Articles tagged with Gene Expression
A recent study presented at ISHLT meeting reveals that profiling gene expression can detect organ rejection in lung transplant patients. The LARGO study uses quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to identify molecular signatures associated with acute cellular rejection.
Scientists have developed a mouse model for synovial sarcoma, revealing that the tumor arises from skeletal muscle precursor cells called myoblasts. The study also showed that expression of a chimeric fusion protein called SYT-SSX in these cells is sufficient to induce synovial sarcoma with 100% penetrance.
A recent study identified common flaws in oncology microarray studies, including inadequate methods to account for false-positive findings. Researchers provide guidelines to improve the quality of analysis and reporting of such studies, aiming to validate scientific findings through replication.
A new study by UC Berkeley researchers found specific gene expression changes in Daphnia magna water fleas in response to copper, cadmium, and zinc contamination. These changes suggest a possible role for toxicogenomics in assessing environmental toxicity.
Researchers used gene chips to analyze patterns of gene expression in mice and found a 94% accuracy rate in distinguishing sepsis from non-infectious inflammation. The technology could lead to a rapid bedside blood test that speeds diagnosis and treatment, especially in intensive care units.
Researchers found that low p27 expression is associated with poor breast-cancer prognosis, particularly among women with hormone-receptor-positive tumors. High p27 expression was linked to a 6% improvement in 5-year survival rates compared to those with low p27 expression.
Dartmouth researchers discover that low doses of arsenic disrupt steroid hormone receptor signaling, affecting biological processes and disease risks. The study found that arsenic suppresses the ability of critical receptors to respond to normal hormone signals.
Researchers found that turmeric extract inhibited joint destruction and inflammation, altering gene expression and preventing osteoclast activation. A dose of 1.5 milligrams per day may be effective for humans, suggesting a potential mechanism similar to anti-inflammatory drugs.
Researchers identified a gene expression profile associated with late radiation toxicity, correctly classifying 63% of patient populations. The study suggests that some patients are genetically predisposed to develop late-radiation toxicity and provides clues about molecular pathways involved.
Researchers found increasing p16INK4a levels in older cells, leading to poor function and premature aging. Studies suggest a common aging mechanism across disparate cell types, with implications for age-related diseases like diabetes.
A core needle biopsy sample gives a representative picture of gene expression in the entire tumor, according to a new study. The results show that biopsy samples have identical gene expression levels as surgical samples, but with four specific genes modified by the biopsy procedure.
Researchers identified a new gene, txr1, that promotes taxane resistance by suppressing thrombospondin 1. Depletion of txr1 or treatment with TSP-1 restores taxane sensitivity, offering a new avenue to modulate chemotherapeutic drug response.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that gene expression patterns in human lung tumors most similar to those seen in early mouse lung development stages predict poorer outcomes for lung cancer patients. The researchers developed a classification system based on genomic analysis, which may help improve treatment options.
A large-scale cross-platform study of research microarrays has uncovered high concordance across platforms, addressing a crucial issue in biomedical research. The study, led by Winston Patrick Kuo, used 10 different microarray platforms and two QRT-PCR approaches to compare gene expression measurements.
Researchers have uncovered three disease-relevant genes in synovial tissue from identical twins with RA, shedding light on the genetic components of this inflammatory disease. The study identifies laeverin, 11ß-HSD2, and Cyr61 as key enzymes linked to protein degradation, inflammation, and new blood vessel formation.
Scientists have discovered that sperm and male proteins trigger a cascade of gene activity in female fruit flies' reproductive tracts six hours after mating. This finding provides new insights into reproduction and could lead to innovative methods for controlling insect pests.
Researchers at PLOS Medicine analyzed gene expression in labor and autoimmune disease APS1, finding complex networks of co-regulated genes. The study highlights the importance of making original data available for reanalysis.
Researchers have identified alveolar type I cells as potential diagnostic markers for acute lung injury. The study's findings suggest that these cells may play a crucial role in the development of pulmonary diseases.
Researchers identified 254 gene sequences in melanomas that may inhibit metastasis and found high retinol levels reduce risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Grb7 peptide inhibitor targets pancreatic cancer cells, showing promise as a new therapy.
