Articles tagged with Anesthesia
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Researchers at UCLA found conscious sedation is a safe option for heart valve procedures, with shorter ICU and hospital stays, lower direct costs, and similar adverse event rates. The study suggests patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement should receive conscious sedation whenever possible.
A new study suggests that brain inflammation and cognitive decline following surgery are triggered by the brain's own microglia. In a mouse model, experimental oral drug depletion of microglia ahead of surgery prevented memory loss and reduced inflammatory molecules in the hippocampus.
A recent study published in Health Economics Review found that opting out of requiring physician supervision for anesthesia does not increase access to surgery or reduce costs. In fact, the study suggests that working without physician supervision may lead to higher costs related to inpatient surgical care.
A study published in Anesthesiology found that states opting out of Medicare's rule requiring physician supervision did not increase access to anesthesia care. Despite expectations, patients in 'opt-out' states were no less likely to travel further distances for procedures, suggesting that eliminating physician supervision may not be a...
An international study of 260 surgical patients found that just over four percent were conscious before the start of surgery, but none remembered it afterward. The researchers noted no long-term problems associated with brief awareness and emphasized that this does not dissuade patients from necessary surgeries.
A review of 22 studies on general surgery residents found a pooled estimate of 18% attrition prevalence, with significant variation between studies. The most common causes of attrition were uncontrollable lifestyle and choosing another specialty.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience has made significant discoveries about the effects of anesthesia on brain activity. The researchers found that neurons under anesthesia become highly synchronized and more sensitive to environmental stimuli, which challenges traditional views on consciousness.
A study of over 1,200 patients found that mild postoperative pulmonary complications are associated with increased intensive care unit admission and early mortality. The researchers call for more interventions to curb these risks and improve patient outcomes.
A nationwide study of Swedish children reveals a small association between exposure to surgery anesthesia before age 4 and slightly lower school grades at 16. Children with multiple surgeries had lower IQ scores, but the effects were small.
The new expert consensus statement provides recommendations for patient monitoring and sedation administration during pediatric cardiac catheterization procedures. Key findings highlight the need for standardized practices to minimize anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality in patients with congenital heart disease.
Researchers found that tranexamic acid effectively reduces bleeding in patients undergoing heart surgery. Additionally, studies suggest witholding common blood pressure medications before surgery may improve patient recovery and mortality rates.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered that stimulating dopamine neurons in mice receiving general anesthesia triggers signs of arousal, including movement and increased respiratory rate. This finding could lead to the development of new therapies to treat conditions like traumatic brain injury and coma.
A study suggests combining dental and medical procedures during general anesthesia can improve patient safety, reduce costs, and increase patient satisfaction. Nearly 87% of children who underwent combined procedures experienced no complications, with an average savings of $165,000 per case.
Activating dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area of the brain causes active emergence from general anesthesia. This could lead to faster recovery times and reduced side effects for patients. The researchers are now conducting further experiments to confirm these findings and develop a new treatment.
A study found that patients with public health insurance were more likely to experience high pain levels in the post anesthesia care unit, regardless of their overall health, age, gender, or neighborhood income. This disparity highlights the importance of considering insurance type as a factor in patient care.
The Perioperative Surgical Home (PSH) model has been shown to decrease imaging tests by 9%, lab tests by 22%, and blood transfusions by 87%. Hospital stays are also reduced, with a 50% decrease in length of stay. Patient satisfaction improves through better pain management and physician communication.
The study found that non-OR anesthesia cases increased from 28% to 36% between 2010 and 2014, with patients averaging 3.5 years older than OR patients. Colonoscopy was the most common non-OR procedure involving anesthesia.
A five-year study found that patients operated on at night are twice as likely to die compared to those who have surgery during regular working hours. The study also revealed that late-day surgeries carry a higher mortality risk, with patients in these situations 1.43 times more likely to die than those undergoing daytime operations.
Researchers found that administering a small dose of the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone before surgery and avoiding profound anesthesia can help reduce the incidence of POCD. After six months, pre-operative cognitive status was restored in all patients in the study.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine found that the experimental drug CX546 counters the negative effects of general anesthesia on nerve signaling and learning ability in young mice. This research holds promise for preventing long-term neurocognitive deficits in children who undergo multiple surgeries requiring anest...
