diagnoses and could guide biopsy or establish true diagnostic value in future stages.
The project aims to advance scientific research against bioterrorism agents and emerging infectious diseases through a unified proteomics data management system. The system will store proteomics information from six Proteomics Research Centers, providing free public access and enabling direct queries.
A study of error reports from primary care offices found that two-thirds of treatment and diagnosis mistakes were caused by communication errors. Researchers suggest focusing on management systems to enhance information quality rather than improving clinical judgment.
The CryoCor system, developed by CryoCor of San Diego, has shown a 98% overall treatment success rate in international clinical trials. The technology uses ultracold temperatures to block abnormal electrical signals causing arrhythmia, providing a potential cure for the condition.
Researchers found that different snow conditions affect the dynamics of the Canadian lynx. The study showed that surface hardness, determined by warm winter spells, influences how deep the lynx sinks in the snow, impacting its ability to prey on snow hares.
The study shows that 3D MDCT angiography can quickly diagnose vascular injuries and fractures, reducing the need for X-ray examinations. It also helps identify musculoskeletal masses and their associated vasculature, facilitating preoperative planning and minimizing hemorrhagic complications.
Researchers propose using plain language and better organization to present Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) to pilots. This could help reduce confusion and improve flying efficiency, leading to increased safety for pilots and passengers.
Researchers developed a 'Wireless Health Outcomes Monitoring System' (WHOMS) that enables doctors to send short questionnaires to patients via mobile phone, reducing the need for printed questionnaires. The system aims to improve doctor-patient communication and prioritize patients in serious need.
A study of 19,537 patients found that those taking cholesterol-lowering drugs statins before admission had better hospital outcomes than non-statin users. Meanwhile, researchers discovered limited information on the effectiveness of bioterrorism surveillance systems in detecting illnesses and emerging infections.
A UCSF physician argues that blanket screenings can compromise quality patient care, particularly for elderly patients with severe illnesses. She advocates for a more targeted approach to screening, considering a patient's prognosis and preferences.
A study published in EMBO Journal found that resveratrol, a compound in grape skins, can starve cancer cells by inhibiting the action of NF-kB. This inhibition leads to apoptosis, or cell death, in cancer cells. Resveratrol's effectiveness against cancer is linked to its ability to block NF-kB's inflammatory response.
The study, led by Shin'ya Nishida, utilized the multi-slit viewing illusion and found that pattern perception is more impaired by a mask or adaptation stimulus moving in the same direction as the pattern. Observers can see fine spatial components that are theoretically impossible to recover without motion information.
A unique computer system developed at the University of Michigan Health System reduces risks while improving patient care quality and continuity. The Discharge Navigator system automates information transfer, streamlines handoffs, and enhances patient education and satisfaction.
Researchers found that patients with greater trust in their specialists report higher satisfaction, adherence, and lower likelihood of changing physicians. Trust was also linked to patient involvement in decision-making and quality of communication.
A new CAD system has been shown to detect 77% of computer-identified false positives, leading to more accurate polyp detection. The technology holds promise for increasing widespread colon cancer screening due to its ability to significantly reduce the difficulty and time required for exam interpretation.
A new biopsy system has been shown to be effective in completely removing benign breast masses as large as 3 cm, with minimal pain and discomfort. The procedure takes around 20-40 minutes and compares favorably to traditional surgical procedures.
Yahr's discovery of the type III secretion system in P. aeruginosa and its virulence factors holds promise for new vaccine candidates and treatments for patients with cystic fibrosis and AIDS.
New prosthetic fitting system offers improved match for knee arthritis patients, while researchers find nearly 80% of patients satisfied with brace treatment. Meanwhile, studies on traumatic brain injury research reveal legal and ethical concerns, as well as effective wound healing methods using electrical stimulation.
The joint program aims to expand technical capabilities in systems biology by combining ISB's instrumentation expertise with PNNL's computational powers. Current collaborations include protein structure prediction and whole proteome analysis, with potential applications in disease diagnosis and prevention.
