The NRG Oncology GOG-0263 phase III clinical trial found that adding cisplatin-based chemotherapy to adjuvant radiotherapy following radical hysterectomy did not improve outcomes and led to increased toxicity. Radiotherapy alone remains the standard of care for early-stage, intermediate-risk cervical cancer.
A new method has been developed to link individual microbes to their genetic code, providing insights into the activity of microorganisms in coastal sediments. The study reveals a diverse microbial community thriving in environments subject to frequent disruptions from rapid temperature changes and tides.
The American Gastroenterological Association has chosen 16 exceptional gastroenterologists and hepatologists for its Future Leaders program. The selected doctors will work on career development projects over 18 months, focusing on the future of the digestive diseases field.
Defensive gun use is a rare occurrence despite gun violence exposure, suggesting that perceived threats may not necessitate action. The study highlights the potential consequences of defensive gun use, emphasizing the need for accurate risk assessment in firearm policies.
Eliza Michalopoulou is leading a research project to improve ocean floor mapping using sound waves, aiming to understand the seabed's properties and characteristics. The goal is to enhance anti-submarine warfare strategies and contribute to global efforts like Seabed 2030 and Ocean Decade.
An international team of scientists has unveiled the first chromosome-scale genome of a wild barley species, identifying critical genetic adaptations that enable efficient nutrient intake under alkaline stress. The study developed a new hexaploid crop, Tritordeum, which exhibits significant yield improvements in harsh conditions.
Cyclic peptides targeting FXR show promise in treating MASH by reducing intestinal ceramide production and promoting GLP-1 release. DC646 is the most potent FXR antagonist with a favorable safety profile.
A new study from Aarhus University shows that uncertainty in pain expectations can increase pain perception. Researchers found that when the brain is unsure about what to expect, it intensifies pain beyond what's necessary. This discovery may help shape more effective ways to manage pain in the future.
Filipino researchers found a way to enhance tapuy lees for high polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, extending test animal lifespan and health. The study suggests repurposing tapuy lees as a health food to combat aging and oxidative stress-related diseases.
Researchers propose that microlightning in water droplets, rather than lightning strikes, sparked the formation of organic molecules with carbon-nitrogen bonds. This new mechanism suggests a more plausible explanation for the origin of life on Earth, overcoming criticisms of the Miller-Urey hypothesis.
The ESMO Sarcoma and Rare Cancers Congress 2025 will bring together experts to present and discuss developments in diagnosing and treating rare solid tumours. The event will focus on immunotherapy, global challenges, and opportunities for international collaboration.
Researchers developed a novel approach to address thermal challenges in electric vehicle charging using a gallium-based liquid metal flexible charging connector. The LMFCC demonstrated excellent flexibility, high transmission stability, and efficient heat dissipation.
A new study by UCL researchers found that the oxytocin system is affected in breastfeeding mothers with postnatal depression. Oxytocin levels in breast milk were reduced in mothers experiencing depression after using a nasal spray containing the hormone.
The Office of Naval Research congratulates Drs. Marcelo Garcia, Richard Spinrad, and Robert Weller on their election to the National Academy of Engineering. The three engineers were recognized for their outstanding contributions in engineering practice, research, and education.
Current methods like static cold storage and machine perfusion have limitations, with only 10% of global demand met. Researchers explore vitrification cryopreservation as a promising alternative to address toxicity issues and improve transplant survival rates.
The study found the main shock and aftershocks concentrated at a depth of 12 km with high consistency across multiple methods, indicating a reverse thrust event with a small dextral strike-slip component. Historical GPS observations and geological surveys revealed the earthquake was triggered by Lajishan Fault activity.
The discovery of two exoplanets around TOI-1453, a star about 250 light years away, reveals insights into planetary configuration and formation. The super-Earth and sub-Neptune present an interesting contrast in their characteristics, with the sub-Neptune exhibiting unusually low mass and density.
Tirzepatide and semaglutide offer substantial long-term health benefits in US adults, reducing obesity risk. However, the high costs of these medications make them not cost-effective at current net prices, hindering equitable access.
Researchers from UConn School of Medicine reveal a novel pathway in cellular dysfunction contributing to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and ALS. They discovered that endothelial cells, the inner lining of blood vessels, play a critical role in neurodegeneration by disrupting the blood-brain barrier's protection.
New VCU research suggests that employer neurodiversity training, coupled with candidates' disclosure of their autism diagnosis during the hiring process, can help level the playing field for autistic job seekers. The study found that such training persisted in improving hiring outcomes even two months after the training.
