Articles tagged with Positron Emission Tomography
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The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) and the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) have published a new procedure standard/practice guideline for somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET imaging in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. The guideline focuses on improved sensitivity, lower radiation dose, and sh...
Studies elucidate key aspects of traditional Chinese compounds and modern cancer therapeutics, highlighting the efficacy of R. serra in treating colitis and identifying active components of Gan Cao in treating pneumonia. A new radiolabeled antibody-based probe for detecting PD-L1 expression in cancers also provides a novel approach to ...
A novel nuclear medicine imaging protocol, dual-phase amyloid PET, can assess both amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration with a single tracer injection, cutting costs and radiation exposure. The protocol was shown to be comparable in distinguishing patients with neurodegenerative diseases from controls.
Research suggests that a new combination of drugs is needed to find an effective treatment for TB meningitis due to multidrug-resistant strains. The FDA-approved BPaL regimen is not effective in treating TB meningitis because bedaquiline and linezolid cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
A new study published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine found that e-cigarette users have greater lung inflammation than cigarette smokers and non-smokers. The study used PET imaging to compare lung inflammation between e-cigarette users and cigarette smokers, revealing a unique inflammatory response in the lungs.
A new study explores the relationship between fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) levels and heavy drinking patterns in young adults. Lower FAAH activity was associated with more severe drinking, increased cravings, and reduced sensitivity to alcohol's negative effects.
A novel imaging agent, 68Ga-FAPI, has been shown to reduce the number of false-positive PET/CT findings among cancer patients recently vaccinated for COVID-19. This can help prevent costly follow-up and false management decisions for cancer patients.
PSMA PET/MRI successfully determines prostate cancer likelihood of return within two years after prostatectomy, aiding treatment decisions. High uptake in primary lesion and metastasis are associated with rapid recurrence.
Researchers found reduced serotonin release capacity in individuals with depression, suggesting a blunted serotonin system. The study used novel imaging techniques to measure serotonin levels in the brain, providing crucial insights into the pathology of depression.
Scientists conducted whole-body PET scans using a radioactively labeled antibody tracer against CD8+ T-cells before and after starting immune checkpoint inhibitors. The results showed heterogeneous and dynamic responses among patients, revealing the complexity of the immunotherapy response.
A new PET imaging method is more effective than angiograms in determining the need for coronary stents or bypass surgery, according to UTHealth Houston researchers. The study confirms that PET threshold of severity at which stents and bypass surgery improve survival compared to medical treatment alone.
A Cornell-led collaboration used machine learning to predict Alzheimer's progression in cognitively normal and mildly impaired individuals. The modeling showed that MRI scans are most informative for asymptomatic cases, while PET scans are more effective for those with mild cognitive impairment.
A new molecular imaging radiotracer, <sup> 68 </sup> Ga-PentixaFor, demonstrates high image contrast in various cancers, including hematologic malignancies and small cell lung cancer. This agent targets the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), which is a predictor of poor prognosis in cancer patients.
A new radiotracer, 18F-SMBT-1, detects overexpressed monoamine oxidase-B in cognitively unimpaired individuals with high beta amyloid levels, a key early sign of Alzheimer's disease. The agent shows increased binding to reactive astrocytes, suggesting its potential as a surrogate marker for detecting Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers successfully visualized systemic joint involvement in patients with autoimmune arthritis using ultra-low dose total body PET/CT scans. The scans showed high agreement with standard joint-by-joint rheumatological evaluations and a moderate to strong correlation with rheumatological outcome measures.
A new study at the Turku PET Centre discovered that shorter daylight hours increase opioid receptor levels in brown fat of rats. This complements previous findings on day length modulating opioid receptor levels in brain emotional circuits.
A novel PET radiotracer has been developed to assess tumor aggressiveness in neuroendocrine neoplasms, providing valuable information for personalized care. High uPAR expression was associated with a worse prognosis, making it a potential target for therapy.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center found that metabolic imaging, combined with traditional treatment response assessment methods, can provide critical information to guide therapy for pancreatic cancer patients. The use of positron emission tomography (PET) with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) tracer adds significant pr...
A new study shows that PSMA PET/CT imaging can change treatment plans for nearly 50% of patients with prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. The imaging technique detected disease in 46.9% of patients, leading to major changes in treatment plans, including recommendations for additional treatments.
Researchers have successfully visualized α-synuclein aggregates in the brains of patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) using a new positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent. The agent, 18F-SPAL-T-06, shows high specificity and potential for MSA diagnosis.
