Articles tagged with Bone Marrow Transplantation
Monash University researchers have solved the X-ray crystal structure of stonefish venom's lethal factor, providing insight into a crucial human immune response. The discovery aims to develop immunosuppressants to improve transplant therapy success rates for leukaemia treatment.
A new study shows that half-matched donor bone marrow transplants can produce similar outcomes to full-match transplants, offering an alternative donor source for minorities and those without access to full matches. The Two-Step protocol used in the study may be a key factor in its success.
A new study suggests that a key prostaglandin metabolic enzyme, 15-PGDH, shows promise as a drug target for tissue regeneration. Researchers discovered an inhibitor, SW033291, which blocks 15-PGDH, leading to increased PGE2 levels and enhanced tissue regeneration.
A joint investigation by UT Southwestern Medical Center and collaborators has identified an enzyme called 15-PGDH that regulates tissue regeneration in multiple organs. By blocking this enzyme with a newly discovered molecule, researchers were able to rescue damaged bone marrow, liver tissue, and colon tissue.
Massey researchers have identified three patterns of lymphocyte recovery following stem cell transplantation that are significantly associated with clinical outcomes. The study found Group B patients experienced the best clinical outcomes, while Groups A and C had poorer survival rates. The discovery builds on previous research into th...
Researchers have discovered a rabbit virus that can deliver a one-two punch, killing some kinds of cancer cells while eliminating a common complication of bone marrow transplants. The myxoma virus can quell graft-versus-host disease and destroy cancer cells, offering new hope for patients with blood cancers.
Researchers at the University of Iowa found no benefit from bone marrow transplantation in mice models of Rett syndrome, contradicting earlier findings. The study suggests that the initial results were due to factors other than those considered in the new experiment.
A clinical trial is enrolling children and adults with graft-versus-host-disease using their own immune cells to target inflammation and reduce organ damage. The personalized cells are derived from the patient's own bone marrow, making them more likely to be effective.
A study found that patients who received a stem cell transplant from donors with longer leukocyte telomere length had higher overall survival rates compared to those with shorter lengths. The researchers also discovered no association between donor or recipient telomere length and post-transplant complications.
Blood stem cells bud off from aorta, circulate until finding niche, then attach to vessel wall and interact with endothelial cells. The process involves chemical signals, cell attachment, and division to form blood system in zebrafish and possibly humans.
Researchers developed a new scoring system to predict graft vs. host disease (GVHD) severity in bone marrow transplant patients. The Ann Arbor GVHD score uses biomarkers to determine treatment intensity and identify patients who may not respond to standard therapy.
Researchers report successful stem cell transplants in patients with dyskeratosis congenita using immunosuppressive drugs only, avoiding radiation and conventional chemotherapy. All four participants are alive and well after transplant, with no significant toxicities or infections.
A multi-center trial found similar survival rates in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who received one or two units of partially matched cord blood. The study revealed improved recovery rates and lower risks of complications when using a double cord blood approach.
A new chemotherapy drug regimen has been shown to effectively control life-threatening immune responses in bone marrow transplant recipients. The short course of cyclophosphamide, combined with two other chemotherapy drugs, eliminates the need for six months of immunosuppressive treatment.
Melanoma cells that have spread to the lungs can be killed by highly specialized immune cells called natural killer cells. The discovery reveals a new target for boosting or depleting these immune cells to treat disease.
A Stanford researcher found that pursuing concretely framed goals leads to greater happiness for givers, while abstractly framed goals may bring about unrealistic expectations. This study suggests reframing prosocial goals in more specific terms can increase personal happiness.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a procedure to induce immune tolerance to hand and face transplants, which could free recipients from lifelong immunosuppression. The study successfully tested this approach in miniature swine, paving the way for expanded availability of these complex transplants.
Researchers developed a drug regimen that eradicated CRE colonization in 44% of patients, significantly reducing mortality rates. The treatment was found to be safe and effective for eliminating the carrier state, which can reduce patient-to-patient transmission.
Researchers found that regulatory T-cells express high levels of the enzyme ALDH and are resistant to cyclophosphamide, allowing them to protect patients from graft-versus-host disease. This discovery may lead to new therapies to prevent or treat cancer relapse after a transplant.
