Research on what raises a person's risk of disease and injury. Covers cardiovascular and aneurysm risk, medication in pregnancy, youth behavior, and suicide risk.
Researchers found that childhood sexual abuse, poor parent-child relationships, and low social support were common risk factors for depression in both men and women. However, the study revealed that childhood parental loss and low self-esteem were more potent variables in men than in women.
A study by UCSF researchers found that medical students with early warning signs of unprofessional behavior were nearly nine times more likely to be disciplined as practicing physicians. The study recommends reviewing medical school admissions and graduation standards to include explicit language about professional behavior.
A study of over 9,400 men found a strong association between erectile dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease, including angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, and transient ischemic attack. Men with erectile dysfunction were found to have a 25-45% increased risk of cardiovascular events compared to those without the condition.
Researchers analyzed data from over 41,000 adults and found a significant association between tooth loss and heart disease, even among those who had never smoked. The study highlights the importance of promoting good oral health to prevent cardiovascular disease.
Research reveals that nearly 20% of U.S. adolescents and adults under 50 have low cardiorespiratory fitness, associated with higher risks of heart disease and other chronic conditions. Low fitness is more common in females, non-Hispanic blacks, and those with higher body mass index and waist circumference.
A novel partnership between Indian institutions and the government aims to document the causes of death in rural and urban areas. The Verbal Autopsy method has already demonstrated reliable measurement of deaths in young and middle-aged individuals, and will be expanded to collect physical measurements and blood samples.
Researchers found a significant association between women who have experienced recurrent SIDS and complications in future pregnancies, including smaller gestational age infants and preterm deliveries. The study suggests a possible mechanism for recurrent SIDS that may be linked to previous infant death.
Research published in The Lancet suggests that light to moderate alcohol consumption may have little to no health benefits, outweighing the potential harms. Professor Rod Jackson's findings emphasize that there is no 'safe' window for drinking, and individuals should avoid consuming alcohol altogether.
A gene variant in Complement Factor H is associated with an increased risk of soft drusen, a precursor to advanced age-related macular degeneration. The study found that the CFH variant contributes to the development of soft drusen but does not determine who will progress to advanced AMD.
Researchers found that higher levels of inflammatory markers Lp-PLA2 and CRP were associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke. The study included 12,762 middle-aged men and women, and found that individuals with high levels of both markers were at the highest risk.
A large cohort study found that octogenarians undergoing open heart surgery have a 72% higher risk of death, longer hospital stays, and increased neurologic complications compared to younger patients. Age is an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality after controlling for other variables.
Nine behavioral and environmental risk factors contribute to a third of global cancer deaths. Lifestyle changes and environment modifications can prevent many types of cancer.
Researchers found that nine modifiable risk factors contribute significantly to cancer mortality worldwide. These include low fruit and vegetable intake, physical inactivity, and exposure to urban air pollution. Implementing lifestyle and environmental interventions can prevent a substantial proportion of cancer-related deaths.
Researchers found that replacing carbohydrates with protein and unsaturated fat can lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of heart disease. The OmniHeart study suggests that these modifications can be effective in reducing some risk factors and estimated risk for heart disease.
The NHLBI research presented at the American Heart Association's scientific sessions highlights important findings on women and heart disease, including a link between high levels of male sex hormones and coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women. The study also explores the impact of socioeconomic status on cardiovascular diseas...
Researchers found a significant negative correlation between urine albumin levels and adiponectin hormone in obese mice. In humans, low adiponectin levels were associated with albuminuria, an indicator of kidney disease.
The study found that children who ate out more frequently had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lower levels of good cholesterol, and smaller LDL particle size. They also consumed more starch, sugar, sodium, fat, and cholesterol than their peers who ate at home.
A recent study suggests that current medical research methods are flawed and may miss signs of harm or benefit in subgroups of patients. Risk-stratified analysis, which considers multiple factors, can help detect these issues and provide more accurate information for doctors to discuss with patients.
A three-year study by the University of Manchester found that people migrating from India to Britain are at greater risk of cardiovascular disease due to higher body mass, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. The research highlights the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise.
