Research on new and better ways to treat cancer. Covers radiotherapy, targeted microdroplets, nerve-injury protection, drug combinations, and tumor models.
The University of Kentucky has developed a pioneering electronic health record (EHR) reporting system for cancer cases to the state's cancer registry. This innovation enables real-time data transmission, facilitating faster trend analysis and informed statewide cancer control efforts.
A survey of over 6,200 Finns found that there is substantial disagreement about whether certain states of being should be considered diseases, influencing public funding and policy decisions. The results highlight the complexities of defining disease and its impact on social debates.
Researchers have discovered two related genes, ARID1A and ARID1B, involved in the most aggressive form of childhood cancer neuroblastoma. These findings identify a novel pathway that scientists can now study to develop potential new therapies for children with tumors having these mutations.
Researchers found ARID1A and ARID1B gene mutations in 8 patients, associated with worse survival outcomes. The discovery could lead to early identification of high-risk patients requiring additional treatments.
Women with advanced breast cancer who wait over 60 days for treatment face significantly higher risks of dying. Early detection and timely treatment can increase five-year survival rates to as high as 98 percent.
A cost-effectiveness analysis found that KRAS testing is cost-saving, while BRAF testing offers additional savings. The study suggests that molecular testing primarily generates cost savings by identifying nonresponders, rather than improving survival.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism by which normal stromal cells around ovarian cancer cells are converted into cancer-promoting cells. Altering microRNA expression in these cells enhances tumor growth and metastasis, providing new potential therapeutic targets.
A new discovery reveals that chromatin remodeling complexes (CRCs) are intrinsically turned on, requiring specific instructions to turn them off. This finding has significant implications for understanding how CRC mutations contribute to cancer development.
Aerobic exercise can help relieve fatigue associated with cancer and treatment, balancing rest with physical activity may reduce fatigue. The new review adds 28 studies, including those in breast cancer patients, showing that aerobic exercise benefits those with solid tumours during and after treatment.
The 2012 Collegiate Inventors Competition awarded over $100,000 to students for their groundbreaking inventions in medical devices, cancer therapies, and more. Inanc Ortac's Nano-Wiffle-Balls for Cancer Therapy and Leslie Myint's FastStitch suturing device were among the top winners.
A drug originally developed to prevent organ rejection has been shown to dramatically reduce a particular kind of brain tumor in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The study found that 35% of patients experienced at least a 50% reduction in tumor volume after treatment with everolimus.
Researchers found that a protein called TGFβig-h3 is impaired in patients with gastric cancer, allowing cancer to spread. This discovery could lead to the development of new therapies restoring the functions of this protein.
A new study found that black patients with kidney cancer have a survival disadvantage compared to white patients, even when diagnosed at early stages or receiving less aggressive treatment. The study analyzed nearly 40,000 renal cell carcinoma patients and confirmed poorer survival rates for blacks.
The UT Arlington physics team has developed a novel thermoelectric generator using copper sulfide nanoparticles and single-walled carbon nanotubes. The technology, which can convert both light and thermal energy into electrical current, shows increases of up to 80% in light absorption compared to earlier methods.
Moffitt Cancer Center researchers have identified novel metabolic signatures in glioma, a type of tumor that starts in the brain. These findings may pave the way for personalized therapy and prognostic value.
Researchers use antisense technology to target cancer cell metabolic process, killing cancer cells by blocking production of pyruvate kinase splice-variant. The approach shows therapeutic promise in treating various types of cancer.
Researchers have identified a new molecular marker, β2-syntrophin, which can help differentiate between low-risk and high-risk types of prostate cancer. This breakthrough discovery could lead to more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment plans, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Researchers found oxidative stress in an animal model of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, which may benefit from antioxidant treatment. The study identifies potential alterations in gene expression pathways that could modify disease development.
Researchers have identified three novel genes - CHD4, FBXW7 and SPOP - that are frequently altered in serous endometrial cancer, a rare and aggressive form of uterine cancer. These findings may lead to new therapeutic targets for this devastating disease.
A recent study has found that non-Hispanic black women diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive tumors have a significantly increased risk for breast cancer death, particularly within the first three years after diagnosis. This risk is more pronounced among black women compared to non-Hispanic white women.
