Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
Childhood adrenocortical tumors have been analyzed on a genomic scale for the first time, revealing key molecular events in pediatric cancer. The study identified TP53 and IGF2 genetic mutations that trigger tumor development and poor prognosis.
A recent study has explored the effect of mutations in PKC on tumour growth, revealing that most 'loss of function' mutations stop PKC from working. The study found that correcting these mutations in bowel cancer cells resulted in a reduction in tumour growth.
Researchers at CWRU found that African-American cancer patients with depression often experience different symptoms than white patients, including irritability and social isolation. These findings suggest that culturally sensitive depression measures are needed to accurately diagnose and treat black cancer patients.
A survey of 1200 Canadians found that most valued news of incidental findings, but personal utility depended on the type of findings. Individuals preferred hearing about diseases with lifestyle modifications or treatment available, while those without treatment options saw less value in receiving such information.
Researchers have discovered a nanobody called Nano-85 that can bind to intact norovirus-like particles, detecting virus in one-third of stool samples. This finding could lead to the development of an antiviral therapy for norovirus infections, particularly beneficial for immunosuppressed individuals.
Researchers have discovered a magnetic material that can heat cancer cells to high temperatures without harming healthy tissue. This breakthrough material uses a unique Curie temperature-dependent heating effect that stops quickly and cannot get hotter.
Researchers have found that IL-33 is a critical messenger triggering changes in the stomach's inflammatory response to H. pylori infection, potentially leading to new therapies targeting gastric damage. Elevated IL-33 levels may be associated with chronic infection and metaplasia.
A new study identified older white males with advanced bladder cancer as a high-risk group for suicide. Researchers found that these patients have a higher suicide risk compared to those with other genitourinary cancers.
A new study found that 20% of men with normal testosterone levels received a prescription for testosterone therapy. The study also found that nearly half of new testosterone users did not receive prostate cancer screening during treatment.
A study of 992 patients with asymptomatic benign thyroid nodules found that most exhibited no significant growth over a 5-year period, and diagnoses of thyroid cancer were rare. The study suggests that current guidelines for follow-up may be overly aggressive and that individualized surveillance strategies could be more efficient.
New research shows that non-cancerous prostate cells with genetic mutations can develop into cancer, potentially explaining why prostate cancer often has multiple genetically different tumours. This discovery could lead to a rethink of treatment strategies and improve outcomes for men with the disease.
The Society of Interventional Radiology has selected 23 new Fellows, recognizing their achievements in research, teaching, and leadership in the field. The SIR Fellowship is a prestigious honor conferred to members who have demonstrated excellence in advancing medical practice through image-guided treatments.
A study of 308 patients with CLL found that 10% discontinued ibrutinib therapy due to disease progression and Richter's transformation, while others stopped for other reasons. Patients who discontinued therapy had poor prognosis, highlighting the need for new research targets.
Researchers have identified two urinary biomarkers that can predict bladder cancer-specific survival and guide treatment. The study validated the biomarkers in over 400 clinical samples, showing they are independent predictors of cancer prognosis.
Research at Mayo Clinic found that a decline in smoking rates may lead to fewer people qualifying for early detection of lung cancer through low-dose CT scans. As smokers quit earlier, more patients are diagnosed at a later stage, increasing mortality.
An analysis of 80,000 health web pages reveals that nine out of ten visits result in personal health information being leaked to third parties. This can lead to identity theft and discrimination due to predictive algorithms grouping individuals into categories.
A new study found that cancer patients' preferences for involving family members in treatment decisions differ significantly by ethnic background, marital status, sex, age, and insurance status. Non-English speaking Asian patients and Spanish-speaking Hispanic patients were more likely to share decision-making with their families.
Fox Chase Cancer Center has received a one-year grant from the National Breast Cancer Foundation to provide mammography screening and navigation services to underserved women. The program aims to increase access to care by bringing cancer screening into community settings via its mobile unit.
Men with favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer may be candidates for active surveillance, with no significantly increased risk of death compared to those with low-risk PC. The study found that the absolute estimates of PC-specific mortality were less than one percent in men with both low-risk and favorable intermediate-risk PC.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified a potential strategy to combat the parasitic tropical disease leishmaniasis. Neutralizing the activity of interleukin 18 (IL-18) protected mice from infection, suggesting this approach may aid in fighting the disease.
