A study by Dr Lixin Ren found that extracurricular activities have a limited impact on math skills in preschool children, with effects dependent on behavioral regulation and approaches to learning. For children with poor self-regulation skills, structured activities can improve early math skills.
Researchers aim to optimize digital weight-loss programs for rural populations by adding human components, such as weekly group video sessions and individual coaching calls. The goal is to help residents manage their weight and fight the obesity epidemic in areas with limited access to in-person programs.
A new alvarezsaurid dinosaur from Mongolia has provided insights into the sleeping behavior of non-avian dinosaurs. The discovery suggests that these ancient creatures may have slept in a similar position to modern birds.
Researchers found that rare gene variants associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are less prevalent in African Americans, suggesting a different genetic contribution to the disease. The study highlights the importance of considering genetic diversity and admixture in IBD research.
New research reveals Indian Ocean seabirds face no hotspots where predators feast on prey, highlighting the need for ocean-wide protection. The study's findings suggest that international action is necessary to safeguard these birds' survival due to human activities like overfishing and pollution.
Researchers developed a metal-organic coating that protects bacterial cells from damage without impeding their growth or function. The coated bacteria improved the germination rate of various seeds by 150 percent, making it possible to deploy microbes as fertilizers for large-scale agricultural use.
A new study by Cornell University researchers found that higher cannabinoid concentrations in hemp leaves led to proportionately less damage from insect larvae. The study suggests the potential for developing pesticides from cannabinoid extracts, but such uses would be limited to non-edible plants.
ECOTIP presented recommendations to enhance biodiversity monitoring in Greenlandic fisheries, focusing on data analysis and animal tissue samples. The recommendations aim to improve biodiversity monitoring in the Arctic region.
Researchers have discovered a series of bird footprints from the Early Cretaceous period in Victoria, Australia, indicating that diverse birds lived in southern polar environments during this time. The discovery provides new insights into the distribution and dispersal of early birds across landmasses.
A new algorithm from the University of Surrey models distributed electricity networks, finding that local renewable energy generation is generally more efficient than central storage or export. The study suggests that considering local constraints and factors like energy prices and subsidies can help design the most efficient local grids.
A recent study in Nature Communications has identified a gene cluster in wheat that produces triticein, an isoflavone compound with potential health benefits. This discovery offers opportunities for metabolic engineering efforts to improve wheat's nutritional quality and resistance to disease.
Researchers developed nanoparticles to transport Gemcitabine directly into tumors, increasing efficacy and sparing healthy cells. The approach shows potential to treat pancreatic carcinomas more accurately and with reduced side effects.
Researchers at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found that oral nicotine pouches do not curb current smokers' nicotine cravings effectively. The study suggests that these products may be more appealing to young people due to their longer onset time and gradual relief from craving symptoms.
Researchers developed a new 3D inkjet printing system that works with a wider range of materials, including slower-curing materials. The system utilizes computer vision to automatically scan the print surface and adjust the amount of resin deposited in real time.
A team of researchers revisited a 1980s model predicting nuclear power expansion and found it had flawed assumptions that impact energy policy decisions. They suggest improving simulation testing methods like sensitivity auditing to increase transparency about model uncertainties.
A new study from Bayes Business School found that CEOs' surnames can significantly impact their total compensation by up to 4.9%. The research highlights organizational bias and inefficient contracting decisions based on surname attributes, which can affect talent recognition and rewards.
The James Webb Space Telescope reveals the presence of water vapour, sulfur dioxide, and silicate sand clouds in the atmosphere of WASP-107b. The discovery sheds light on the dynamic atmosphere and potential temperature variations that enable these cloud formations.
