Articles tagged with Anesthesia
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A study found that stimulating a major dopamine-producing region in the brain can help rats wake up from general anesthesia, suggesting its potential to induce active emergence from anesthesia in surgical patients. The researchers hope this approach could speed recovery and enhance operating room efficiencies.
Lab studies reveal hydroxyethyl starch (HES) has direct toxic effects on kidney cells, with the total mass of HES molecules being a major factor. The study suggests that newer low-molecular weight HES solutions may not be safer than previous products.
Researchers observed low hand hygiene compliance rates among anesthesia providers, with lowest rates at case start and end. They were most likely to perform hand hygiene after potential exposure to body fluids.
A study of over 56,000 adults undergoing hip repair found regional anesthesia was associated with a modestly shorter length of hospital stay but not a lower risk of death. The use of regional anesthesia may reduce postoperative complications and could lead to improved quality of care.
Patients who received regional anesthesia had a significantly lower length of stay (6 days vs. 6.3 days) than those who received general anesthesia, with no significant difference in 30-day mortality rates. The study also found poorer outcomes for nursing home residents following hip fracture surgery.
A study published in Anesthesia & Analgesia found no long-term effects on psychosocial outcomes for patients with intraoperative awareness during general anesthesia. Despite initial concerns, the research reveals no significant difference in PTSD diagnosis or other mental health conditions between patients with and without awareness.
A new study by Dr. Andrew Hudson and colleagues provides clues about the brain's processes used to navigate from unconsciousness back to consciousness after anesthesia. The researchers found that the brain activity occurred in discrete clumps, or clusters, and that certain patterns consistently occurred in anesthetized rodents.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) babies who undergo major surgery have an increased risk of death or subsequent neurodevelopmental impairment. The study included 12,111 infants and found a 50% increase in risk for VLBW infants who underwent major surgery compared to those who did not.
New research reveals that brain activity transitions through dynamic 'way stations' before returning to full consciousness after anesthesia. The study's findings have implications for understanding how brain injury or neurological disease disrupts consciousness, and may provide new insights into coma recovery.
The Affordable Care Act empowers nurse anesthetists to expand access to anesthesia services, but state laws restrict their scope of practice. The article explores how the ACA affects CRNA practice and highlights roadblocks to full utilization of their skills.
A new approach to managing patients before, during, and after colorectal surgery has been shown to significantly reduce hospital stays and readmission rates. The enhanced recovery approach, which includes standardized care pathways and evidence-based practices, cut hospital admissions by two days and reduced readmission rates by half.
Researchers found three key binding sites that contribute to the induction of the anesthetic response, affecting sodium channel function and inducing anesthesia. The study's findings provide new insights into the molecular basis of general anesthesia.
Researchers found that reducing blood pressure during surgery can increase the risk of brain damage due to reduced oxygen supply. The study advises a safer approach to hypotensive anesthesia to minimize risk while maintaining effective surgery.
Researchers found that rats' brains registered odor exposure while under anesthesia, despite no behavioral response. The study's findings suggest a need to re-evaluate how anesthesia depth is measured clinically.
Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital found that ultrasound-guided paravertebral blocks improved pain relief, reduced recovery room time, and enabled earlier discharge for breast cancer patients compared to general anesthesia. The study's lead author notes the benefits of this technique will also apply to cosmetic breast surgeries.
Research using nearly 200,000 patient records found that regional anesthesia types do not make patients more prone to falls after knee replacement surgery. Spinal or epidural anesthesia may even decrease the risk of falls compared to general anesthesia, according to a study published in Anesthesiology.
A large study found that patients receiving etomidate for anesthesia may be at increased risk of mortality and cardiovascular events, with a 250% increase in death risk compared to those receiving propofol. The results have sparked concerns over the safety of etomidate use.
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital found that postoperative pain can contribute to temporary impairments in learning and memory in surgical patients. Researchers identified a probable mechanism for pain-induced cognitive impairment, suggesting pathways that may be targeted by potential preventive measures.
Researchers have developed a computerized system that can track patients' brain activity and automatically adjust drug dosages to maintain the correct state during medically induced comas. The system uses EEG patterns and real-time feedback to optimize anesthesia levels, eliminating the need for constant monitoring by nurses.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a computer-controlled system to automate the process of administering anesthesia, promising more precise and efficient control. The system uses brain activity monitoring to adjust drug infusion and maintain a deep state of anesthesia, reducing the need for manual intervention.