A team of researchers has developed a nanoprobe that enables the direct measurement of key proteins within living, cultured cells. The device tracked levels of Alzheimer's-disease-associated proteins amyloid-beta and tau in neurons exposed to an anesthetic, revealing that A-beta generation precedes tau phosphorylation.
A multicenter study found that single exposure to general anesthesia before age 3 does not cause cognitive deficits in healthy children. IQ scores and secondary neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed later in life, showing no significant differences between exposed and non-exposed groups.
A new measure called the nociception (pain) level index allows physicians to more accurately evaluate responses to painful stimulation in patients under general anesthesia. This improved monitoring can lead to better anesthesia management, less pain upon regaining consciousness, and enhanced postoperative outcomes.
Researchers identified three critical protein domains affected by anesthesia, which directly impacts heart pumping function, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring in patients under general anesthesia. The study opens doors to developing new anesthetics without depressing heart function as a side effect.
A study published in NeuroImage reveals that general anesthesia leads to a 'communication breakdown' in the cortex, where isolated cognitive islands process sensory information without communicating with other areas. The researchers used precise measurements to observe the interruption between brain regions.
Researchers found that moderate sedation leads to better clinical outcomes, including lower 30-day mortality and shorter hospital stays, compared to general anesthesia. The study of over 10,997 patients suggests that moderate sedation is both safe and effective for TAVR procedures.
A large observational study demonstrated that moderate sedation use is linked to better patient outcomes for TAVR patients. Moderate sedation was found to reduce 30-day mortality rates by 23% and shorten hospital stays by approximately 1 day compared to general anesthesia.
Most anesthesia providers recognize the potential benefits of acupuncture on acute postoperative and chronic pain, as well as reducing anxiety. The majority express interest in acupuncture/acupressure education, suggesting a strong argument for incorporating alternative medicine into anesthesia curricula.
A study at Hospital for Special Surgery found that peripheral nerve blocks significantly reduce cardiac and wound complications in hip and knee replacement patients. The use of PNBs was associated with lower odds for almost all complications, particularly in resource utilization.
A large twin study found no significant association between major surgery and general anesthesia with long-term cognitive decline in older patients. Preoperative cognitive levels and underlying diseases are more important for cognitive functioning in aging patients following surgery.
A recent study finds that states that opted out of a federal rule requiring physician supervision for anesthesia care did not experience an increase in patient access to this service. In fact, opt-out states showed lower growth rates in anesthesia cases compared to non-opt-out states.
A recent study of over 9,000 anesthesia claims found that a commonly used billing code gives a false impression of nurse anesthetists practicing without physician supervision. The study suggests that nurse anesthetists often work with physicians, and using the modifier QZ code to represent solo care may be invalid.
A Mayo Clinic study found no association between surgical anesthesia and development of mild cognitive impairment in people aged 40 and older. Researchers evaluated over 1,700 participants and found that exposure to anesthesia did not increase the risk of mild cognitive impairment.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that while specialty prescribers concentrated opioid prescriptions, general practitioners wrote the most total prescriptions among Medicare prescribers. The authors analyzed 2013 Medicare data and focused on opioid prescriptions containing over 20 different opioids.
A large study published in The Lancet found that limited exposure to general anesthesia in infancy does not increase the risk of developmental issues. The study involved over 700 infants and compared the outcomes of children who received general anesthesia with those who received spinal anesthesia.
A study found that repeated exposure to anesthesia during infancy can alter emotional behavior, which persists for at least five months. The research used a rhesus monkey model and found that exposed subjects exhibited anxious behaviors compared to healthy controls.
A study in the Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases explores the pros and cons of general anesthesia versus conscious sedation for stroke patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery. The authors conclude that an anesthesiologist or anesthesia care team should be present to provide sedation, regardless of the approach used.
Studies reveal age-related changes in anesthesia-induced brain activity, including reduced EEG oscillations and altered synchronization in older patients. In contrast, young children show distinct brain wave patterns that mirror development milestones.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers reveals a distinctive EEG pattern associated with high-dose nitrous oxide anesthesia. This finding may help explain the drug's mechanisms and provide insights into the development of new anesthetics.
Researchers found large-amplitude slow-delta waves in patients receiving nitrous oxide, twice as powerful as those seen in deep sleep. The discovery could lead to better anesthetic dosing decisions and alleviate concerns about awareness under anesthesia.