A collaborative research project found that shelter dogs with brief outings or fostering stays were more likely to be adopted, increasing adoption outcomes by five and 14 times. Short-term fostering programs can improve a dog's life in the shelter and help them find forever homes.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have discovered a way to accelerate proton transport through graphene using light. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient hydrogen fuel cells and solar water-splitting devices.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have pieced together the lesser-known DNA repair pathway, polymerase theta-mediated end joining (TMEJ), which is upregulated in patients with hereditary breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. The discovery could lead to new therapies for cancer by targeting this pathway.
Physicists have directly observed the Kondo effect in a single artificial atom using a scanning tunnelling microscope. The team confirmed a decades-old prediction by validating their experimental data against theoretical models. This breakthrough paves the way for investigating exotic phenomena in magnetic wires.
Researchers developed DIRFA, an AI-based program that generates realistic videos with facial animations synchronized to spoken audio, showcasing improvements over existing approaches. The tool has potential applications in healthcare, education, and entertainment, enhancing user experiences.
A new study by University of California, Davis researchers reveals that domestic cats use bacteria living in their anal glands to produce unique scents that convey important information. These volatile organic compounds are essential for cat behavior, social lives, and territorial marking.
Scientists have observed bright, brief flashes months after a stellar explosion, confirming that the engine of the LFBOT is a black hole or neutron star. This unprecedented behavior shows that the object emitted multiple supernova-strength optical flares on timescales of less than a minute.
Researchers from GIST have developed a new electrode using Schottky junctions to overcome the conductance limit of active catalysts, achieving high-performance water splitting and hydrogen evolution reactions. The electrode demonstrated remarkable current density and durability during continuous operation for 10 days.
The Georgetown Global Health Center has launched PHAROS, a first-of-its-kind wildlife disease database that collects records of viruses and bacteria in wild animals. The platform aims to predict pandemics like the weather by allowing scientists to share and manage their data, with the goal of making 'one health' a data-driven field.
Researchers develop a passive approach to night-time warming by harnessing energy from the atmosphere, reducing reliance on electric heaters and lowering energy consumption. The new strategy achieves significant temperature increases and annual electricity savings of over 300 kWh m-2 in various climate zones.
The research aims to find strategies to control sprouting in organic potato systems, replacing traditional chemical treatments. Scientists are exploring natural products and technologies to manage sprouting, with the goal of prolonging storage life and reducing financial losses.
Researchers characterized changes in cognitive behaviors, neuronal morphology and gene expression in a tauopathy mouse model. The study found significant decreases in dendritic arborization and synaptic gene upregulation over time.
A national study found that exposure to environmental hazards in neighborhoods is associated with poor cardiovascular health, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. The study used the Environmental Justice Index to assess cumulative environmental burden and its impact on cardiovascular risk factors and diseases.
Dr. Rachel Katzenellenbogen, a renowned pediatric scientist, has been awarded the 2024 Norman J. Siegel New Member Outstanding Science Award by the American Pediatric Society. She is recognized for her groundbreaking work on human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and associated cancers.
A recent study has unveiled two previously undiscovered families of Pseudoscorpions in Israel, including Syarinidae and Cheiridiidae. The research expands the catalog to include 61 pseudoscorpion species belonging to 28 genera and fourteen families.
A study led by Indiana University researchers explores the potential of climate engineering to slow Antarctic ice loss through stratospheric aerosol injection. The approach could buy time to address climate change and avoid catastrophic sea-level rise.
Researchers developed a more efficient way to find emerging designer drugs in urine samples, uncovering new synthetic opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants that evaded initial screening. The approach can support public health and safety by enabling swift identification of new substances.
Researchers at ALMA achieved the highest resolution ever, observing a ring-like gas structure around R Leporis and confirming gas escape from the star. This capability will now be applied to young stars with protoplanetary disks where planets are forming.
A new study reveals a network of genes that evolve differently in long-lived and short-lived bivalves, associated with longevity in other animals. This shared molecular framework suggests a common genetic basis for extended longevity across diverse animal lineages.
