Articles tagged with Risk Assessment
A study from Chalmers University of Technology found that the production and use of ammonia as a marine fuel can lead to eutrophication, acidification, and emissions of potent greenhouse gases. Researchers warn that the pursuit of low-carbon fuels may create new environmental challenges.
Researchers found that Black women who develop high blood pressure before age 45 are twice as likely to suffer a stroke. The study, presented at the American Stroke Association’s International Stroke Conference 2024, highlights the disparity in stroke rates among Black and white women.
People with stroke mimics are at a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than those with confirmed strokes. Researchers found that patients with stroke mimics experience significant psychological distress and increased cardiovascular health risks.
A machine learning technique called LASSO was used to analyze blood samples from six countries, identifying seven genes that can predict the risk of developing a secondary respiratory bacterial infection. The findings aim to guide clinicians in making more informed decisions about antibiotic use.
Researchers identified 180,940 people who had suffered a recent stroke and matched them to control groups to evaluate dementia risk after stroke. The study found that the rate of post-stroke dementia was higher than the rate of recurrent stroke over the same time period.
A recent study found that socioeconomic factors, including income, education, and housing quality, significantly impact stroke recovery outcomes. Researchers used data from the U.S. Census blocks to compare outcomes among stroke survivors by socioeconomic disadvantage factors.
Researchers found that SGLT2 inhibitors reduced kidney stone rates by 30% compared to GLP1 agonists and 25% compared to DPP4 inhibitors. The study included data from 716,406 adults with type 2 diabetes who took these medications.
Researchers developed a risk calculator to predict individualized risk of right heart failure after left heart pump surgery, tailoring care to each patient. The STOP-RVF calculator uses machine learning and considers variables such as pre-existing health conditions, medications, and demographic information.
A study of over 1,700 adult patients found that gastric bypass and sleeve surgeries have few short-term complications and are equivalent in terms of risk. The results suggest that patients and doctors can choose between the two procedures without worrying about short-term surgical risks.
A new study found that 50% of youth aged 11-24 with mental health issues exhibit Psychosis Spectrum Symptoms, highlighting the need for early intervention. The study aims to identify predictors of psychosis spectrum disorder and improve mental health outcomes for this population.
A large Finnish study found that external fetal heart rate monitoring without simultaneous maternal pulse recording increases the risk of neonatal encephalopathy and acidemia. The study suggests that combining maternal pulse recording with fetal heart rate monitoring can effectively prevent these complications and improve neonatal outc...
A recent study by University of Missouri researcher Knoo Lee found that school nurses are well-positioned to identify students at-risk for chronic school absenteeism. Students who have many partial-day absences often proactively seek out school nurses as a source of comfort and support, presenting an opportunity for intervention before...
Researchers from Pusan National University found a notable association between smoking and an increased risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), particularly among female smokers. The study revealed a dose-response relationship, with the risk peaking at moderate to heavy smoking levels.
A study of Medicare patients in 2022 revealed disparities in COVID-19 therapy access based on patient age, race and ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility, and nursing home residence. Higher-risk individuals received COVID-19 therapy less often than those with lower risk factors.
A recent study published in Lancet Microbe suggests that immunocompromised patients are at higher risk for COVID infections, but prolonged infections lasting weeks to months are uncommon. The study found that specific conditions, such as B-cell cancers and autoimmune diseases, increase the risk of prolonged infections.
A Rutgers Health study found that pregnant women exposed to certain flame-retardant chemicals may face an increased risk of preterm birth, especially for baby girls, or higher birth weights. The study linked three specific markers of organophosphate ester exposure to shorter pregnancies and higher risks of preterm birth in female infants.
Persistent withdrawn and somatic symptoms in adolescence increase the risk of suicidal thoughts in mid-adolescence. The study found that these symptoms persist or increase over time to be particularly concerning for suicidal risk.
A international academic consortium has identified 13 biomarkers that significantly improve the ability to accurately predict cardiovascular disease risk in people with type 2 diabetes. The standout biomarker was N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), which is currently used to monitor heart failure status in patients.
Researchers from Concordia University explore risks of cyberattacks faced by offshore wind farms with VSC-HVDC connections. These attacks could lead to false information, electrical disturbances, and potential transmission of amplified oscillations through the main power grid.
Researchers urge shift towards more sustainable forestry practices and policy to manage global growing flood risk. A probabilistic approach can better understand the effects of deforestation on floods, considering multiple factors like climate change, land use, and logging.