The BGEM Web site provides a growing collection of tens of thousands of images showing where and when specific genes are expressed during brain development. This information is linked to up-to-date data on genes, including their function, location, and DNA sequence.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is building a library of well-characterized RNA sequences for use as external controls in gene expression assays. The sequences will be released to the public domain to ensure broad participation.
A study found that genes involved in the innate immune response are underexpressed in female mice during puberty, while those involved in the adaptive immune response are overexpressed. This difference is controlled by the Fas/FasL pathway, modulated by estrogen.
Researchers have developed a method to rapidly diagnose bioterrorism-related diseases by analyzing gene patterns in white blood cells. This technology, which uses mathematical modeling tools, can identify specific changes in gene expression within 2 hours of exposure, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at Florida State University have identified a gene called BDNF as playing a key role in social aversion, leading to the development of a potential new treatment for depression. Long-term use of antidepressants was successful in reversing social withdrawal, but a gene therapy approach showed promise with fewer side effects.
A study by the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston has identified 5'-AMP as a key molecular mediator that switches mice from burning glucose to burning fat in response to darkness. This switch is also observed in active mammals, such as bears and humans, and may lead to new therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers create conditional mouse model to study CBFB-SMMHC, a fusion protein linked to 12% of human AML cases. The model shows that CBFB-SMMHC induces abnormal preleukemic blood cell progenitors, leading to AML development in adult mice.
A four-year study of designer rats with high blood pressure and healthy counterparts has identified candidate genes that may contribute to cardiovascular disease. The online database TREX is now available to researchers worldwide, offering an unprecedented amount of data to mine.
A team of scientists from the University of New South Wales has identified a gene called FAT that is associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder. The discovery was made using a multi-faceted approach that included studying families, patients, and therapeutic drug mouse models.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a new method to identify gene activation in DNA microarrays with greater sensitivity and specificity. This innovation holds promise for improving research on complex biological systems, including stress response, cancer, and embryo development.
The ketogenic diet has been found to enhance brain energy production and increase neuron stability, leading to improved resistance to seizures. Researchers discovered that the diet's effects on gene expression and mitochondrial function contribute to its anticonvulsant properties.
Subordinate male fish undergo rapid transformation when more dominant males are removed, exhibiting increased aggression, brightness in colors, and changes in brain gene expression. The research reveals a crucial connection between social cues and reproductive physiology in both humans and fish.
A new study suggests that ADMA, a substance found in blood vessel linings, may actually contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Researchers found that high levels of ADMA stimulate genes associated with lung, heart, and kidney disease, paving the way for potential new treatment strategies.
The ERCC proposes developing consistent, well-characterized RNA samples to validate gene expression assays. These external RNA controls will help ensure comparable results across microarray and QRT-PCR systems.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have discovered a novel mechanism called recursive splicing, which removes long introns by steadily paring them down in a predictable fashion and joining the remaining exons. This process has been conserved over tens of millions of years of insect evolution and is likely to occur in humans.
The study found that deleting yeast gene ISY1 increases splicing reaction efficiency and improves 3'-splice site accuracy. The researchers believe Isy1 regulates spliceosomal conformation to ensure accurate pre-mRNA splicing.
The human cerebellum and cortex age at vastly different rates, with the cortex showing pronounced and consistent changes, while the cerebellum experiences smaller and less coordinated changes. This study, published in PLoS Biology, reveals that the functions of brain regions influence how they age.
Researchers found that roughly 15% of genes are expressed differently among male salmon of the same species, depending on their life history. The findings suggest that the 'default' life cycle may result from active inhibition of development into a sneaker male.
Research at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory explores novel approaches to preventing muscle atrophy by optimizing exercise and nutritional interventions. The study highlights the importance of combining resistance training with specific nutrient profiles to maintain muscle mass and function.
Researchers identified 277 human genes with different expression profiles in stem and progenitor cells involved in blood cell development. The new method allows for functional validation of high-throughput gene expression analysis, with potential applications beyond blood development.
Researchers identified a unique genetic pattern in 8 women over 45 who conceived spontaneously, involved in apoptosis and DNA repair mechanisms. This genetic predisposition may help protect against age-related ovary damage, allowing some women to remain fertile until menopause.