Research from Rutgers University found that air pollution during critical periods of prenatal and early infant development may negatively alter anogenital distance, a measure of hormone exposure. Higher levels of particulate matter (PM2.5) were associated with shorter anogenital length at birth and in males at age one.
A new study estimates that most corporations are not reporting the full scope of their carbon footprint, particularly in Scope 3 categories. This lack of transparency could be indicative of greenwashing, as companies focus on reporting Scope 1 and 2 emissions instead.
A new treatment strategy shows promise in preclinical models of advanced prostate cancer with RB1 gene loss or neuroendocrine features. Decitabine and B7-H3 targeted therapy have been shown to slow tumor growth and improve efficacy when combined.
A comprehensive systematic review of 25 studies over nearly 50 years reveals consistent evidence of associations between insecticide exposure and lower sperm concentration in adult men. The findings warrant concern, particularly given observed downward trends in semen quality.
Researchers at the University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson used stem cell technology to improve research models for Parkinson’s disease, uncovering clues that may help scientists detect the condition earlier and develop better treatments.
Researchers developed an innovative bioengineering approach using genetically modified bacteria to incorporate protein cages around protein crystals. This method efficiently produces highly customized protein complexes for specialized applications. The resulting crystals have a core-shell structure with a cubic PhC core covered in five...
Engineers at MIT have developed a new laser-based technique to probe metamaterial structures with ultrafast pulses, enabling the dynamic characterization of microscale metamaterials. The LIRAS system excites and measures vibrations in hundreds of miniature structures within minutes, accelerating the discovery of optimal materials for a...
A new analysis by Aalto University reveals that industrial agriculture is highly sensitive to shocks in agricultural inputs such as synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The study models the impacts of these shocks on crop yields and food availability globally, identifying high-risk areas for the greatest yield losses.
The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has been awarded a $5 million NIH grant to establish a state-of-the-art center dedicated to discovering and developing novel therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. The Center will utilize cutting-edge technologies and interdisciplinary collaborations to accelerate the translation of scientif...
Researchers identified genetic mutations in peas that enable high iron accumulation, opening doors for biofortification of staple crops like wheat and barley. This breakthrough has the potential to reduce iron deficiency anaemia globally.
A novel workflow has been developed to identify patients with 5q-SMA, a common type of spinal muscular atrophy, more accurately. The new approach uses a bioinformatics pipeline that masks the paralogous regions of the SMN1 gene, allowing for more precise detection of genetic variants.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky are working on a new device to quickly measure tumor properties using spectroscopic imaging. This technology aims to make radiation treatment more effective for patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer, which is resistant to radiation.
A new technology enables the printing of complex robots with soft, elastic, and rigid materials in one go. This allows for the creation of delicate structures and parts with cavities as desired.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that younger patients and those with no prior experience with opioids are more likely to use few or no opioids after surgery. The researchers used data collected through automated text messages sent to 3,600 patients who underwent common surgical procedures.
Researchers at the University of Liège used 3D modeling to analyze the evolutionary trajectories of thalattosuchians and dyrosaurs, two species that colonized marine environments independently. The study reveals significant differences in adaptations and functional capacities between these groups and present-day crocodiles.
A research team identified two different RAD50 variants in a patient with progressive bone marrow failure and immunodeficiency, leading to loss of function of the MRN complex. The findings suggest that RAD50 deficiency/Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder is characterized by growth retardation and microcephaly.
Researchers developed a detection method for infectious bird flu virus in wetlands frequented by waterfowl. The method successfully detected HPAI virus strains in four out of four wetland sites in April, but not from a lake, highlighting the need for improved RNA detection techniques.
Scientists developed a high-throughput method to study oxidized lipids in ALS. Analysis of blood plasma from rats with ALS revealed 17 oxylipin alterations associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Oxylipins may serve as biomarkers for monitoring disease progression.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that over 10% of fecal immunochemical tests used for routine colorectal cancer screening contained unsatisfactory samples. This led to fewer than half of patients completing follow-up testing within 15 months. The authors suggest potential solutions to improve comp...