Researchers identified PDGFRA as a promising therapeutic target for pediatric high-grade gliomas. Inhibition of the PDGFRA signaling pathway leads to tumor cell death and has shown potential in laboratory and animal models, as well as initial clinical experience with avapritinib therapy.
A new study by European Society of Cardiology highlights the importance of quick CPR initiation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. The research team found that patients who received bystander-initiated CPR had better long-term outcomes compared to those who received medical operator-initiated CPR.
A new study reveals that YouTube influencers can increase playtime and engagement with video games, but their content may also discourage purchases. The research found that influencers can turn a game into a viral sensation, but for story-driven games, people may choose to watch instead of buy.
Crop domestication and improvement significantly reshape root traits, including lateral root density, main root length, and cortical cell size. The structure and function of the associated microbial community also undergo profound changes, affecting nutrient absorption and immune capacity.
Researchers discovered a potential protein misfolding mechanism that could help explain unusual refolding behavior in some proteins. The team found that a type of misfolding, called non-covalent lasso entanglement, can create a barrier to the normal folding process.
The workshop features a hands-on course in Sheffield and a scientific conference in Hamburg, covering topics like AI, material science, and equipment for granulation. Keynote speakers include Prof. Stefan Palzer, Jim Litster, Göran Alderborn, Arno Kwade, Lilia Ahrne, and Csaba Sinka.
A new stem cell therapy trial at UTHealth Houston aims to reduce neuroinflammation in patients with presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease. The study, which is sponsored by Weston Brain Institute, will enroll 12 patients and use PET imaging to determine whether stem cells reduce brain inflammation before symptoms develop.
Boston University researchers have introduced a novel computational framework that applies pitch-shifting to protect speaker identity while preserving acoustic features essential for cognitive assessment. The framework achieved accurate diagnosis of normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia in 62% and 63% of datasets.
A research team developed a new system that uses spatial immune profiling to predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. The system, called TIMES, was trained on a dataset of 61 HCC patients and achieved an accuracy of 82.2% in predicting recurrence risk.
Researchers from the University of Vaasa found that consumers who prefer plant-based alternatives are perceived as socially different, evoking feelings of admiration and envy. Marketing strategies must address prevailing prejudices to make vegetarianism socially acceptable.
Research proposes a new methodology for dynamically optimizing solar panel positioning based on the light needs of crops. Advanced ray tracing techniques are used to evaluate the distribution of solar radiation, enabling the automation of design optimization of agrivoltaic systems.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have identified new variants of CDKL2 and CDKL1 genes associated with developmental disorders, including epilepsy. The study proposes a mechanism by which defective variants cause neurological symptoms in affected individuals.
Researchers analyze Makran Subduction Zone using advanced thermal modeling to understand slab dehydration, fluid release patterns, and seismic activity. The study provides new insights into subduction dynamics and contributes to seismic hazard assessment in the region.
Researchers have shown that earthquakes in the Marmara region transport a large amount of energy towards Istanbul, with most quakes exhibiting an eastward rupture direction. This finding has important implications for urban planning, emergency response, and seismic hazard maps, which will be taken into account in future studies.
Retention bans are a good first step in addressing shark overfishing, but won't be enough to prevent continued decline. Small sharks and threatened species are most likely to die after being caught, highlighting the need for complementary strategies like area-based fishing restrictions and catch quotas.
Researchers discovered that trapped pockets of liquid can form inside ice, leading to extreme pressure that breaks glass. To prevent this, ensure water freezes slowly by supercooling or use containers with water-repelling surfaces.
Fidaxomicin and fecal microbiota transplantation are effective treatments for Clostridioides difficile infection, reducing recurrence rates. Emerging strategies like vaccines, bacteriophage therapies, and AI-based risk models hold promise for better management and prevention of CDI.
Researchers developed CeSPIACE, a 39-amino-acid peptide drug candidate that binds to the spike protein, blocking viral entry. It demonstrates strong binding to major SARS-CoV-2 variants and shows efficacy against multiple strains in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Researchers found that people demonstrate a significant level of obedience towards humanoid robots, but it is slightly lower than towards humans. The study also showed that work efficiency under robot supervision is lower, with participants completing tasks more slowly and less effectively.
Researchers have identified signs of neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier dysfunction in patients with Down syndrome Regression Disorder (DSRD). The study, published in Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, reveals a potential immune-related cause for DSRD.
