Articles tagged with Risk Factors
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A large study found that untreated severe sleep breathing disorder, also known as obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea, significantly increases the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in men. Effective treatment with CPAP reduces this risk. Simple snoring is not a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
A study of over 13,700 US school students found that those involved in substance use, delinquency, and school problems were at high risk for continued marijuana use. The study identified five stages of marijuana involvement and recommended targeting these areas for prevention efforts.
A three-week study of ten obese volunteers with mild type 2 diabetes mellitus found that a very low-carbohydrate diet led to an average weight loss of 3.6 pounds, primarily due to reduced calorie intake rather than loss of body fluid or increased metabolism. The results suggest that carbohydrate restriction may stimulate excessive appe...
A study of postmenopausal women found that a high white blood cell count is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death. Women in the highest quartile had a doubled risk for coronary heart disease death, 40% higher risk for nonfatal heart attacks, and 50% higher risk for total mortality.
A common gene variant in the complement factor H (CFH) gene is associated with a 43% increase in risk of age-related macular degeneration. This finding sheds light on the disease's underlying mechanisms and could lead to new therapeutic approaches. Understanding the role of CFH may ultimately enable early detection and prevention of AMD.
A long-term study of 835 participants found moderate acetabular dysplasia to be a strong independent risk factor for hip OA. Women with acetabular dysplasia had a higher incidence and severity of hip OA, especially those with high-stress workloads and low BMI.
A large US study confirms that prior caesarean section does not increase the risk of future stillbirth. The research used a massive dataset of over 250,000 patients and found no association between prior caesarean delivery and increased risk of stillbirth.
A recent study found that consuming high amounts of dairy products and fruits/vegetables was associated with lower risk for functional limitations and disability. The researchers suggest that calcium and vitamin D from dairy foods, as well as antioxidants in fruits and vegetables, may play a role in reducing disability risk.
Researchers found that rheumatoid arthritis patients are twice as likely to develop congestive heart failure, independent of other cardiovascular risk factors. This association remained consistent across all ages and sexes, and was particularly pronounced among those with rheumatoid factor-positive RA.
A large multiethnic cohort study found that midlife cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes and high cholesterol, are strongly linked to an increased risk of dementia in later life. The study also suggests that treating these risk factors may reduce the risk for dementia.
A recent Stanford study has identified a link between genetic differences in African-Americans and an increased risk of hypertension. The research, which analyzed the genetic profiles of over 270 individuals, suggests that specific genes in regions near chromosomes 6 and 21 may contribute to high blood pressure risk in African-Americans.
Researchers found that elevated levels of ávâ6 expression in colon carcinoma cells are associated with reduced patient survival. The molecule is identified as an independent prognostic marker for colorectal cancer and predictive of early-stage disease outcomes.
Researchers used Mendelian randomization to investigate the link between homocysteine levels and stroke risk. They found that individuals with a specific genetic variation had higher homocysteine levels and increased stroke risk, suggesting a potential role for folic acid and B vitamins in preventing strokes.
Alcohol consumption was a significant risk factor in fatal plane crashes, with 52% occurring at night and 64% in worsening weather. Researchers hope to design programs similar to those combating drunk-driving to lower accident rates.
Researchers found that all four popular diets resulted in modest weight loss at 1 year, but only 25% of participants sustained weight loss over 5%, highlighting the importance of dietary adherence. The study challenges the notion that one diet is best for everyone and suggests a 'nutrigenomic' approach may be necessary.
A recent study by Group Health Research Institute has identified key risk factors for kidney infections in women under 50. The research found that frequent sexual intercourse, recent urinary tract infections, new sex partners, family history of UTIs, and spermicide use are associated with a higher risk of kidney infection.
The study found substantial improvements in exercise groups, including a 16% increase in aerobic fitness and a 17% increase in strength fitness. In contrast, the control group showed less improvement, indicating that exercise is an effective treatment for metabolic syndrome in older adults.
A study examining genetic factors in lung cancer found increased risks for first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of patients with lung cancer. The risk was stronger for early-onset disease, suggesting a possible genetic component beyond environmental factors.
A recent study published in Archives of Surgery found that patients with abdominal trauma are at high risk of developing intra-abdominal infections following surgery. The likelihood of infection increased with more severe wounds, contamination of the abdominal cavity, and admission to the intensive care unit.