A UTHealth Houston researcher is leading a large-scale implementation trial to address disparities in palliative care for Parkinson's disease and related dementia patients. The study aims to reduce low-value and unequal care, improve end-of-life care, and promote health equity.
A new study funded by Cancer Research UK reveals that smoking tobacco causes 20.8 million years of life loss each year, with four preventable risk factors contributing to over 30 million years of life lost annually. The study suggests that action on a global scale could save millions of lives from preventable cancers.
A new deep learning AI tool called ECOGEN has been developed to generate lifelike bird sounds, enhancing the samples of underrepresented species. This allows for improved bird song classification accuracy and contributes to the conservation of endangered bird species.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have discovered that bacteria sense phages via the CBASS system, which detects viral RNA to initiate an immune response. This finding may help counter antibiotic resistance. The discovery sheds light on how core immune functions are shared across distantly related domains of life.
Researchers discovered that individuals with obesity expel more energy at night compared to those with a healthy weight. During the day, people with obesity have higher insulin levels, indicating their body is working harder to process glucose.
A qualitative study by City of Hope highlights the importance of proper patient preparation for unanticipated, inheritable genetic findings prior to tumor sequencing. The research emphasizes the need for scalable educational interventions that facilitate informed consent, such as online tools and applications.
A study by Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona found that all aquatic species in river mouths are contaminated with microplastics. Molluscs were the most affected, and nanoplastics posed a greater risk to aquatic organisms due to their ability to pass through cellular membranes.
A nationwide UK diabetes prevention program has been shown to improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes in adults. The program, which refers high-risk individuals to lifestyle counseling, has strong evidence supporting its effectiveness.
Researchers have identified BMAA, a chronic neurotoxin linked to ALS and Alzheimer's, in dust particles from the Great Salt Lake. This dust poses an environmental health risk due to its inhalation potential.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have made a groundbreaking discovery that inhibiting a specific enzyme can halt the progression of Parkinson's disease in a mouse model. The findings suggest that reducing USP30 may slow or prevent PD progression, paving the way for novel therapeutics.
Astronomers confirm that a stellar corpse is the source of repeated energetic flares observed after a distant star's explosive death. The team detected at least 14 irregular light pulses over a 120-day period, likely driven by processes such as rapid rotation or strong magnetic fields.
Researchers have developed a novel PET radiotracer that enables early detection of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with high spatial and molecular specificity. The imaging tool targets the IBD biomarker IL12/23p40, providing detailed information for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
A $2.9 million NIH award supports the study of sepiapterin reductase deficiency and cerebral palsy, with goals to develop new therapies for these disorders. Researchers will investigate changes in cellular pathways and explore potential treatments.
A team of scientists led by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture has been awarded a $3.57 million grant to develop spinach cultivars resistant to fungal pathogens. The project aims to expedite breeding for disease resistance, reducing fungicide use and supporting sustainable spinach production.
Researchers at UMass Lowell found that anti-inflammatory bacteria were less abundant in people with Parkinson's disease, suggesting a potential biomarker for early diagnosis. A new study on Latinos may also uncover novel biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have successfully created hair follicles in human skin tissue using 3D-bioprinting techniques. This innovation has potential applications in regenerative medicine, drug testing, and understanding the complex interactions between skin and topical products.
Researchers developed 'tension-activated repair patches' that release anti-inflammatory molecules, helping discs regain tension and reverse herniation. The patch uses natural biomechanical movement to activate its release, offering a potential early intervention for preventing worsening pain related to disc degeneration.
A new research proposes an Iterative Android Automated Testing (IAAT) method that automatically records and integrates User Operation Processes (UOPs) from manual testing. The IAAT method shows a significant improvement in test coverage compared to traditional automated testing methods.