Claudia R. Baquet, M.D., M.P.H., is being honored for her contributions to cancer health disparities research. She will deliver the third annual AACR Distinguished Lecture on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities.
Palliative care discussions can improve symptoms, stress, and survival time for patients with terminal illnesses. Physicians should discuss palliative care with patients during initial talks about prognosis and at subsequent visits to help them plan their remaining lives.
A recent study published in Menopause found that about one-third of women who stopped taking the SSRI antidepressant escitalopram experienced a relapse of hot flashes and night sweats. Women with insomnia and those who responded less well to the medication were more likely to experience a relapse.
Scientists at CU-Boulder have discovered the cellular targets of the Hepatitis B virus, including proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for liver disease in millions of people infected with the virus, many of whom lack access to effective treatment.
Treating chronic hepatitis C with antiviral drugs could reduce liver cancer risk by half, according to a meta-analysis of published research. In some cases, treatment can even prevent the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of liver cancer worldwide.
A randomized trial of over 14,000 male physicians found that long-term daily multivitamin use resulted in a modest but statistically significant reduction in cancer incidence. The study suggests that multivitamins may have a greater benefit on more clinically relevant cancer diagnoses.
Achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight, staying physically active, and following a healthy diet significantly reduced mortality in elderly female cancer survivors. Researchers found that adherence to lifestyle guidelines resulted in an almost 40% lower risk for death compared to those who did not follow these recommendations.
Scientists have identified a new type of stem cell that can generate new blood vessels, offering new possibilities for treating cardiovascular disease and cancer. The discovery could lead to the development of new therapeutics to prevent or stimulate neoangiogenesis.
A new study found that EMR before RFA is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with nodular Barrett's esophagus and advanced neoplasia. The performance of EMR before RFA was not associated with a diminished likelihood of success or increased stricture rate compared to RFA alone.
A common birth control device has been shown to be effective in treating early-stage endometrial cancer, particularly in morbidly obese and high-risk patients. The intrauterine device releases progestin levonorgestrel, successfully used as a contraceptive for the past decade, and successfully reversed abnormal cell growth in all patients.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that fit elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer can benefit from salvage targeted therapy without increased toxicity. The study analyzed data from 255 patients and showed no difference in response rates or progression-free survival between age groups.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have found an antibody treatment that not only stops PAH from worsening but also reverses the condition in mice and rats. The discovery offers new hope for patients suffering from this devastating disease.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have found a way to deliver bio-active cargo such as proteins and synthetic molecules into naïve T cells using a new synthetic protein transduction domain. This breakthrough enables the study of crucial immune functions and holds great potential for therapeutic applications in the clinic.
A new study by TGen, Mayo Clinic and SHC demonstrated the power of whole genome sequencing in advancing understanding of pancreatic cancer. The research identified 142 cellular genetic coding events, including mutations, insertions and deletions, in three patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
A new report reveals that mental illnesses and addictions have a significant impact on the health of Ontarians, with depression having the highest burden. The report highlights the need for treatment and reduced stigma to address this issue.
A new approach to lung scanning, called parametric response mapping, allows for better distinction between early-stage small airway disease and emphysema in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The technique enables precise diagnosis and treatment planning, as well as tracking COPD progression over time.
Researchers found that B-Raf and C-Raf proteins are crucial for melanocyte stem cell renewal, leading to progressive whitening of fur in mice. The study provides insights into the role of these proteins in cancer development and offers potential new strategies for treating melanoma.
A new gene test has been developed to detect pre-cancerous cells in patients with benign-looking mouth lesions. The test shows a cancer detection rate of 91-94% and could potentially allow at-risk patients to receive earlier treatment, significantly improving their chance of survival.
A set of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines has been established to guide the diagnosis and treatment of low-back pain in the US. The guidelines recommend careful observation, over-the-counter pain medication, and targeted physical activity for most patients, while reserving imaging and surgery for specific cases with red flags.
A new study found that phone therapy is just as effective as in-person therapy for people with mild to moderate depression and anxiety. The research from the University of Cambridge also showed that providing talking therapies over the phone can save the NHS money, with a cost per session 36.2% lower.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have made a major breakthrough in type II diabetes treatment by inhibiting VEGF-B. The study shows that VEGF-B inhibition can prevent and treat insulin resistance, which is related to the storage of fat in muscles, blood vessels, and heart.