A new UCLA study found that individuals with high socioeconomic status have higher cardiovascular risk factors than those with lower SES. The researchers also discovered that improving one's SES is associated with improved risk profiles.
A study of 124 radiologists found that the accuracy of mammographic interpretation is more closely related to characteristics such as direct feedback and training than years of experience or volume. The study suggests that increasing volume requirements may not improve performance.
A study found that prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy were at high risk of osteoporosis, yet few received prevention or treatment. Only primary care physicians were aggressive in managing osteoporosis risk.
A study found that exposure to anger, negative emotions, or sudden changes in body position can increase the risk of stroke by up to 14 times within two hours. The study examined 200 people with ischemic strokes and found a link between these triggers and stroke, potentially offering new avenues for prevention and intervention.
A study found that high levels of red meat consumption are associated with a two-fold increased risk of developing inflammatory arthritis. Lower vitamin C intake was also linked to an increased disease risk.
A low-glycemic load diet was found to be more effective in reducing hunger and improving metabolic rate during weight loss. The diet also showed beneficial effects on several obesity-related risk factors compared to a low-fat diet.
Researchers detected distinct brain activation patterns in individuals carrying the APOE-å4 risk factor and found potential evidence of early Alzheimer's changes. The study suggests that these individuals may be compensating for damage by switching to alternate brain networks, providing insights into disease predisposition.
This study explores the relationship between adolescent personality characteristics and environmental risk factors. It reveals that possessing protective assets like self-esteem and problem-solving skills may not be enough to counteract the negative effects of multiple risk factors across various settings. Instead, community-based inte...
Heavy lifetime alcohol users have a 60 percent greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those in the lowest category. The study found that drinking patterns independently predict the risk of metabolic syndrome.
Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels are associated with a significantly increased risk of ischemic stroke, even after accounting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The enzyme's potential as an independent diagnostic measure is being evaluated.
A five-year study of over 2,600 elders found a significant link between the metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline. Elders with both the syndrome and high levels of inflammation showed a higher risk of cognitive decline, highlighting the importance of addressing cardiovascular risk factors to prevent dementia.
Researchers found that early cardiovascular changes, such as carotid artery narrowing and electrocardiographic abnormalities, are strong independent risk factors for future cardiovascular events. These measures were more powerful in identifying high-risk individuals among women, particularly black women, who faced a significantly highe...
Maintaining a stable weight has been shown to lower risk factors for heart disease in young adults. Over a 15-year period, those who maintained their weight showed no significant increase in cardiovascular disease risk factors, compared to those who gained weight.
A diet high in walnuts decreases C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation associated with heart disease. The study found that walnut consumption lowered total cholesterol, LDLs, and triglycerides, while also reducing inflammatory markers.
A recent study found that nearly 82% of participants who gained 15 pounds or more over 15 years developed metabolic syndrome, a group of metabolic risk factors linked to increased heart disease risk. Weight stabilization is recommended as a key public health strategy.
A recent study found that maintaining a stable weight, even for obese individuals, significantly reduces the risk of heart disease. The study, which followed over 2,500 young adults for 15 years, revealed that those who gained weight were nearly five times more likely to develop metabolic syndrome and related health issues.
A study of 9,611 older adults found that regular physical activity in middle age significantly reduced the risk of early death. Even light activities like walking or gardening provided a protective effect.
A large study found that breastfeeding for at least 24 months reduces the risk of rheumatoid arthritis by 50%, while irregular menstrual cycles between ages 20-35 increase the risk. The study also confirms a peak risk of RA around menopause age 50-54.
In a subgroup of high-risk patients, VYTORIN significantly reduced LDL cholesterol by 59% compared to Lipitor. This resulted in more patients achieving an LDL cholesterol goal of less than 100mg/dL with VYTORIN, and increased HDL cholesterol levels.
A new study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that intra-abdominal fat is a significant predictor of heart attack risk. Researchers discovered that as people age, fat tends to accumulate in the abdomen more than other areas, increasing the risk of heart attacks.
A recent study found that 91% of patients with cardiovascular disease suffered from moderate to severe periodontitis, while 66% in non-cardiac patients. Periodontitis may influence the occurrence and severity of coronary artery disease and increase heart attack or stroke risk.
Studies examining prehypertension reveal a significant increase in heart disease and stroke risks among affected individuals. Prehypertension is associated with unfavorable levels of other major cardiovascular disease risk factors and contributes to a substantial burden on the healthcare system.