Researchers found that second language English speakers underestimate how much they are liked by others, with females underestimating their speaking skills even more. This 'liking gap' can limit beneficial interactions and hinder meaningful relationships, potentially affecting students' academic and social integration at universities.
A novel system for slip prevention of unmanned rovers has been developed by researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology. The system uses strain displacement data to detect the traveling state of the rover and prevent slipping incidents. It also detects environmental obstacles, such as rocks and stones.
A recent study by Harvard researchers provides an engineering approach to understanding the failure of macrophages in cancer therapies. The team found that different phenotypes exhibit different penetration into tumors, with M0 macrophages showing improved transport efficiency.
Researchers from the University of Córdoba have developed an alternative to traditional batteries, using a cylindrical tank immersed in water to store and release energy. The iOWC system utilizes hydrostatic pressure to compress air and expand it through a turbine, generating clean energy.
A study by Bansaccal et al. reveals that oncogene-expressing cells in the ear epidermis undergo vertical invasion to form invasive basal cell carcinoma, whereas those in the back skin expand laterally without invading the dermis. The team found that the extracellular matrix composition, particularly collagen density, plays a crucial ro...
The University of Basel has successfully treated over 100 patients with focal lesions and two advanced cases of knee OA, reporting beneficial outcomes. The N-TEC procedure uses autologous cartilage cells to grow new cartilage grafts for repairing damaged joints, offering an alternative to knee joint replacements.
A novel 'remotely-moderated' focus group method has been developed and tested, where questions are posed on a screen and moderated by an off-site researcher. This approach encourages participants to go beyond their usual role and engage in frank discussion, revealing valuable insights into issues they may not have considered before.
A new study suggests that a fourth dose of the mRNA vaccine significantly reduces risk of infection and severe COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The study found a 41% reduction in risk for infection and 65% reduction for admission/death compared to those who did not receive a fourth dose.
Researchers have developed an engineered LIMK1 protein that can be activated by administering the drug rapamycin, resulting in improved memory function. This innovative approach has great potential applications in understanding memory processes and facilitating the identification of solutions for neuropsychiatric diseases.
A team of researchers discovered 27 avian footprints on the southern Australia coast dating back to the Early Cretaceous period. The tracks provide evidence for early avian evolution and suggest a possible migratory route, with some tracks showing similarities to modern-day shorebirds.
Researchers propose a new hypothesis that ECT alleviates depression symptoms by increasing aperiodic activity in the brain. Aperiodic activity helps boost inhibitory activity, slowing down neuronal cycles and effectively controlling how neurons turn on and off. The studies also found similar effects in magnetic seizure therapy.
Researchers on the International Space Station produced a quantum gas containing two types of atoms for the first time in space. This achievement enables studying quantum chemistry, which focuses on how different atoms interact and combine with each other.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center discovered iron storage 'spheres' inside C. diff bacteria, which are crucial for infection and offer new targets for antibacterial drugs. The study, published in Nature, also reveals that bacteria may compartmentalize biochemical processes in a way similar to eukaryotic cells.
A study on the endangered coco de mer palm tree found that inbreeding depression may not be a major threat to its survival, contrary to previous assumptions. The researchers discovered that female trees prefer closely related kin to sire their offspring, suggesting outbreeding depression as a possible issue.
Researchers mapped transcription factors in T cells infiltrating tumors, finding ways to increase anticancer efficacy by promoting or blocking T-cell differentiation. The findings have implications for cancer immunotherapy and provide new potential strategies to enhance immunotherapy.
A new approach to understanding climate change effects on marine ecosystems considers both smooth trends and variable changes, highlighting areas vulnerable to extreme events. Researchers propose a 'more realistic' conceptual model to better predict future consequences.
A study published in the Journal of Dental Research found that cannabidiol (CBD) reduces dental pain intensity by 70% and improves bite force. While side effects occurred more frequently than placebo, promising results suggest CBD may be an effective alternative to opioid painkillers for managing acute toothache.