Remimazolam, a benzodiazepine-type sedative drug, has shown promising results as an alternative to conventional sedatives in colonoscopy procedures. The medication provides adequate sedation with a fast onset and quick recovery time, making it a valuable option for patients undergoing brief medical procedures.
A study of liposomal bupivacaine found it produces femoral nerve block lasting longer than 24 hours in volunteers, but the results are not straightforward due to variable responses and an inverse relationship between dose and response. Larger trials will be needed before the product can be recommended for routine clinical use.
The new digital journal is dedicated to reporting patient cases that make an important teaching point or scientific observation in perioperative medicine, critical care, and pain management. All new case reports will be open access during the launch period.
Mobile devices could increase access to pulse oximetry, a crucial tool for monitoring blood oxygen levels, by providing an affordable and effective alternative to traditional equipment. This technology has the potential to improve patient outcomes, particularly in resource-poor settings where timely intervention can be life-saving.
Severe sepsis increased by about 10% per year, affecting about 1 in 11,000 women; many cases occur in women with no known risk factors, highlighting the need for improved detection of sepsis.
A study found that a simple four-part program, including nicotine patches and counseling, can increase the percentage of patients who quit smoking before surgery. The intervention improved preoperative smoking cessation rates by about 10%, with patients in the group receiving the program being four times more likely to stop smoking.
Aromatherapy has been shown to be a promising, non-invasive treatment for postoperative nausea, with patients receiving essential oil blends experiencing lower nausea scores. Additionally, intravenous administration of a five percent solution of dextrose may reduce the need for antiemetic medications and shorten recovery time.
A recent study suggests that forced-air patient warming systems may affect airflow in operating rooms, potentially increasing exposure to bacteria and other contaminants during surgery. Conductive warming systems, on the other hand, do not disrupt ventilation airflows over the surgical site.
A study found that nearly half of older adults undergoing surgery with general anesthesia developed delirium in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), with 45% of patients experiencing delirium. Delirium is linked to decreased cognitive function and an increased risk of nursing home admission. The study suggests that even brief episodes ...
A study found high rates of burnout and depression among US anesthesiology residents, with nearly half considered at risk of burnout. The researchers also discovered that these conditions can affect the quality of patient care and increase medical errors.
A report in Anesthesia & Analgesia highlights retained guidewires as a complication that is always preventable yet still occurs. The article analyzes risk factors and contributing factors, including distraction of clinicians and task interruptions, to introduce preventive measures such as mandatory training programs and checklists.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine found no link between nitrous oxide anesthesia and increased risk of heart attack. Despite concerns about the impact on homocysteine levels, the study showed that B vitamins did not influence heart attack risk in surgery patients.
The 'epidemic' of sleep apnea in surgical patients poses significant financial burdens on hospitals due to the lack of evidence-based guidelines. A new study suggests that regional anesthesia can reduce major complications by 17% in patients with sleep apnea undergoing joint surgery.
Researchers found anesthesia-induced cell death in neurons is not limited to the immature brain, but targets neurons of a certain age and maturational stage. This finding may have implications for millions of children and adults undergoing surgical anesthesia annually.
Researchers developed a set of equations to estimate the initial dose of intrathecal spinal pain relievers, avoiding the need for epidural anesthesia trials. This approach could shorten time to satisfactory pain control in patients with uncontrolled cancer pain, allowing them to spend more of their remaining days at home.
Using regional anesthesia instead of general anesthesia decreases major complications in patients with sleep apnea undergoing total joint replacement. This study found that neuraxial anesthesia improves outcomes, reducing pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and infectious complications, as well as acute renal failure and hospital length of stay.
Neuraxial anesthesia reduces morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, and costs in patients undergoing hip or knee replacement. It lowers rates of pulmonary compromise, pneumonia, infections, and acute renal failure compared to general anesthesia.
Researchers studied over 900 patients with dementia and found that receiving general anesthesia for procedures after age 45 is not a risk factor for developing dementia. The study's findings provide reassurance for elderly patients undergoing surgery.
A University of Michigan study found that survival from cardiac arrest is higher when it occurs in the operating room (O.R.) or post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) compared to other hospital locations. The presence of anesthesia providers in these areas may improve outcomes for certain patients.