Research from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute finds untreated obstructive sleep apnea significantly increases cardiovascular disease risks, including high blood pressure, heart attack, and diabetes. The study's findings support the importance of diagnosing and treating sleep apnea to reduce associated health risks.
Researchers found that household-related factors account for a similar level of variation in susceptibility to malaria as host genetic factors. Children living in high-risk households had twice as many infections per year as those in low-risk households.
A recent study found that anxiety disorders more than doubled the risk of suicidal thoughts and tripled the risk of suicide attempts in individuals with mood disorders. The presence of any anxiety disorder in combination with a mood disorder was also associated with a higher likelihood of suicide attempts.
Research finds significant regional variations in US low birth weight rates, with some areas having rates up to 3 times higher than others despite controlling for established risk factors like race and socioeconomic status. The study suggests that improvements in social and healthcare systems can lead to better neonatal outcomes.
Researchers identified five dietary patterns among adult men, ranking them according to their nutritional risk. The study found close associations between these patterns and chronic disease profiles, emphasizing the importance of preventive nutrition interventions to promote health in the male population.
Researchers found African-American men had significantly lower calcified plaque in coronary and carotid arteries. The study, which included 1,000 white participants and 180 black participants, used high-speed CT scans to measure plaque levels.
Researchers found associations between PBC and family history of Sjogren's syndrome, urinary tract infection, smoking, nail polish use, and hormone replacement therapy. Never having been pregnant also showed protection from developing the disease.
Scientists have identified genetic variants in PPARG and CAPN10 genes that increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, particularly in individuals with other risk factors. A large-scale study found that these variants can predict diabetes in high-risk individuals from families with T2D.
A recent study found that smoking significantly increases the risk of colorectal cancer in women, with the effect being more pronounced than in men. The researchers also discovered that colon cancer screening is beneficial for patients aged 75 and older, despite potential complications from endoscopy.
A study found that employees who perceived a high level of justice at work had a 30% lower risk of developing coronary heart disease. The association was independent of other risk factors, including job strain and effort-reward imbalance.
Researchers found that lipid levels and heart rate variability are 60-80% determined by genetics, with blacks showing a more favorable pattern of heart rate variability. The study provides new insight into the development of cardiovascular disease and may lead to targeted treatment strategies.
A study found that child and environmental factors are stronger predictors of early alcohol experimentation in late childhood, rather than family history. This is associated with increased rates of psychiatric disorders, poor physical health, and criminal behavior in adulthood.
Researchers discovered that Australians with small blood vessel changes in their eyes were 70% more likely to experience a stroke over seven years. The study's findings suggest that eye examinations could help predict stroke risk, providing a potential window for early intervention.
A study found that midlife obesity is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease later in life. High systolic blood pressure, high total cholesterol levels, and clustering of these vascular risk factors also contribute to this risk.
Researchers found elevated C-reactive protein levels frequently accompanied traditional heart disease risk factors like smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure. High CRP levels were more common among those with at least one risk factor for heart disease.
A recent study by Ravi Retnakaran and colleagues found that Aboriginal youths who smoked more than six cigarettes per day had higher systolic blood pressure and plasma homocysteine levels. The study highlights the importance of addressing smoking habits among Aboriginal youth to prevent cardiovascular disease.
The Lancet seminar highlights the need for collaboration between nursing, dietetic, and physical-activity experts to develop novel ways to tackle obesity. The medical profession is waking up to the political and industrial challenges of obesity, but more needs to be done to address its management and prevention.
Research found a link between high blood homocysteine levels and decreased cognitive performance in individuals over 60. Taking vitamin B12, B6, and folate supplements may help prevent mild cognitive deficit in older adults.
A new method predicts the risk of emergency caesarean section for women attempting a vaginal birth after a previous caesarean section. The method takes into account several factors, including maternal age and sex of the baby, to identify those at low risk of complications.
Research using Kaiser Permanente's ATRIA Study cohort found that women with atrial fibrillation have a higher incidence of ischemic stroke when not taking Warfarin therapy. The study indicates being a woman is an independent risk factor for stroke, influencing treatment options.
A study found that coronary calcium scans can predict heart disease in healthy men, particularly those between 40-50 years old. The scans detected coronary calcium in approximately 20% of the men, and they were 11.8 times more likely to suffer a cardiac event than those without deposits.