A new study published in Neurology finds that shrinkage in the hippocampus area of the brain is associated with cognitive decline, regardless of amyloid plaques. The study involved 128 participants and found that faster hippocampus atrophy was linked to faster cognitive decline.
A recent study by the Complexity Science Hub found that at least two-thirds of animal COVID-19 deaths were not reported to official sources. The researchers compiled a comprehensive list of 35 animal species susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, highlighting the need for improved data exchange and reporting.
Researchers are developing a bioengineered pancreas-like tissue using innovative biomaterials and engineered cells. The goal is to implant these cell-laden scaffolds into patients who need help managing their glucose levels.
The James Webb Space Telescope has detected distinct neon signatures in the dusty disk surrounding the young Sun-like star SZ Chamaelontis, indicating a change in high-energy radiation that reaches the disk and limits planet formation time. This difference points to a variable wind absorbing UV light and leaving X-rays to pummel the disk.
New research from the University of South Australia found that images are more effective at signaling product variety than colors, with only 56% of color choices matching customer expectations. The study analyzed consumer perceptions of 576 products and recommended using images to convey variety and protecting master brand colors.
A new study published in PLOS ONE provides detailed insights into the timing of events in ancient Gezer, a city known from Egyptian, Assyrian, and Biblical texts. The radiocarbon dates suggest that some proposed correlations between the archaeological record and ancient texts are plausible.
The research highlights the need for improved disaster prevention strategies in response to droughts and floods on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The team proposed a method for predicting and warning of these events, as well as a technical framework for identifying risk-blocking points and adaptive regulation.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding the genetic changes that occur during tumor migration, and discovered a drug that can obstruct this process. A new clinical trial at the University of Rochester's Wilmot Cancer Institute will test the effectiveness of the experimental drug NP137.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered that a fusion oncoprotein forces cells to become tumor-like, regardless of their original muscle or endothelial cell origin. The study suggests that focusing on the effects of this protein may be a better approach for identifying potential therapeutic interventions.
A H2020-funded project reviewed 'local ecological knowledge' for Greenland and interviewed fishers in West, South and East Greenland. The recommendations are available in English, Danish, and Kalaallisut for informing Greenlandic fisheries policy.
A study of house finches found that sick birds are more social than healthy ones, preferring to eat with their flock. This behavior may be driven by the benefits of group living for sick birds, but also poses a risk to healthy birds due to increased disease transmission.
Researchers at ETH Zurich detected a new type of ferromagnetism in an artificially produced material, where magnetic moments align due to kinetic energy minimization. The material exhibits ferromagnetic behavior when electrons form 'doublons' and spread out through quantum mechanical tunnelling.
A hospital's portfolio strategy can shape patient preference in important ways, with a focus on depth of expertise leading to increased market share. Hospitals with a high related focus in a department also signal breadth of expertise, positively affecting market share.
A new study sheds light on the feeding preferences of herbivorous fishes and sea urchins, revealing their combined impact on macroalgal communities. Key findings suggest that these herbivores play a vital role in reducing macroalgal cover and promoting coral reef recovery.
A study of 318,000 children found that those from disadvantaged neighborhoods were more likely to receive an ASD diagnosis. Early intervention and family support resources are needed for these communities
A team of researchers developed a vaccine that stimulates regulatory T cells to suppress harmful immune cells, prolonging allograft survival in mice. This discovery identifies an analogous pathway in humans, suggesting potential treatment for autoimmune disorders and organ transplant patients.
Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München discovered that ribosomes play a crucial role in recognizing and removing RNA crosslinking damage. When ribosomes encounter lesions, they get stuck and collide with subsequent ribosomes, triggering the removal of damaged RNA.
Research suggests that early women parliamentary candidates struggled to make distinct appeals as parties increasingly controlled campaigning. The study examines how mass observation surveys and election addresses reveal the challenges faced by female politicians during the early decades of mass democracy.