A nationwide study found that primary-care physicians earn an average of $2.8 million less than their specialist colleagues over a lifetime, potentially discouraging medical students from pursuing primary care. The study's authors recommend reducing pay disparities to ensure adequate access to primary care.
A Baylor University researcher has developed a model likening grief stages to a pinball machine, explaining why grieving is never complete and can be triggered by various events. The study uses the pinball analogy to help individuals in mourning understand their chaotic experience and prepare for future triggers.
A new study reveals that young cancer survivors frequently forego routine medical care because of financial constraints. Despite having health insurance, they face significant cost burdens, which can lead to unmet health needs.
A University of Colorado study shows that bladder cancer patients with high CD24 expression have worse prognoses and may benefit from anti-androgen therapies. CD24 expression depends on androgens, and blocking these hormones may diminish the proliferative and metastatic power of bladder cancer cells.
A new research model estimates that men with low-risk prostate cancer who choose active surveillance may live 6.4 years without treatment, while those who undergo immediate radical prostatectomy may gain an average of 1.8 months of additional life.
Researchers found that high viral load and cancer-specific viral gene expression are key markers for identifying HPV-driven tumors. These findings suggest that HPV DNA positivity alone is a poor predictor of outcome in head and neck cancers.
A new study by the University of Michigan Health System and VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System found a significant link between substance-use disorders and mortality in veterans with PTSD. Younger veterans, including those from Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts, showed a stronger association between substance-use disorders and death.
A significant reduction in the risk of developing diabetes was observed in individuals who underwent bariatric surgery compared to those receiving traditional care. The Swedish Obese Subjects study found that bariatric surgery can reduce the risk of diabetes by over 80% among obese patients.
Researchers found a single HPV protein necessary for cervical cancer and pre-cancer growths to survive. A gene-silencing technique may cripple the protein and eliminate cervical cancer and pre-cancerous growths in mice, offering a potential new treatment option.
Scientists at Uppsala University have successfully cloned a T-cell receptor that binds to an antigen associated with both prostate and breast cancers. This breakthrough enables genetically modified T cells to specifically kill these cancer cells, offering hope for new treatment possibilities.
Chemists at UMass Amherst have developed a sensor array system using gold nanoparticles and proteins that can rapidly detect and identify different cancer types in living tissue. The technology uses a 'nose' strategy similar to how humans recognize odors, allowing for precise detection of metastatic cells with high accuracy.
Researchers at UGA have made a major medical breakthrough by discovering how an oxygen-sensing bacterial protein senses oxygen through reversible structural changes in an iron-sulfur cluster. This mechanism could ultimately lead to a better understanding of the aging process and new treatments for human diseases.
A study published in American Journal of Pathology found that two genetic mutations, beta-catenin and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), cooperate to induce adrenal cancer. The research provides new insights into the rare and deadly disease, which affects about 600 Americans annually, and may lead to targeted therapies.
The AAO-HNSF 2012 new poster presentations cover various topics in otolaryngology, including rhinoplasty, facial trauma, and head and neck cancer. The studies aim to improve treatment outcomes and address common challenges in the field.
A review article highlights the role of interleukin-18 (IL-18) in inflammation and its potential as a therapeutic target for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Therapies blocking IL-18 activity may offer effective treatment options for conditions like bronchial asthma and COPD.
Researchers found that a medication inhibiting inflammation showed promise in treating major depression, especially in individuals with high levels of inflammation. The study employed infliximab, an antibody blocking tumor necrosis factor, and demonstrated improved symptoms in subjects with elevated C-reactive protein levels.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic's Lerner Research Institute and Anesthesiology Institute have discovered a potential new treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The compound MDA7 has been shown to induce beneficial immune responses that limit the development of the disease, restoring cognition, memory, and synaptic plasticity in animal models.
A specific genetic variation found in people who carry a 'G' instead of an 'A' at a particular spot in their genetic code is associated with a six-fold higher risk of developing certain types of brain tumors. Researchers hope this discovery will lead to better surveillance and diagnosis.
A new study published in The Journal of Urology reports that PSA testing has led to improved survival rates for patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer that has spread to the bones or other parts of the body. The disparity between African American and Caucasian men has been resolved, with African American men now having a compara...