Two large patient databases show comparable rates of adverse outcomes with or without nitrous oxide; a significant reduction in the risk of death after surgery for patients receiving nitrous oxide. The findings remain unchanged on propensity score analysis, highlighting some limitations in the study data.
A new study from Stanford University School of Medicine found that using anesthesia during the external cephalic version procedure can increase the likelihood of successful breech baby turns, resulting in fewer cesarean sections. This leads to cost savings for women and their families.
Researchers at Tufts University found a statistical association between dental anesthesia and missing lower wisdom teeth in children. The study suggests that injecting anesthesia into young children may interrupt the development of wisdom teeth.
A study reports a rising rate of propofol abuse among health care professionals, characterized by rapid onset and quick recovery time, with most abusers being women with depression and history of childhood trauma. The study suggests that propofol abuse can lead to unintended side effects, including physical injuries and loss of control.
A recent UK survey found a significantly lower incidence of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia, with one episode known to anaesthetists in every 15,000 procedures. The study suggests that the use of brain monitoring technology is also low, with only 2% of anaesthetists routinely using it.
Researchers identified specific EEG signatures that indicate loss and regain of consciousness under propofol anesthesia. The study provides precise markers for monitoring patient unconsciousness and predicting recovery, potentially revolutionizing general anesthesia care.
A new study tracked brain activity in human volunteers as they lost and regained consciousness, revealing distinctive patterns linked to different stages of general anesthesia. The findings could improve monitoring systems used during surgery, reducing the risk of rare cases where patients wake up during operations.
Animal studies suggest that type of anesthetic used, number of exposures and age contribute to risk of inflammation, cognitive deficits. Research findings indicate potential safer alternatives for young children.
Researchers discovered purines, specifically adenosine, can generate outside cells to protect organs from anesthesia-induced damage. Activating adenosine receptors in critical organs like lungs and heart also provides protection.
Using regional anesthesia reduces need for blood transfusions and major complications in bilateral knee replacements, according to a new study. Patients receiving neuraxial anesthesia had lower rates of blood transfusions compared to general anesthesia.
Researchers found that anesthesia drugs like isoflurane boost activity in a part of the brain that increases during natural sleep, forcing important sleep circuits to fire. This finding could lead to a deeper understanding of how anesthetics work and potentially improve treatment options for patients.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found that surgery itself has a profound impact on brain pathology and cognition in mice with human Alzheimer disease genes. Surgery causes a lasting increase in Alzheimer's pathology and significant cognitive impairment, primarily through inflammation.
Advances in laparoscopic surgery have improved the care of patients with gallbladder disease, offering a less invasive alternative to open surgery. New tools and techniques have enhanced surgical outcomes, including reduced recovery times and fewer complications.
Researchers found that regional anesthesia was associated with a significant reduction in major pulmonary complications and death among hip fracture patients. The use of regional anesthesia versus general anesthesia resulted in a 29% lower adjusted odds of mortality and a 24% decrease in the adjusted odds of any inpatient pulmonary com...
A study of half a million patients found that 3% require critical care services after hip and knee replacements. Hospitals should prepare for the growing number of orthopedic patients needing critical care, with risk factors including age, comorbidities, and anesthesia type.
A new approach to preventing 'high spinal block' may be provided by a simple technique using local anesthetic mixed with magnetized ferrofluids, which can control the spread of spinal anesthesia. Researchers believe this technique could offer a second means of controlling block spread and provide a safeguard against serious complications.
Exercise significantly reduces neuropathic pain severity and inflammation-promoting cytokine expression in rats with sciatic nerve injury. This study provides evidence that exercise can be a helpful, non-pharmacological therapy for managing neuropathic pain.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that methylphenidate can reverse general anesthesia with propofol, showing its potential to wake patients up faster. This breakthrough could make general anesthesia safer and more efficient, especially in operating rooms where propofol is commonly used.
A study published in The Journal of Neuroscience found that primitive brain structures activate before neocortex when individuals regain consciousness after general anesthesia. This discovery provides new insights into the emergence of consciousness and its relationship with brain function.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center explored strategies to protect young children's brains from anesthesia damage. Three tested treatments - NAP, vitamin D3, and low-level ketamine - showed promise in preventing brain injury.
A study by RAND Corporation found that the use of anesthesia providers during GI procedures is increasing rapidly, with substantial regional variation. The study suggests that up to $1.1 billion in annual health spending may be unneeded, as most low-risk patients do not require this service.