A controlled study found that bariatric surgery is associated with an increased risk of peripheral neuropathy (PN), a condition causing pain and weakness. The study highlights the importance of nutritional counseling and follow-up care to prevent PN complications, which are largely preventable.
A recent study examining obese postmenopausal women found that visceral fat storage was the main determinant of metabolic syndrome and increased cardiovascular disease risk. High-intensity exercise and general weight reduction were identified as potential strategies to reduce this risk.
Research by FSU scientist Cathy Levenson reveals that dietary iron imbalances trigger a chain of cellular events increasing the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Excessive iron levels precipitate symptoms in healthy mice, while low levels delay onset and slow disease progression in those already infected.
A pilot study dubbed STAND UP! aims to monitor food intake and physical activity in schools to reduce risk factors for type 2 diabetes among sixth-graders. The program's results will be used to improve the intervention before expanding it to middle schools nationwide.
A study found that diet counseling was provided in less than 45% of visits and exercise counseling in under 30% with patients at risk of heart disease. The lack of counseling is attributed to physicians' perceived lack of training and tools, as well as reimbursement constraints.
A Swedish study reveals that smoking substantially raises the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, particularly in individuals with the shared epitope gene. The research, published in Arthritis & Rheumatism, found a significant interaction between smoking and the SE gene, increasing the disease risk to 7.5 times.
A large population-based study found that current smokers have a 2.8-7.5 times increased risk of rheumatoid factor positive RA, while those with the SE gene have a 15.7 times higher risk. The study suggests a strong interaction between smoking and the shared epitope gene in increasing disease risk.
A team of researchers from MIT has identified three new carcinogens found in cigarette smoke as risk factors for bladder cancer in nonsmokers. The study, led by Professor Steven R. Tannenbaum, aimed to identify sources of exposure for non-smokers and highlights the importance of preventing cancer rather than treating it.
Researchers found that six days of moderate-intensity exercise improved insulin action in sedentary, overweight individuals by 40%, while traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors showed positive trends. In contrast, those who consumed sports drinks and additional food during exercise showed no significant changes or even negat...
A case-control study of 300 bladder cancer patients and 300 control subjects found higher levels of arylamine-hemoglobin adducts in cancer patients than in control subjects. The findings suggest exposure to arylamines is a causal factor for most cases of bladder cancer in humans, with potential non-smoking-related sources identified.
A study found that young women with favorable levels of cardiovascular risk factors have lower age-specific risks for cardiovascular disease and death. Among those at low risk, CHD and CVD cease to occur at epidemic rates.
A recent study published in JAMA found that young adult women with low cardiovascular risk factors experience significantly lower mortality rates compared to those with high risk factors. The researchers analyzed data from the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project, which screened over 40,000 people between 1967 and 1973.
Two studies strengthen the connection between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease, showing that reduced kidney function increases the risk of death, heart disease, and hospitalization. Early detection and treatment are crucial to slow CKD progression and prevent these complications.
A significant social gradient in the incidence of type 2 diabetes was observed among civil servants, with men and women in lower employment grades having a higher risk of developing the disease. Effort-reward imbalance was also found to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in men.
Research at Duke University Medical Center found a significant association between elevated CRP levels and negative psychological attributes. Respondents with anger, hostility, and mild to moderate depression had significantly higher CRP levels, associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke.
A Mediterranean diet rich in plant foods and fish, combined with physical activity, moderate alcohol use, and nonsmoking, was found to lower all-cause death risk by 23%, coronary heart disease risk by 37%, and cancer risk by 22%. Having all four low-risk factors resulted in a 65% reduced death rate.
A study published in JAMA found that walking less than 0.25 miles per day was associated with a 1.8-fold increased risk of dementia compared to those who walked more than 2 miles per day. Regular walking was also linked to a reduced risk of dementia, with men who walked the most experiencing significantly lower risk.
A recent study by a U.Va researcher found that walking regularly is associated with benefits for cognitive function later in life. Men who walked over two miles per day had significantly lower dementia risk compared to those who walked less than a quarter mile per day.
Research suggests a combination of sweet liking and novelty seeking can predict alcoholism in individuals, particularly children of alcoholic fathers. Sweet likers with high novelty seeking are more likely to develop alcoholism due to related brain function and sensitivity to rewarding effects.