Researchers developed a deep learning-based nowcasting model to predict lightning risks to power grids, accurately forecasting location and frequency trends of organized thunderstorms. The model achieved excellent performance in predicting winter and spring thunderstorms, supporting enhanced protection against lightning disasters.
Researchers have found a way to reactivate the body's natural ability to destroy excess cancer proteins by introducing synthetic RNA fragments that increase poison exon inclusion. This discovery could lead to game-changing therapies for aggressive cancers such as triple-negative breast cancer and certain brain tumors.
A new type of RAS inhibitor, daraxonrasib (RMC-6236), has shown significant promise when combined with immunotherapy in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer. The study found that the treatment not only inhibited tumor growth but also reshaped the tumor microenvironment to make it more receptive to immunotherapy.
Researchers discovered a new process by which cancer cells use small extracellular vesicles to spread to healthy tissue. The study found that these vesicles are primarily internalized by clathrin-independent endocytosis via galectin-3, which is facilitated by an increase in intracellular calcium concentration.
Scientists identify the origin of magnetic moment enhancement in an iridium-doped iron-cobalt alloy through high-throughput X-ray measurements. The study reveals that Ir addition leads to increased electron localization and spin-orbit coupling, resulting in enhanced magnetic moments.
Researchers at the University of Ottawa have made significant strides in controlling ionization using specially structured light beams. This discovery opens up new possibilities for enhancing technology in areas such as medical imaging and quantum computing.
Empa researchers successfully realized a one-dimensional alternating Heisenberg model with a synthetic material, demonstrating strongly entangled spins and long-range correlations. In contrast, an evenly connected homogeneous chain develops an energy gap, exhibiting strong pairwise bonds and rapidly decreasing correlations.
A novel subset of progenitor cells, called high-risk MSCs, reside in the stroma and promote DNA damage and tumor growth. These cells play a critical role in the initiation of ovarian cancer, particularly in older women or those with BRCA mutations.
Researchers developed a two-stage feature learning approach to identify critical road segments in large-scale networks. By leveraging natural language processing techniques, they captured road properties and real-time traffic changes, enabling accurate urban traffic flow optimization.
A University of Minnesota research team has been awarded a $3.8 million grant to develop a new cell therapy targeting Alzheimer's disease. The project aims to adapt cancer treatment techniques to create specialized immune cells that can clear harmful proteins from the brain.
The AWE mission has released its first trove of scientific data, providing unprecedented insight into how weather on Earth affects space weather. The data will help scientists better understand gravity waves and their impact on satellite communications, navigation, and tracking.
Emissions from WUI fires are proportionately three times more likely to lead to premature deaths than emissions from remote wildfires. The study drew on a database of WUI fires and advanced computer modeling techniques to simulate pollutants from fires.
Researchers at NIH identified characteristic symptoms of topical steroid withdrawal (TSW), including elevated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, which can be diagnosed using provisional criteria. TSW treatment may involve mitochondrial complex I-blocking drugs, such as metformin or berberine.
Scientists developed a novel solvatochromic fluorescent dye that enables high-precision temperature measurements through changes in fluorescence properties. The researchers achieved exceptional sensitivity and resolution, ideal for bioimaging applications.
Less than 1% of people with firearm access engage in defensive use annually, with most firearm users never using their weapons for self-defense. Those who have experienced gun violence or quick access to firearms are more likely to perceive threats and respond defensively.
Consuming raw milk and its products increases the risk of foodborne illness, including from Salmonella, E. coli, and Campylobacter. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have detected H5N1 bird flu in raw milk, posing a risk to human health.
Experts at Flinders University are calling for a new approach to water security on Pacific islands, where rising sea levels threaten local water supplies. Infiltration galleries, which extract fresh groundwater from shallow depths, may provide a solution, but more research is needed on their optimal design and performance.
Researchers developed a CRISPR-based diagnostic test that rapidly detects low levels of pathogen genetic material in blood without nucleic acid amplification. The test demonstrated unprecedented sensitivity and could be used to develop highly sensitive CRISPR-based diagnostic tests for detecting pathogens in minutes.
A new AI-powered model analyzes steroid hormones to estimate biological age, providing a more precise health assessment. The study found that cortisol levels doubled increase biological age by approximately 1.5 times, suggesting chronic stress accelerates aging at a biochemical level.
Researchers used novel fluorogen imaging techniques to visualize biomolecular condensates, revealing distinct environmental and structural features. The study provides insights into the dynamic behavior of these condensates, which play a crucial role in various diseases.