A team of scientists found that a single genetic mutation in the BBS4 protein can cause complex disorders like obesity, diabetes, and retinal degeneration. The researchers discovered that the mutation affects microtubule function, which is essential for cellular division and cell death.
A new electronic relationship between physicians and patients will enable seamless sharing of knowledge, responsibility, and decision-making. The growth of electronic communication options offers opportunities for enhanced doctor-patient relationships, increased patient safety, and improved healthcare outcomes.
The editorial critiques tropical medicine's focus on external solutions, emphasizing the importance of local voices and transparent research. It highlights concerns about undemocratic supranational agencies and corporations, as well as the need to put research at the heart of policy development.
A study by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center found that most interactions between prescription medications and dietary supplements are not serious, affecting approximately 94% of patient population. Healthcare providers should continue to inquire about supplement use to consider potential interactions.
A new transdermal system, E-TRANS fentanyl PCTS, has been shown to be as effective as traditional IV pumps for post-surgical pain relief. The system delivers pain medication through the skin with a low-level electric current and can be used for patients with moderate to severe post-operative pain after various surgeries.
The study found that the UNOS rule change reduced transplant gaming behavior, but the competitive nature of organ allocation still poses a risk. By dividing patients into three status levels and requiring recertification, the new rules have made it more difficult for hospitals to exaggerate their patients' conditions.
The new center will integrate basic molecular and cellular research with advanced imaging technologies and computational science to understand complex biological systems. This collaboration aims to develop computer models of entire cells, revolutionizing drug development and reducing costs.
The gift will establish a comprehensive center utilizing information technology to connect basic research and biological systems analysis. This will enable scientists to build on recent scientific developments, gain insights into biological function in health and diseases.
A recent editorial by Ralph Snyderman emphasizes the importance of clinical research in advancing healthcare. The key element needed to define and monitor effective health strategies is clinical research, including translating basic scientific findings into medical treatments and evaluating patient outcomes.
Researchers have developed a portable cooling system that weighs just several pounds and can detect chemical and biological toxins using miniature sensors. These devices use microchannels to enhance heat transfer or chemical reactions, enabling better process control and overall miniaturization of systems.
The study found that nonspecific clinical diagnosis, unreliable testing methods, and communication issues hindered effective diagnosis of pertussis during the outbreak. Despite these challenges, the epidemic was successfully managed without deaths reported.
Penn scientists use gene-transfer technology to insert extra MRSA into cells, leading to increased protection against oxidative stress and potential treatment for diseases related to aging and the heart. The study's findings suggest that boosting MSRA levels may prevent cell apoptosis and treat disease.
A report by Dr. Simpson and Denise Dougherty highlights the need for pediatricians and parents to collaborate on improving children's health care, focusing on quality indicators and evidence-based practice. The authors recommend creating an information technology system to track health care indicators and provide better care for children.
A study found that medical students lack sufficient training in critical skills like communication and interviewing, while another study showed course directors vary in teaching chronic care preparedness. To address these gaps, a new course at Johns Hopkins aims to improve patient-physician communication.
Physicians play a key role in improving patient safety by developing and implementing safety improvements, says study. The current medical liability system prioritizes capping malpractice awards over patient safety, contributing to unnecessary procedures and rising healthcare costs.
H. Steven Wiley and colleagues use systems biology to analyze the EGFR receptor network, revealing surprising complexities. They predict that lower-affinity ligands can bind longer, allowing for more effective cancer treatments.
A recent study found that efalizumab, a new biologic drug, significantly improves psoriasis symptoms and quality of life for adult patients. The treatment reduced the frequency and severity of itching and scaling, offering a potential breakthrough for those suffering from this chronic skin condition.
CPOE reduces medical errors by improving communication and order tracking, but its use is hindered by implementation difficulties. Silent errors occur due to system design disconnects, including data entry and retrieval issues, and loss of face-to-face interactions.