A Wayne State research team has developed a new anesthesia monitoring technology that uses real-time data analysis to predict patient responses to anesthesia. This system provides individualized and dynamic prediction of anesthesia depth and vital signs, allowing anesthesiologists to make more accurate decisions during surgery.
Research suggests that general anesthesia before age 4 may lead to diminished language comprehension, lower IQ, and decreased gray matter density in the brain. The study highlights the potential need for mitigating strategies to improve child health outcomes.
A study published by the American Society of Anesthesiologists found that spinal anesthesia is safer than general anesthesia for infants undergoing hernia surgery. The research revealed that regional anesthesia reduces the risk of complications such as apnea, breathing difficulties, and developmental issues in young children.
Concentrations of anesthetics desflurane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane have been rising globally, making a small contribution to climate change. The gases are potent greenhouse-gas effects, with one kilogram of desflurane equivalent to 2,500 kilograms of carbon dioxide.
A new website called WebTIPS provides individualized information and support to help children and parents prepare for surgery, reducing anxiety levels. The site uses evidence-based strategies and interactive features like animations and games to familiarize children with the hospital experience.
Anesthetics bind to and interfere with certain proteins in excitatory neurons, which are necessary for signal transmission involved in anesthesia and pain perception. This discovery may lead to more targeted and safer concentration levels of anesthetics.
A study published in JAMA Network found that premedication with lorazepam did not improve patient satisfaction after surgery, but was associated with longer extubation times and lower cognitive recovery rates. The researchers suggest a lack of benefit for routine use of sedatives as pre-medication.
Research suggests that anesthetics could have a lasting effect on children's cognitive abilities, with those under three years old at higher risk of adverse effects. The University of Toronto team recommends avoiding anesthetics for young children unless necessary for life-saving procedures.
Scientists discovered two novel anesthetic compounds through a screening process of over 350,000 compounds, which interacted with apoferritin. The breakthrough could lead to the development of new, safer general anesthetics, as traditional drugs have been largely unchanged for decades.
A study published in The Journal of General Physiology has found that commonly used anesthetics affect ion channel proteins, impairing cell-to-cell communication. This discovery could lead to the development of improved anesthetics with fewer side effects.
A new study found that general anesthesia impairs memory in mice by increasing the activation of α5GABA(A) receptors, leading to reduced synaptic plasticity. Inhibition of these receptors reversed memory defects in animals given anesthesia, suggesting a potential treatment for post-anesthesia cognitive impairment.
A study of 77 women who died during pregnancy or childbirth found no racial difference in the risk of pregnancy-related death, contrary to national trends. However, distance from the hospital was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality, suggesting that differences in health care access may be a contributing factor.
A study published in the Journal of Healthcare Risk Management found that anesthesia-related deaths have declined, but complications persist. The research highlights the importance of patient communication, thorough medical history, and preoperative assessments to prevent injuries.
A new study by Case Western Reserve University found that moderate sedation is used to calm anxiety in over half of patients, with fear of needles being the second most common reason. The study provides a guideline for when to use moderate sedation, but raises concerns about endodontist training and certification.
A new study introduces the 'area under the curve of oxygen desaturation', which provides a more comprehensive approach to monitoring blood oxygen levels during procedures. This measure, known as AUC Desat, includes information on the depth, duration, and rate of episodes of oxygen desaturation.
A massive study of 3 million general anaesthetics reveals that most episodes of awareness are short-lived, but 51% lead to distress and 41% to longer-term psychological harm. The use of muscle relaxants is a significant risk factor.
A nationwide survey of Swedish anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists found low awareness of cognitive side effects following surgery. Postoperative cognitive impairments can have major implications for patient care. Investigators called for improved knowledge on risk factors, prevention, and management.
Patients with low vitamin D levels are at increased risk of death and serious complications after noncardiac surgery. Higher vitamin D concentrations were associated with decreased odds of in-hospital mortality/morbidity, but the association was only statistically significant for cardiovascular complications.
A new 'ramp control' anesthetic technique has been developed to simplify preoperative testing for patients with severe sleep apnea. The simplified approach allows doctors to visualize the site of airway obstruction in just four minutes, while achieving minimal drops in blood oxygen levels.
Stimulating the ventral tegmental area with mild electric currents induced dopamine release and restored conscious behaviors in anesthetized rats. The study suggests that dopamine release from this region may play a role in emergence from general anesthesia.