A new study found that heatwaves in Brazil are disproportionately affecting female, elderly, Black, Brown, and low-education individuals, resulting in a staggering 48,075 deaths between 2000 and 2018. The research highlights the need for targeted efforts to reduce mortality rates during future heatwaves.
A large study found that exposure to organophosphate ester flame retardants during pregnancy was associated with preterm birth, especially among female newborns. Higher birth weight was also linked to increased obesity risk. The chemicals are widely used in building materials, furniture, and electronics.
A new compound flooding model predicts that New York City will experience historic and devastating floods every 30 years by the end of this century, a fivefold increase from the present climate. The tool helps city planners prepare and protect against future disasters by providing detailed flood forecasts.
Researchers report a case of a patient with EGFR L858R mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who experienced durable disease improvement after empirical treatment with osimertinib. The 'Lazarus effect' refers to the phenomenon where cancer appears to recur after seeming to be in remission.
Researchers have developed an ultrasound method to predict preterm births by analyzing microstructural changes in a woman's cervix. The study found that this approach is effective at predicting risk during first-time pregnancies and combining data with delivery history for subsequent pregnancies.
A study combines retinal imaging, genetics, and big data to estimate the likelihood of developing eye and systemic diseases. The researchers identified significant associations between retinal layer thickness and increased risk of various diseases, including ocular, neuropsychiatric, cardiac, metabolic, and pulmonary diseases.
Children born between 32-33 weeks and 34-36 weeks have higher long-term risks of neurodevelopmental difficulties, including motor, cognitive, epileptic, hearing, and visual impairments. The study found that these risks should not be underestimated and may help professionals and families better assess risk and follow-up.
A study published in ScienceDirect reviews the overlap between cannabis use and psychosis, highlighting the potential risks of cannabis on neurobiology. The study suggests that cannabis can exacerbate psychosis symptoms and impact motivation and attention, but also notes some potential benefits of cannabis use for social functioning.
A study of 238,000 participants aged 45 and older found that self-reported walking limitations were associated with an increased risk of fracture. Clinicians may use patient self-assessment of walking ability as a tool to identify high-risk candidates for further assessment.
A new study published in Nature Scientific Reports shows Waymark Signal to be 90% accurate in predicting avoidable emergency room and hospital visits, identifying at-risk patients three times better than traditional models. The study also reversed the Black-White prediction bias observed in most risk models.
A study from the Korea University College of Medicine reveals that co-occurrence of diabetes and sarcopenia significantly elevates cardiovascular mortality, with nearly doubling the risk of both all-cause and cardiovascular deaths. Implementing preventive measures such as lifestyle changes, exercise, and balanced diet can mitigate this...
Researchers found that one in five adults reported difficulty walking a kilometre, and those with more limitations had significantly higher fracture risks. The study suggests asking about walking ability could help identify individuals needing further screening and prescribe interventions to prevent fractures.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm to monitor patient variables and predict sepsis before symptom onset. The tool resulted in a 17% reduction in mortality rates.
Researchers found decreased BMAd density and altered distribution profile in MGUS patients who developed MM, indicating early changes in bone marrow adipose tissue. These findings suggest the potential for timely interventions and personalized treatment strategies.
A new epidemiological study reveals that bacterial meningitis can cause significant and lasting neurological disabilities in children. The infection can be cured with antibiotics, but it often leads to permanent impairment. Researchers analyzed data from over 3,500 people who contracted bacterial meningitis as children and found a high...
A new study found that young adults who reported higher stress as adolescents were more likely to have high blood pressure, obesity, and other cardiometabolic risk factors. This highlights the importance of stress management from an early age to prevent these health issues.
A new study by University of Florida researcher Arch Mainous III found that people with chronic inflammation living in poverty have a significantly increased risk of dying from heart disease (127% increase) and cancer (196% increase) within 15 years. The study analyzed data from over 95 million Americans ages 40 and over, highlighting ...
A study published in Transplantation Proceedings found an association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and increased mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Patients with MASH had a higher risk of death compared to those without, highlighting the importance of early identification.
The new USGS National Seismic Hazard Model shows nearly 75% of the US is at risk for damaging earthquakes, with a color-coded map highlighting areas most prone to shaking. The model identifies over 500 additional faults that could produce damaging quakes, updating the landscape of earthquake research.
A study in Paraguay found that people deprived of liberty are at a high risk of tuberculosis (TB) during and after incarceration. The risk persists for years after release, with the incidence of TB declining but remaining 10 times higher than in the community.