Scientists at UC San Diego School of Medicine discovered that autism mutations are connected to a pathway regulating brain development. The study found that specific genes were expressed in different developmental periods, influencing brain growth and behavior.
A study found that TERT mRNA levels are highly predictive of aggressive bladder cancers, allowing doctors to recommend targeted treatments and improve patient outcomes. The study also suggests that telomerase reactivation is crucial for the progression of bladder cancers, highlighting a potential target for disease intervention.
Researchers identified super-enhancers in T cells as key to regulating the immune system, which may lead to new treatments for autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. The study found that these enhancers control genes involved in T cell function and activity.
A study of 5,050 patient-clinician encounters found that only 1% were clinically inappropriate, and physicians complied with fewer than 1 in 10 requests. The findings challenge the myth of the 'demanding patient' and suggest a need to redirect attention from unnecessary costs.
A meta-analysis of 52 studies found that short-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing the two most common types of ovarian cancer. Women who used HRT for 5 years or more had a 40% higher likelihood of developing ovarian cancer compared to those who never took HRT.
Researchers found that a common oral pathogen can grant tumors an anti-immune defense mechanism, protecting them from destruction by natural killer cells. Blocking this interaction might improve anti-tumor immunity in human patients.
A study found that young adult survivors (18-39) report higher distress levels than older survivors, despite similar time since treatment completion. Fear of cancer recurrence and financial burden were key predictors of elevated distress in these young adults.
A 12-year study by Kaiser Permanente found that common surgical procedures for precancerous cervical lesions do not decrease women's chances of becoming pregnant. In fact, women who had these procedures were more likely to become pregnant than those who did not.
Researchers found that rare EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have distinct impacts on disease outcome and therapy response. Classic EGFR mutations were associated with better overall survival and higher TKI therapy response rates compared to rare mutations, which were linked to tobacco smoking and poorer prognosis.
Research published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases found that smoking impairs the response to biological drugs used to treat inflammatory back arthritis. Current smokers responded significantly less well to treatment and achieved smaller reductions in disease activity scores compared to non-smokers.
A new Special Issue from ecancermedicalscience tackles fertility-sparing cancer treatments, collecting latest research on preserving fertility in breast, cervical and ovarian cancers. Fertility-sparing treatments balance patient's wishes with oncological outcomes.
A new forecast from Cancer Research UK suggests that 1 in 2 people in the UK will develop cancer at some point in their lives. The increased risk is primarily due to more people living into older age, when cancer is more common.
A study published in the Journal of Immunology found that infusing memory cells can produce and repeatedly replenish all of the T-effector cells needed to fight CMV infection. This approach may improve on current therapeutic options for controlling CMV infection, which affects up to 80% of adults in the US.
A study reveals children with 'biallelic mismatch repair deficiency' (bMMRD) experience a rapid wave of genetic mutations, dubbed the 'great flood', which causes aggressive cancer. The research identifies a previously undiscovered mechanism for cancer progression and potential targets for treatment.
Researchers found that a protein called FADD picks up a phosphate for a specific amino acid when KRAS is active, and that blocking this process can prevent tumors from forming. A CK1-alpha inhibitor is currently being developed as a potential treatment for lung cancer caused by KRAS mutations.
A new analysis found that women with breast cancer have poor knowledge about their illness, with minority patients less likely to know accurate information. The study highlights the need for patient education and provider awareness to improve informed treatment decisions and overall cancer care.
Researchers developed new animal models that faithfully reproduce the evolution and malignancy of different human tumors. This allows for parallel tumor progression, prediction of relapses, and assessment of effective treatments in a controlled laboratory setting.
Researchers have discovered that silver nanoparticles' toxicity can be modulated by carbohydrate coatings, according to a recent study published in the Journal of Nanobiotechnology. The study found that glucose-coated silver nanoparticles are more toxic than those coated with galactose or mannose.
A new study found that high-risk neuroblastoma cells use an efficient but erroneous DNA repair pathway, giving them a survival advantage. This alternative repair mechanism may be the target of new therapies to improve treatment options for children with neuroblastoma.
A comprehensive review published in The Lancet provides guidance on treating multiple myeloma, including established and novel therapies. New approaches to paralyze cancer cells and attack malignant cells are also introduced.
A new analysis has identified over 58,000 long non-coding RNA genes that may play a role in cancer. The study also found that one lncRNA, SChLAP1, is a potential biomarker for aggressive prostate cancer.