Researchers developed a highly accurate way to predict the best treatment for patients with meningioma based on patterns of gene expression. The new approach could change treatment for nearly 1 in 3 people with meningioma, reducing radiation side effects and improving patient outcomes.
Rates of completion for diagnostic tests and referrals were low across all visit types, with telehealth encounters performing worse. The study highlights the patient safety challenge of incomplete diagnostic loops during primary care, particularly during telehealth encounters.
The POLINA project will develop new materials and technologies for medical applications, aiming to revolutionize bioprinting for safer, smarter and affordable medical devices. The project will create micropatterned cell surface models to help study lung diseases and design new tracheal implants.
Pfizer's Abrysvo vaccine was approved with conditions, including a warning about preterm birth. Experts debate whether pregnant women should have been informed about the potential risk. Some critics argue that notification would have caused unnecessary anxiety.
A new Kaiser Permanente peer support program helped reduce physician burnout and improve well-being, leading to a positive impact on hospital culture. The program, which allows for third-party referrals, has been shown to increase the likelihood of physicians recommending it to others.
A new ASTRO clinical guideline recommends partial breast irradiation as a viable alternative to whole breast radiation for patients with early-stage invasive breast cancer or DCIS, based on evidence from large randomized trials. The guideline provides guidance on patient selection and best practices for delivering effective partial bre...
The Future Earth program has faced challenges in inspiring groundbreaking research to address major sustainability issues, including a lack of engagement with the global science community. The program's 'top-down approach' neglects local communities' needs and prevents swift responses.
Researchers found that monotherapy with PARP inhibitor olaparib improved radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who have BRCA gene mutations. Improved responses were observed in hereditary BRCA mutations as well as spontaneous alterations.
A novel robotic system developed by USC researchers can help clinicians accurately assess a patient's rehabilitation progress. The method generates an 'arm nonuse' metric using machine learning and a socially assistive robot to track how much a patient is using their weaker arm spontaneously.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that 35% of women with breast cancer used self-discovered or peer-recommended techniques to enhance their sexual function. These techniques fell into four main domains: pain reduction, intimacy and relationship enhancement, desire and arousal enhancement, and emotional coping.
New research reveals a cocktail of approved drugs can quickly reduce brain swelling and improve outcomes in animal models of brain injury. The study suggests reopening lymph nodes as an emergency pressure release valve for the brain, addressing cerebral edema as the leading cause of TBI-related deaths.
A new study found that removing mangroves in New Zealand's estuaries actually increases mud build-up, as these coastal trees and shrubs trap sediment efficiently. This highlights the need for sustainable land use upstream to address the root cause of the issue, rather than focusing solely on mangrove removal.
Researchers found a modest improvement in predicting pathologic response to chemotherapy using molecular subtypes, but no association with overall survival and progression-free survival. The study suggests the need for subtype-directed therapy trials to test targeted treatments.
Researchers at CSU and the University of St. Andrews created an effective antimicrobial material that slowly releases nitric oxide, killing bacteria and fungus over time.
Researchers analyzed microplastics in mountain clouds and found they can modify particles in ways that enable them to affect cloud formation. The study also found that clouds can increase the presence of toxic metals on these particles.
A team of researchers from POSTECH has introduced a tungsten oxide coating to protect the membrane-electrode assembly in hydrogen fuel cells. The coating prevents electrochemical reactions that lead to catalyst degradation, resulting in improved performance retention rates.
Prescribed fire can improve forest health and reduce catastrophic wildfires, but barriers hinder its use. Four strategies can overcome these obstacles: fostering a supportive culture, providing dedicated funding, building capacity and cooperation, and implementing monitoring and adaptive management.
A team of researchers has developed an atom-predicting model similar to the GPT models that support applications like ChatGPT. The new model focuses on small organic molecules with relevance to energy storage and conversion applications.