Articles tagged with Endosomes
Researchers have discovered that vesicles generated from cell-surface protrusions can deliver active proteins and genome-editing enzymes far more efficiently than conventional extracellular vesicles. This natural delivery system may enable the development of safer and more precise strategies for genome editing, regenerative medicine, a...
New research from Washington University School of Medicine identifies a key step in rotavirus infection and shows that disabling this process can prevent infection. The discovery opens up new avenues for therapeutic intervention, potentially treating not only rotavirus but also other pathogens with similar infection mechanisms.
Researchers at Nagoya University have developed a new lipid nanoparticle that delivers mRNA five times more efficiently, allowing better delivery of genetic instructions to cells. The study showed significant improvements in mRNA delivery and effective suppression of tumor growth in mice.
Researchers discovered that slowing down intracellular transport of RNA-based drugs increases their effectiveness in treating genetic diseases. The study identified key genes involved in endosomal transport and found that selectively switching off a specific gene can prolong ASO residence time, boosting therapeutic efficacy.
A new class of zwitterionic phospholipids, DOPE-Cx, enhances the functional delivery of mRNA via lipid nanoparticles, overcoming endosomal escape and improving mRNA expression. This breakthrough paves the way for advanced therapeutic applications, including mRNA vaccines, cancer treatment, and protein replacement therapy.
Researchers develop BEND lipids to improve LNP mRNA delivery and gene editing by breaking through the endosomal membrane. The new lipids outperform existing LNPs used in COVID-19 vaccines, with improved efficacy rates up to tenfold.
Researchers uncovered how mutated PSEN2 accelerates disease progression in familial Alzheimer's disease by impairing synaptic function and disrupting cellular processes.
Research finds that viral genome replication increases with efficient TMPRSS2-mediated entry, leading to stronger immune response and faster death. The presence of TMPRSS2 also enhances virus production and drives convergent evolution in SARS-CoV-2 variants.
The study reveals two distinct modes of endosomal fusion: homotypic fusion, where small vesicles fuse rapidly, and heterotypic fusion, where large vesicles absorb endosomes. Mathematical analysis and experiments suggest that actin dynamics plays a crucial role in promoting homotypic fusion.
A new nanocarrier has been developed that can selectively release drugs in cancer cells through controlled endosomal escape. The approach exploits the unique enzymatic activity of cancer cells, allowing for targeted delivery and reduced harm to healthy cells.
Scientists discovered a novel mechanism for removing mtDNA from mitochondria, which can initiate an immune response promoting inflammation. The discovery reveals new targets for therapeutics to disrupt the inflammatory pathway and mitigate inflammation during aging and diseases.
Prolonged endosomal defects lead to cell death, but the effects on cellular signaling were poorly understood. Endosomal stress caused by USP8 depletion induces immune responses and activates NF-kB- and Nrf2-mediated gene expression.
A team of researchers at NYU College of Dentistry has successfully modified an existing anti-nausea drug to target the endosomes within cells, thereby providing a more prolonged analgesic effect. The modified netupitant showed improved pain-relieving properties compared to its original form and other drugs targeting similar receptors.
Researchers discovered that starvation causes changes in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structure in human cells, leading to impaired mitochondrial function and severe energy deficiency. This mechanism is crucial for understanding the progression of X-linked centronuclear myopathy.
A team of scientists from Ural Federal University has developed a complex mathematical model to understand the dynamics of nanoparticles and viruses in cells. The model reveals how viruses cluster inside endosomes and interact with cellular proteins, shedding light on their behavior and replication mechanisms. This breakthrough can hel...
A team of researchers from Kumamoto University has developed a transformable polyrotaxane carrier that can facilitate genome editing using Cas9RNP with high efficiency. The carrier, called amino-PRX, is multi-step transformable and has low cytotoxicity, making it an enormously promising candidate for safe and efficient delivery.
Researchers have discovered a common thread between multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, dementia with Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. A protein called TMEM106B forms fibrils in diseased brain tissue, potentially hobbling cells.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system generate pain signals during migraines. Blocking these signaling pathways using nanoparticles offers promise for novel migraine treatments.
Scientists at the University of Münster and Max Planck Institute have clarified the molecular basis for cellular degradation processes by elucidating the 3D structure of Mon1/Ccz1. The complex determines which vesicles deliver their content to the lysosome, a key step in protein regulation.
Scientists have identified a key receptor in the digestive tract that triggers pain and inflammation in the colon. By blocking this receptor from entering cells, researchers found significant reduction in pain and inflammation. This discovery holds promise for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
Scientists at UC San Diego create nanoparticles that mimic the flu virus's ability to escape endosomes, enabling efficient delivery of mRNA into cells. This breakthrough could lead to improved delivery of mRNA vaccines and therapies.
Researchers discover that a slightly acidic environment is conducive to the formation of Alzheimer's disease-causing toxic protein aggregates, known as Aβ oligomers. The study also reveals that endosomes and lysosomes play a crucial role in their development.