Researchers have found a rare case where a bone marrow transplant cured a child's peanut allergy. The study suggests genetic modification during immune cell development may play a role in causing allergies.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have identified two new proteins, Wapal and Synj1, that control T-cell responses and may help reduce graft-vs.-host disease. The study found that blocking these proteins reduced GvHD in mice, suggesting a promising approach for improving bone marrow transplant outcomes.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that patients with donor bone marrow carrying a specific KIR protein variation had improved survival and reduced disease progression after bone marrow transplantation. The study identified a 60% decrease in death risk and 62% reduction in disease progression using this approach.
Researchers discover human blood stem cells residing in the end of bones have highest regenerative ability, potentially improving bone marrow transplants. The discovery aims to lower donated bone marrow needs while increasing regeneration and reducing rejection rates.
Researchers found gastrointestinal and liver-related GVHD increases risk of death in patients with chronic GVHD. Elevated bilirubin levels, higher gastrointestinal scores, and lower gastrointestinal involvement are associated with increased mortality rates.
Two studies published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that chemokine stimulation is not required for T cell migration to transplanted organs. Instead, immune-stimulating proteins expressed by the organ direct T cells to migrate. Additionally, researchers identified a protein called TRAIL that causes cell death and can be...
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine developed a new method to expand adult hematopoietic stem cells outside the human body, overcoming a major technical hurdle. This breakthrough could lead to fewer donor cells being needed for transplantation and make bone marrow banking possible.
A study published in Blood journal found that cord blood stem cells are effective and safe alternatives to matched donor bone marrow stem cells in treating children with Hurler's syndrome. The research showed improved engraftment rates, enzyme levels, and survival rates among patients who received cord blood transplants compared to tho...
Researchers have discovered a new method to prevent graft-versus-host disease, a severe complication of bone marrow transplants. By inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway, they were able to block the disease without compromising the anti-cancer effects of transplantation.
A phase 3 study published in the New England Journal of Medicine suggests there are benefits to both blood and marrow stem cell transplants, but no significant survival differences were found. Researchers from John Theurer Cancer Center played a key role in this groundbreaking study.
A two-year clinical trial found no survival difference between patients receiving peripheral blood stem cells and bone marrow stem cells from unrelated donors. However, peripheral blood stem cell transplants were associated with a higher incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
A leading bone marrow transplant expert recommends changing current practice to use adult stem cells from bone marrow instead of peripheral blood for unrelated donor transplants. This change can significantly reduce the risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease, a debilitating side effect of transplantation.
In a preliminary clinical trial, half-matched bone marrow transplants successfully eliminated sickle cell disease in 11 of 17 patients. The transplants, which used donated marrow from partially matched donors, also improved blood test results and reduced the need for pain medications.
Researchers discovered two specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) linked to acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and disease-free survival. A new screening protocol is being developed to better match patients and donors, with the goal of reducing GVHD incidence.
Two men with longstanding HIV infections have no detectable traces of HIV after bone marrow transplants, suggesting protection under anti-retroviral therapy. Researchers plan to study additional HIV-positive patients and explore tracing HIV in tissues.
A clinical trial at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center seeks to cure treatment-resistant Crohn's disease by transplanting matched bone marrow cells from a sibling or unrelated donor. This new approach replaces an abnormal immune response to intestinal bacteria and loss of immune tolerance with a healthy one.
Scientists have discovered that the platelet activating factor receptor plays a crucial role in graft-versus-host disease, which can cause significant tissue damage and mortality. Blocking this receptor may lead to reduced tissue injury and improved survival rates for patients undergoing bone marrow transplants.
A bone marrow transplant has been shown to arrest severe symptoms of Rett syndrome, a devastating neurological disorder, by replacing faulty immune system cells. The procedure significantly extended the lifespan of Rett mouse models and improved their mobility, breathing, and overall health.
Researchers have discovered a dramatic improvement in life span and motor function in mice with infantile Batten disease when treated with gene therapy and bone marrow transplants. The combination therapy created a striking synergy, with mice living nearly 18.5 months, more than double the lifespan of untreated mice.
Researchers found that alpha-1-antitrypsin significantly reduced intense inflammation and increased T-regulatory cells, which play a positive role in immune responses. The drug may provide a potential new approach for treating graft-vs.-host disease.
Researchers found that patients receiving bone marrow transplants from unrelated donors had the same survival rates as those receiving blood stem cell transplants. However, PBSCs resulted in better engraftment but higher rates of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a serious post-transplant complication.