A recent study by Chung-Ang University reveals that lack of success in previous intervention attempts and negative emotions are significant barriers hindering bystander interventions. The research highlights the need for targeted education programs to address these barriers, particularly among university students and those experiencing...
A new study suggests that using artificial intelligence to scan surgery patients' medical records can identify those with risky drinking habits who may benefit from education or treatment. The AI system analyzed over 53,000 patient records and found three times more patients with high-risk alcohol use than diagnosis codes alone.
Researchers found a decade-long decline in blood lead levels among American Indian adults was correlated with long-term cardiovascular health benefits, including reduced systolic blood pressure. The study suggests that even small decreases in blood lead levels can have meaningful health outcomes.
A nationwide cohort study found that COVID-19 survivors exhibit lower all-cause mortality and congestive heart failure but higher acute myocarditis and deep vein thrombosis risks. Younger, non-vaccinated patients with preexisting cardiovascular risk factors face elevated cardiovascular complications.
Researchers at UC Davis found that men with FMR1 premutation who experienced reduced executive function were at higher likelihood of developing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome. Executive function challenges, particularly working memory and organization issues, were strongly associated with the development of FXTAS.
Researchers developed a high-performance prediction model to identify children at risk of autistic spectrum disorder, utilizing routine developmental assessments. The tool has the potential to improve early detection and timely interventions for affected children.
A new Dartmouth study finds that seasonal snowpacks have shrunk significantly over the past 40 years due to human-driven climate change. The sharpest global warming-related reductions are in the Southwestern and Northeastern United States, as well as in Central and Eastern Europe.
A new study has provided critical information for improving koala care during subsequent fire seasons. Koalas affected by the Australian bushfires were found to have severe footpad burns and lung damage due to smoke inhalation, hindering their tree-climbing abilities and escape from fires.
A Cochrane review found that e-cigarettes lead to better chances of quitting smoking than patches, gums, lozenges, or other traditional NRT. Eight to 10 out of 100 people using nicotine e-cigarettes quit compared to six out of 100 using traditional NRT.
Diagnostic errors in hospitalized adults who died or were transferred to the intensive care unit were common, with problems in test choice and clinician assessment identified as high-priority areas for improvement. The study analyzed 2,428 patient records at 29 hospitals and found that these errors led to significant patient harm.
Recent literature review highlights epicardial adipose tissue, chronic inflammation, and autonomic nervous system imbalance as key AF pathogenic factors. Clinical management trends include wearable devices for continuous monitoring and the 4S-AF scheme for comprehensive assessment.
A study of nearly 900 patients found that delayed or missed diagnoses contributed to temporary or permanent harm in three-quarters of cases. Improving diagnostic tools and techniques could reduce errors by up to 40%, according to researchers.
A large study published in Psychiatry Research reveals that individuals with bipolar disorder are 4-6 times more likely to die prematurely than the general population. In contrast, smokers are only twice as likely to die, highlighting the need for targeted preventive efforts to address mental health risks.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus found that certain biochemical markers in blood can increase the risk of poor outcomes. Researchers suggest a new approach to diagnose GDM by combining these markers with current diagnostic methods.
Clinicians use specific cues to detect and address drug-drug interactions, which can be addressed by investigating alternative treatments, altering dosage, or stopping a medication. The study provides recommendations for EHR system alert design to improve clinician decision-making and patient safety.
A research project led by Charité aims to better understand the impact of biodiversity loss on zoonosis risks. The team will investigate native forests and degraded reforested areas in Europe and Central America to identify land use changes and species circulation.
The MU Extension program has proven results, showing improvements in physical energy, self-confidence, and muscle strength among participants. The program also reduces the risk of falling and provides social enjoyment for participants, who often form close relationships with instructors and each other.
A risk model based on routine blood work can identify cancer patients who are more likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors, increasing treatment efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The study found that patients in the low-risk group had a higher response rate and longer overall survival compared to those in the high-risk group.
High adolescent BMI significantly increases the risk of developing early chronic kidney disease in young adulthood, according to a recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics. Researchers emphasize the need for preventive measures and management of risk factors associated with CKD in adolescents with elevated BMI.
A survey of low-income adults showed a significant decrease in food insecurity, from 20.6% in 2019 to 15.5% in 2021. The findings highlight the importance of financial relief and nutritional benefits for vulnerable populations during the pandemic.