A study published in Molecular Psychiatry reveals that deep brain stimulation (DBS) to the superolateral branch of the medial forebrain bundle can alter metabolic brain changes over 12 months, making it a strong potential therapy for treatment-resistant depression. The results showed that 8 out of 10 patients experienced significant sy...
Researchers found a 20% decrease in coronary artery dilation and reduced myocardial flow reserve in patients with prior COVID-19 infection. This may lead to poor prognosis and higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events.
Researchers have developed a new method to efficiently make nano carriers loaded with radioactive salts for both imaging and treatment, offering a promising alternative to chemotherapy. The radiolabelling method allows clinicians to assess whether patients can benefit from chemotherapeutic treatment with micelles.
Researchers have discovered a functional link between STING signaling and immunometabolism, suggesting that PET imaging could measure the pharmacodynamic effects of STING-activating drugs. This approach may enable a whole-body analysis of immune activation in humans, guiding clinical development of anti-tumor therapy.
A study found that cold temperatures activate brown adipose tissue that competes with tumors for glucose, inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging survival. Researchers suggest that cold therapy could be a promising approach to cancer therapy.
Researchers have created a noninvasive method to identify tumors causing hypertension by reducing radiation exposure. The new fluorine-based agent replaces an iodine-based agent and may allow for screening of patients with hypertension-linked aldosterone adenomas.
A new PET imaging agent, <sup>68</sup> Ga-FAPI-46, has been shown to predict the severity of cardiac remodeling after a heart attack by identifying active fibrosis. This biomarker has potential to aid in diagnosis and treatment selection for patients with heart failure.
Current guidelines for salvage radiation treatments in patients with local recurrence of prostate cancer should be updated to consider information from PSMA PET imaging. PSMA PET is effective in identifying recurrences partially or fully outside the clinical target volume, suggesting its value for therapy planning.
Helen Nadel, MD, FRCPC, has been named president-elect of the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI). She plans to address issues such as global communication, government and industry relationships, and diversity initiatives. With over 30 years of SNMMI membership, Nadel brings extensive experience to her role.
Researchers developed an artificial intelligence method to generate high-quality 'PET/CT' images, reducing radiation exposure and allowing for more frequent imaging. This innovation has the potential to provide more accurate assessment of disease progression and treatment efficacy, ultimately improving patient care.
A new PET imaging agent, 18F-AlF-FAPI-74, has been found to effectively monitor and predict treatment response of an up-and-coming cancer therapy. This non-invasive imaging approach can help inform clinical decision-making early in the course of treatment.
A study using PET imaging found that severe obstructive sleep apnea is associated with abnormal heart blood flow reserve, increasing the risk of heart disease. The findings suggest that cardiac PET imaging can identify high-risk OSA patients.
A new ultra-low dose PET technique eliminates the need for a CT scan, significantly reducing patient radiation exposure. The technique uses background radiation to reconstruct attenuation maps and quantitative PET images, with an average organ quantitative error of 4.8-10 percent.
A novel somatostatin-receptor targeting peptide has shown excellent imaging in patients with meningiomas, identifying previously undetected lesions. The new agent offers significant logistical advantages, including a longer half-life and large-scale production capabilities.
The JNM Molecular Imaging of Neurodegeneration Supplement provides an overview of molecular imaging techniques in neurodegenerative disorders. The supplement aims to improve early and differential diagnosis, as well as stratify and monitor therapy in these disorders.
A new deep learning method, PDD-Net, uses 3D deep convolutional neural networks to extract deep metabolic imaging indices from PET scans for differential diagnosis of parkinsonian diseases. The method achieved high sensitivity and specificity rates for Parkinson's disease and other parkinsonian syndromes.
A comprehensive literature review of molecular imaging findings indicates that COVID-19 neurological complications such as fatigue and cognitive impairment are often reversible. The study identifies important implications for other neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
A new phase II trial found that mid-treatment PET scans can help determine if patients with p16-positive oropharynx cancer can receive a lower dose of radiation therapy without compromising cancer control. The study reported fewer short-term side effects in patients who received de-escalated therapy.
Researchers at University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center developed a novel PET imaging tool to selectively monitor inflammation and innate immune activity. The new radio-labeled molecule, [18F]4FN, is more specific and robust than existing agents, offering potential for early biomarker detection of immune-related adverse events.
A new study confirms the accuracy of the European Association of Urology (EAU) risk classification system for prostate cancer patients, using PSMA PET imaging to identify subgroups with varying disease risks. High-risk groups showed higher metastatic disease rates, while low-risk groups had undetectable or distant metastases.