Researchers at Kanazawa University used high-speed atomic force microscopy to study the fusogenic transition of Influenza A hemagglutinin, revealing its interaction with exosomes and facilitating viral membrane fusion. This study provides important insights into the mechanism of HA-mediated membrane fusion.
A new platform has been developed to deliver molecules that target specific genes within cells, showing promise in treating glioblastoma brain cancer. The system uses a modified form of diphtheria toxin to escape the cell's endosome and deliver therapeutic vehicles.
Researchers at Norwegian University of Science and Technology have found a previously unknown way for the immune system to detect and respond to HIV infection. This discovery may hold the key to allowing the 'shock-and-kill' approach to work, where the virus is activated to be visible to the immune system and then killed.
A recent study reveals that the Golgi organelle is crucial for maintaining endosome function, contradicting conventional knowledge. The research used genetic mutations and drugs to inhibit transport processes, showing that Golgi transport is necessary for optimal endosome maintenance.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science found that vesicles transported out of the Golgi, not from the cell membrane, are crucial for endosome formation. This discovery reveals a new mechanism to explain how cells sort and distribute substances.
A new study demonstrates how ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein 1 (ANKHD1) forms the early endosome, enabling cellular transport. The ARD of ANKHD1 contains 25 ankyrin repeats that have different roles in vesiculation and dimerization.
Researchers created synthetic proteins that change shape in response to pH changes, moving as intended and disrupting lipid membranes. This technology could help medication enter cells more effectively, potentially rivaling viral delivery systems without drawbacks.
A study suggests a simple imbalance in acid-alkaline chemistry inside endosomes may lead to amyloid protein accumulation and nerve cell degeneration. Researchers found that histone deacetylase inhibitors can reverse pH problems and improve amyloid beta clearance in lab-grown mouse brain cells.
Researchers found that brain cells react to endogenous opioids and synthetic opioids in distinct ways, with synthetic opioids activating receptors in internal locations that endogenous opioids cannot access. This difference could contribute to the more rewarding effects of synthetic opioids, leading to addiction.
Scientists at the University of Geneva found that a protein called Sara plays a crucial role in guiding endosomes to differentiate between cells, a process essential for fly hair development. Mutant flies without Sara have naked backs, highlighting the significance of this mechanism in cancer tumour formation.
Researchers use a redesigned spider venom peptide to deliver biomacromolecules like antibodies into cells, enabling tracking and interaction with target proteins. The technology improves understanding of protein behavior and could lead to new treatments and drug delivery.
Asymmetric cell division occurs when endosomes, containing signalling molecules, are distributed unevenly between daughter cells. The central spindle, a scaffold structure composed of microtubules, plays a crucial role in dispatching this information.
Elevated NHE9 protein levels in brain cancer cells lead to slower cargo transport, allowing cancer-promoting signals to persist. This discovery suggests targeting NHE9 and EGFR proteins could help treat glioblastoma.
Researchers have identified a genetic deficiency linked to autism that impairs neuronal growth and connectivity. By compensating for the deficient molecular mechanisms, they found that growth could be restored, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
A new hypothesis explains how anthrax toxins escape the endosome, potentially leading to a more effective cure. The NIST/USAMRIID team suggests that complexes of LF or EF bound to PA are active toxins inside cells.
A genome-wide study identified 190 genes critical for the function of TLR7 and TLR9, cellular sensors that recognize pathogens and trigger immune responses. The findings provide insights into the complex network regulating immune responses to microbial infections.
A study published in The Journal of Cell Biology found that poor recycling of the BACE1 enzyme could promote Alzheimer's disease. Reduced levels of the retromer component VPS35 led to enhanced BACE1 activity and increased Abeta protein formation, contributing to disease progression.
Researchers applied a new strategy to investigate the effects of thousands of genes on endocytosis, revealing precise definitions of what cells need when and where. This understanding could lead to preventing infections and developing treatments for diseases like Alzheimer's and Huntington's.
A new study identifies βCTF, a small protein found in APP, as a novel factor contributing to Alzheimer's disease-related endosome abnormalities. Elevated levels of βCTF cause specific pattern of endosome defects similar to brain cells in Alzheimer's disease.
Yale researchers identify a crucial switching station beneath the cell surface for processing signals from outside the cell, describing a key molecular switch that terminates signaling. This discovery portrays a complex system of cellular information processing previously unseen.
Researchers at Rockefeller University Press identified an amino acid switch that flaviviruses use to gain access to cells. The team discovered that mutating one specific histidine residue can completely abolish fusion ability in tick-borne encephalitis virus, a dangerous human pathogen.
Researchers found endosomes facilitate plant growth through brassinosteroid receptor trafficking, affecting shoot and root growth. This discovery expands understanding of endosome function in plants, shedding light on their evolutionary origins.
Endosomes travel to the nucleus using back-and-forth movement, accumulating at an aster-like layout of microtubules. This symmetrical approach allows for efficient distribution of nutrients and molecular information.