A recent study found that homemade gene expression technology is less reliable than commercial microarray platforms. The research, led by OHSU scientist Peter Spencer, used standardized protocols to compare lab-built and commercially produced microarrays, showing improved reproducibility with commercial platforms.
Researchers found a unique brain cluster called Cluster N that is active at night but dormant during the day, indicating a specialized night-vision system. This adaptation enables birds to navigate and fly during their nocturnal migrations.
A recent study published in Nature Methods found that different microarray systems are more alike than previously thought, yielding comparable results when used properly. The study involved 10 laboratories using various platforms and showed that with proper methods and reporting, the results can be reliable across different platforms.
The study found that standardized processes and commercially manufactured microarrays lead to more consistent results. This standardization can improve clinical practice, including personalized medical treatments for diseases like breast cancer.
Researchers identified 45 genes linked to leukemic cells' ability to resist treatment by at least two of the most widely used antileukemic drugs. The study found a poor prognosis for patients with cross-resistant ALL cells.
Researchers created a platform technology that can be adapted for various tissue types and preclinical uses, enabling real-time monitoring of gene expression. This approach uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to non-invasively image cells at high resolution, providing insights into disease mechanisms.
Professor Magloire has made significant contributions to odontoblast biology, including characterizing replacement populations and developing novel culture systems. His research has shown the role of TGFβ and new gene profiles involved in odontoblast differentiation and mechanosensitivity.
The new version of GenMAPP 2.0 incorporates various features to organize and analyze gene expression data on biological pathways, including a flexible format accepting multiple gene ID systems and species-specific databases. This update complements hierarchical clustering methods and enables convenient display of data on web sites.
Researchers found that glycyrrhizic acid from licorice can kill cells infected with the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. The compound targets genes required to maintain the virus in a latent state, potentially leading to novel anti-herpesvirus agents.
Scientists have identified a way to detect gene expression changes in fetuses using cell-free mRNA from amniotic fluid, potentially leading to advancements in human developmental research and biomarker development. The study found that the mRNA originates from the fetus, not the placenta.
Research suggests that alcohol alters gene expression in the brain, contributing to addiction symptoms like tolerance and physical dependence. Gene expression profiling has identified specific genes and pathways involved in alcohol's effects on different brain regions.
Researchers have created a new tool to investigate the components of the circadian clock in vertebrates using transgenic zebrafish that luminesce in sync with their periodicity. The study reveals that aspects of circadian rhythms develop in specific stages, rather than being hardwired into the embryo.
Researchers found that blocking CCL2 eliminates foreign body giant cells, protecting implants from damage. This discovery paves the way for a new class of therapeutic drugs to sustain implants and improve their functionality.
A new genetic mechanism has been identified linking diet to breast cancer, with excess omega-6 fats accelerating the disease. The study found that four genes, including one with unknown function, are involved in this effect, highlighting the importance of a balanced fat intake.
Researchers found that DksA is crucial for regulating gene expression in bacteria, enabling them to survive and resist antibiotics. By targeting this protein, scientists may develop novel antibacterial drugs that reduce resistance.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered a lean gene, C/EBPbeta, which helps mice live longer and weigh less. The gene's activation may help jump-start metabolism in fat cells, preventing fat accumulation. Another study found that targeting the JIP1 protein can effectively protect against obesity and insulin resistance.
A team of scientists at UNC School of Medicine is investigating the molecular basis of blood vessel aging and its role in cardiovascular disease, including heart attack. New information gleaned from this basic research could offer new treatment strategies for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found significantly impaired development in cloned embryos, making reproductive cloning unsafe for humans. The study suggests various factors, including fertility medications and in vitro culture conditions, may contribute to abnormalities.
Researchers discover that Kaposi's sarcoma virus can reprogram blood vessel endothelial cells into lymphatic cells, driven by the gene Prox1. This finding provides a potential target for new therapies against the disease.
Researchers discovered that stable expression of small interfering RNA sensitizes TEL-PDGFbetaR to inhibition with imatinib or rapamycin. This finding suggests a new approach for treating cancer by targeting specific genes.