The article highlights the significant disparity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) knowledge and treatment among European women. Women are more likely to develop CVD ten years after men, but it is also more lethal when it occurs suddenly, such as one year after a heart attack.
The study found a strong social gradient in metabolic syndrome, with individuals from lower socio-economic positions having a higher risk of the condition. Despite healthier lifestyles among those with higher education levels, the risk was still significantly lower for those with higher education.
Research studies with smaller sample sizes are more prone to false results. Additionally, scientific fields with smaller postulated effects tend to have higher rates of false positive claims. Financial interests and prejudices can also influence the accuracy of research findings.
A large study found no link between MS risk and birth order position, contradicting the hygiene hypothesis. In fact, individuals with MS tended to be born later in larger sibships than expected.
The study found a significant increase in nonmelanoma skin cancer incidence among young adults, with rates rising by 13.4% for women and 22.9% for men between 1976-1979. Squamous cell carcinoma incidence also increased significantly over the study period, emphasizing the need to focus on prevention.
Researchers followed 8527 people over 13 years to investigate the link between depression, fatigue, and cancer. Despite finding behaviors that increased cancer risk, they found no association between vital exhaustion scores and cancer risk.
A new study has established a significant correlation between waist circumference and components of the metabolic syndrome, including elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, in children. The research found that abdominal obesity, as measured by waist circumference, is an independent...
Researchers identified three key risk factors for lethal prostate cancer recurrence after surgery: PSA doubling time, time from surgery to recurrence, and Gleason score. These risk factors allow doctors to distinguish between patients who need further treatment and those who can be closely monitored.
A study found that PSA doubling time, pathological Gleason score, and time from surgery to biochemical recurrence are significant risk factors for prostate-specific death. Patients at high risk can be identified and offered aggressive treatment, while those at low risk can be safely observed.
Researchers found that senior players aged over 27 were more likely to suffer further hamstring injuries. The study also discovered that flexibility had no impact on the risk of such injuries in elite footballers, who account for 13% of all AFL player injuries.
A new study by Stanford researchers found that gastric bypass surgery significantly improves cardiovascular risk factors, including triglycerides and C-reactive protein levels. The procedure lowers these risks by up to 50%, even beyond what would be expected from weight loss alone.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet found an inverse relationship between the birth weight of a baby and the risk of cardiovascular diseases among fathers, suggesting genetic factors may be at play. The study also revealed that mothers of babies with low birth weights are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
A study found that relatives of black patients with early-onset lung cancer had a risk of developing lung cancer that was more than twice as high as those of white patients. Smokers with a family history of early-onset lung cancer also faced an increased risk, especially after age 60.
A study by Carla Cesaroni found that 10-15% of incarcerated male youth experience stress in custody due to vulnerabilities and institutional factors. Institutions can play a critical role in fostering a pro-social environment and improving rehabilitation outcomes.
Multiple short exposures to wet work can cause more dermatitis than single long exposures, emphasizing the need for preventive measures. Reducing frequent and intense exposure of hands to water, detergents, and soaps is crucial in preventing hand eczema.
A 1994-2003 study analyzed TB cases among homeless and non-homeless persons to identify overlapping risk factors. The study found a higher proportion of TB cases associated with homelessness in western and southern states, with most affected males aged 30-59.
A study comparing New York and Michigan angioplasty data shows major differences in patient selection. Despite this, the researchers found no difference in overall death risk when adjusting for underlying health conditions.
A University of Pittsburgh psychiatrist warns that researchers must be more rigorous in designing and conducting clinical studies, as well as use clear language when describing findings. This can help prevent confusing reports on health risks that are extrapolated from studies and reported by the media.
The National Children's Study aims to track 100,000 children's health from birth to 21, but faces $2.7 billion funding gap over 25 years. The study will examine environmental factors contributing to childhood chronic disease, with potential economic benefits of reducing disease burden by 1% annually.
A large-scale Danish study found no association between risk of autism and various birth factors, including mode of delivery, fetal presentation, and socioeconomic status. Family history of schizophrenia was linked to increased autism risk, independently of obstetric factors.