Researchers at the Douglas Mental Health University Institute found that glucocorticoid tablets can synchronize peripheral biological clocks in white blood cells, improving synchronization of the body's internal clocks. This breakthrough could lead to innovative therapies for travelers, night-shift workers, and those with sleep disorders.
Research from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital reveals that PTEN tumor suppressor protein is essential for proper regulatory T cell function, helping to prevent autoimmune diseases. The study identified a crucial role of PTEN in controlling Tfh cells and autoantibody production, offering new focus for improving treatment.
Researchers used next-generation sequencing techniques to analyze archived tissue samples of phyllodes tumors, identifying two genes (EGFR and IGF1R) that were amplified in malignant tumors. The study also found the gene MED12 was frequently mutated in all classifications of phyllodes tumors.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have discovered a stem cell capable of regenerating both bone and cartilage. The discovery, published in the journal Cell, suggests that this stem cell could be exploited to treat osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Further study is needed to determine if this technology can be appl...
Researchers at National University of Singapore have found new interactions between STAT3 and PRL-3, two molecules involved in acute myeloid leukaemia, which may offer a new therapeutic target. The study suggests that disrupting the STAT3-PRL-3 regulatory loop could lead to an attractive anti-leukaemia therapy.
A new study finds that many cancer survivors experience lingering problems affecting their quality of life, including physical issues and anxiety about recurrence. The study suggests that clinicians can develop tailored interventions to address these specific concerns.
A clinical trial conducted by the NIH found that 38 out of 40 volunteers with HCV infections were cured after receiving a combination of three direct-acting oral drugs for six weeks. This short duration therapy may prove relevant for global elimination of hepatitis C, where simple and well-tolerated treatment is required.
A study by University of Central Florida social work professor Mary Ann Burg found that cancer survivors often experience unmet needs, including physical problems like sexual dysfunction and anxiety about recurrence. The study analyzed responses from an American Cancer Society survey of 1,514 cancer survivors.
Researchers developed novel indicators to assess and quantify 'progress' and 'value' in cancer research. The PACE Continuous Innovation Indicators provide a visual representation of progress over time, helping identify gaps and needs.
A long-term follow-up of patients with type 1 diabetes found that intensive treatment was associated with a modestly lower all-cause rate of death compared to conventional therapy. The study's findings suggest that intensive therapy may reduce mortality risk in type 1 diabetes patients.
Scientists have found that the MMP12 enzyme travels to the center of cells, contradicting previous assumptions. This discovery may lead to the development of treatments to turn off this enzyme and others like it when they cause damage.
A Vanderbilt-led team has developed a method for detecting 'cell-free' tumor DNA in the bloodstream, showing promising results in distinguishing prostate cancer from normal controls. The technique, called a 'liquid biopsy,' demonstrated over three times the sensitivity of current PSA screening and accuracy rates of up to 91 percent.
A study found that changes in the H9N2 flu virus in chickens may have contributed to the creation of the H7N9 avian virus, which has caused outbreaks and deaths since 2013. The research suggests tracking genetic diversity of H9N2 on poultry farms could provide an early warning of emerging viruses with pandemic potential.
Researchers at Aarhus University have found that genetic variations in the interferon lambda 4 protein impact treatment effectiveness for hepatitis C. This discovery suggests that personalized medicine targeting specific genetic variants could lead to better treatment outcomes for patients.
Researchers at the University of Louisville have identified mutations that destabilize a DNA structure, turning a gene off in over 75% of glioblastomas and melanomas. This discovery provides a new model for understanding cancer-specific activation of telomerase, an enzyme promoting cell division.
A new review suggests that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms in younger women, particularly those experiencing hot flushes and night sweats. The review highlights that HRT provides low doses of estrogen with or without progestogen to alleviate symptoms and minimize risks.
A large study found that laparoscopic radical cystectomy leads to reliable cancer control even years after surgery, with 66% of patients free from recurrence after 5 years. The minimally invasive procedure can be as safe as open surgery for cancer control, supporting its use in bladder cancer management
University of Michigan researchers devise a reliable way to grow cancer cells from patients outside the body for study, increasing success rate to over 73% and opening doors to tailored therapies. The new technique could enable doctors to track cancer progression in real-time, making treatment decisions more informed.
Researchers found that SIRT1 enzyme loss drives early prostate cancer formation in mouse models. The study suggests SIRT1 may be a target for prostate cancer prevention.