A new PET/CT artificial intelligence model has been developed to predict the risk of future heart attacks with improved accuracy. By combining information from PET and CT angiography, the model provides a more robust prediction of heart attack risk than clinical data alone.
The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging has published appropriate use criteria (AUC) for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET imaging. The guidelines provide a framework for healthcare providers to determine the most effective use of PSMA PET scans in patients with suspected or known prostate cancer.
A recent UCLA-led study provided indirect evidence that PSMA PET/CT improves risk-stratification and prognostic capabilities for high-risk prostate cancer patients. The study found that PSMA nomogram outperformed existing tools in predicting clinical outcomes, suggesting its significance in disease course prediction.
A prospective study found that MRI outperformed conventional tests and FDG PET/CT for various staging endpoints in SCLC. Whole-body MRI and FDG PET/MRI were more accurate than FDG PET/CT for assessing local invasion extent.
A team of researchers at UC Davis Health has developed a novel PET imaging-based tool to detect liver inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The tool uses dynamic PET imaging and mathematical modeling to measure glucose transport from blood to liver tissue, allowing clinicians to quantify liver inflammation.
A new 'image analysis pipeline' called TDAExplore gives scientists rapid insight into how cells are changed by disease, using a combination of microscopy, topology, and artificial intelligence. This approach can provide objective information on cell changes, such as the movement of proteins like actin, even with limited training data.
Researchers found that higher lymphoma volume at diagnosis was associated with increased risk of recurrence. This could lead to improved patient outcomes by selecting the most appropriate treatment. The study also explored PET-based measures of initial disease burden, which may help predict patients' risk of recurrence.
A study at the University of Turku found that brain function regulating satiety and appetite is altered before obesity develops, with family background risk factors contributing to these changes. The findings suggest the brain and central nervous system are key targets for treating obesity.
A new contrast agent has been developed to detect and image blood clots noninvasively, using a targeted approach to find clots anywhere in the body. The agent was tested in patients with atrial fibrillation and showed promising results.
Researchers have demonstrated a new technique for cross-sectional medical images without the need for tomography, enabling faster and more accurate imaging. The breakthrough is made possible by ultrafast photon detectors that can precisely determine the arrival times of photons, allowing for reconstruction-free positron emission imaging.
A recent study suggests that Long-COVID symptoms, such as cognitive deficits and fatigue, may be attributed to fatigue rather than pathological changes in the brain. Neuroimaging results showed no significant differences in cerebral glucose metabolism or brain pathology between patients with long-COVID and healthy controls.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have developed a method to identify non-responding tumors using hypoxia imaging, which shows promise for improving response rates. Investigational new drug evofosfamide was found beneficial in treating hypoxic tumors with immunotherapy.
New research reveals that microglia in the brain take up more glucose than previously thought, leading to altered PET scan images. This finding has significant implications for understanding neurodegenerative diseases and developing new diagnostic tools.
Researchers identified a pattern that links the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) proteins with a reduction of serotonin, which may help predict who will develop late-life depression. The study found that individuals expressing this pattern had more severe depressive symptoms.
A study published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine found that PSMA PET/CT is more accurate than conventional CT in detecting hepatocellular carcinoma metastases. This led to a change in management plans for nearly half of the patients, enabling them to receive effective treatment.
Researchers found that early accumulation of tau proteins in the brain, measured by PET scanner, is more effective at predicting memory impairment than other biomarkers. The study suggests that tau PET should be recommended for clinical prognostic assessment of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients.
Researchers at the University of Münster have developed a new cell labelling method using SNAP-tag technology and positron emission tomography (PET) for whole-body imaging. This breakthrough allows for the visualization of specific cellular processes, opening up new avenues for understanding bodily functions.
A new PET imaging agent has been shown to solve 87% of diagnostic dilemmas in breast cancer patients, providing valuable information for personalized treatment decision-making. The agent's ability to visualize estrogen receptor expression across the body may improve patient outcomes and support broader implementation in clinical practice.
A new imaging technique using PET/MR and a PET tracer directed against CXCR4 shows high accuracy in detecting MALT lymphomas of the stomach, potentially reducing the need for repeated gastroscopies. The study found that [68Ga]Pentixafor PET/MR achieved 97% accuracy in detecting tumours compared to gastroscopy.
A new algorithm uses amyloid PET scans to gauge brain levels of Alzheimer's protein and estimate when symptoms will arise. By analyzing age and single scan data, the algorithm yields an estimate of how far a person has progressed toward dementia.