A new study found no survival advantage with filgrastim-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells compared to bone marrow transplants from unrelated donors. PBSC transplants are associated with higher rates of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), particularly in patients receiving unrelated donor transplants.
A clinical trial at the Kimmel Cancer Center found a two-step, half-match bone marrow transplant procedure improves overall survival in blood cancer patients, with 45% and 75% five-year survival rates. The unique approach controls donor T cell dosage and timing to minimize side effects.
Clinical trials show half-matched bone marrow or cord blood transplants have comparable survival rates and lower relapse rates compared to fully matched donors. This advancement in transplant technology may increase access to life-saving treatments for leukemia and lymphoma patients worldwide.
University of Minnesota researchers have discovered a method to quickly and exponentially grow regulatory T-cells, which can help patients avoid severe immune reactions after bone marrow or organ transplants. The new technique has already shown promising effects in treating acute graft-versus-host disease.
Researchers created a computer program that predicts the lifespan of hematopoietic stem cells, finding that each cell has a set amount of time for self-renewal. This understanding can improve the safety and efficacy of bone marrow transplants and potentially lead to breakthroughs in regenerative medicine.
Researchers found that R-spondin1 reduces GVHD by protecting intestinal stem cells, which help regenerate damaged tissues and reduce inflammation. The study's results suggest a potential therapeutic approach for human bone marrow transplant patients.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz identified a crucial molecule for blood stem cells' niche in the bone marrow, potentially improving transplant safety and efficiency. The study's findings may lead to safer and more effective treatment options for cancers like lymphoma and leukemia.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center identified a molecular communications pathway influencing hematopoietic stem cell mobilization. Pharmacological inhibition of the Egfr signaling pathway increased stem cell mobilization in mice, suggesting a new rationale for targeted therapies.
Researchers found purified blood stem cells outperform those with T cells in forming new blood cells and regenerating lymphoid tissues. The study challenges decades-old assumptions about the need for T cells in bone marrow transplants.
Researchers found similar leukaemia-free survival rates for unrelated cord blood transplants and matched bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cell transplants. UCB transplantation was also linked to lower rates of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Researchers at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center developed a new assessment tool to measure the severity of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) symptoms, which can complicate stem cell transplantation. The tool, MDASI-cGVHD, assesses symptoms on a scale of zero to 10 and correlates with patient reports of overall quality of life.
Aprepitant has been shown to dramatically reduce nausea and vomiting in bone marrow transplant patients, with 73% experiencing no vomiting and 49% having little or no nausea. This breakthrough finding suggests aprepitant could become a standard part of patients' care.
A new anti-inflammatory agent called ATL146e has been shown to limit and reverse the progression of graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplants. This breakthrough could make these potentially curative transplants safer and more widely used for individuals with inherited immunodeficiency diseases.
Patients who underwent peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSC) had similar overall survival rates as those given bone marrow transplants, with no significant differences in mortality or late effects. However, subgroup analyses revealed improved leukaemia-free survival and overall survival for patients with acute leukaemias
Researchers identified a biomarker called elafin that can be measured in a blood test to diagnose bone marrow transplant patients' skin rashes and predict GVHD risk. The test enables doctors to adjust therapy based on patient risk levels, potentially reducing side effects.
Scientists at Weizmann Institute of Science have developed a new method for transplanting bone marrow-based stem cells from mismatched donors, restoring the immune system faster and improving cure rates for leukemia patients. The procedure involves infusing regulatory T cells into cancer patients before receiving donor stem cells, lead...
Most SCID children treated with related donor bone marrow transplants can lead normal lives, says a new study. The research found that those who received transplants within the first 14 weeks of life were more likely to survive and have fewer problems over time.
Loyola will raise an additional $2 million from private donors to match The Coleman Foundation's $2 million grant. The new bone marrow transplant wing will be named The Coleman Foundation Bone Marrow Transplant Center.
A study found that pre-transplant platelet transfusions may increase the likelihood of bone marrow transplant rejection, according to Emory University researchers. The team used a mouse model to simulate human conditions and found that platelets can trigger an immune response that leads to graft rejection.
Researchers at USC have identified a key mechanism that guides the migration of blood-forming stem cells to the bone marrow. The finding may lead to improved efficiency in bone marrow transplants by activating a specific signaling pathway.