Articles tagged with Genome Sequencing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The sequencing of the cauliflower coral genome provides a resource for studying genetic adaptation to different environmental conditions. The analysis revealed approximately 27,500 genes, with a higher percentage of repetitive elements than closely related corals.
A study analyzing genomic sequences from historical plague victims suggests that a wildlife reservoir in Eurasia, near Europe's edge, may have seeded epidemics. The research also reveals a common strain responsible for the 1722 Great Plague of Marseille and separate introductions to Scandinavia and the Caucasus region.
A new analysis found that the critically endangered vaquita remains genetically healthy despite its low population numbers. The study suggests that the species' ability to survive at low numbers is not doomed to extinction and gives hope for conservation efforts.
Genome sequencing reveals a gradual decline in African ancestry across hundreds of miles as bees approach climate barriers. The study suggests that climate is the primary factor limiting the spread of Africanized bees, with colder winters posing a survival challenge.
A new method, Sonication Inverse PCR (SIP), has been developed to identify any genome sequence located next to a known sequence. This approach uses high-frequency sound waves to randomly cut DNA, eliminating bias from enzyme use, and is applied across clinical settings and molecular evolutionary analyses.
The IDseq tool uses metagenomic analysis to identify emerging pathogens from a single sample, providing actionable reports on infectious diseases worldwide. By leveraging open-source software, researchers can rapidly detect and track disease outbreaks, aiding in pandemic prevention and global health initiatives.
Researchers sequenced and analyzed coral genomes, discovering genes that may help corals adapt to ocean warming. The study found that Acropora corals diversified when the world's oceans were warmer, suggesting they could handle temperature changes.
The UK Crop Microbiome Cryobank will preserve the microbiomes of six major food crops in the UK, including barley, oats, oil seed rape, potato, sugar beet, and wheat. This project aims to improve crop yield and reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
Researchers sequenced genomes of figs and pollinators to uncover dynamic karyotype variation associated with adaptive evolution. They also identified candidate genes for sex determination and a potential molecular mechanism of coevolution between fig species and their wasp pollinators.
A study reveals that re-emergence of yaws, a neglected tropical disease, was caused by at least three distinct lineages of bacteria. The researchers recommend employing strategies to maximize population coverage and intensive post-MDA surveillance to control the spread of new infections.
Researchers at the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center have identified a novel seed dispersal gene in wild green millet, which could lead to more efficient crop production. The discovery was made through the analysis of nearly 600 genome sequences and confirmed by gene editing studies.
A new mobile app, Genopo, developed by Garvan Institute of Medical Research, makes genomics more accessible to remote or under-resourced regions and the hospital bedside. The app enables fast, real-time genomic analysis on a smartphone, opening possibilities for point-of-care testing and unlocking information in DNA or RNA.
A new study sequenced the genomes of two millipede species, revealing vast differences in genome size due to unique gene structures. The research also identified genes involved in toxic secretion, supporting the idea that ozadene gland secretions protect against microbes and predators.
Münster University researchers develop new software '2-n-way' to compare any genomes, identifying relationships among species or individuals. The tool can analyze genome evolutions, genetic diseases, and sequence any number of genomes.
The genome of Fleming's original Penicillium strain has been sequenced for the first time, showing that the UK and US strains use different methods to produce penicillin. The results suggest new routes for industrial production and could help inspire novel solutions to combatting antibiotic resistance.
Researchers discovered three primary routes of transmission for antibiotic resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae via plasmids. Long-read sequencing technology enabled complete plasmid sequence analysis, revealing the importance of including plasmids when tracking antibiotic resistance.
A research team has successfully sequenced and assembled the Wels catfish genome, which is expected to reveal insights into its remarkable growth rate, appetite, and lifespan. The study's findings will help address bottlenecks in aquaculture and conservation of wild populations.
Researchers found that external factors drive positive selection in certain genomic positions, while epistasis leads to negative selection, slowing down substitutions. This discovery sheds light on the complex interplay between environmental pressures and genetic interactions shaping protein evolution.
Researchers identified mutations in the novel gene ANGPT2, responsible for primary lymphedema. The discovery provides insights into the disease's underlying mechanisms, potentially leading to improved treatments.
A new study reconstructs the spread of coronavirus across the world with unprecedented detail, revealing that early interventions were effective at containing outbreaks. Contrary to speculation, the virus did not jump from China to Europe via British Columbia, Canada, but rather through direct flights and travel. Swift testing and isol...
Researchers found nearly identical viral genomes in glacier surface water from Arctic and Alps locations, suggesting a genetic 'fruit machine' process that creates diversity. This discovery challenges conventional understanding of virus evolution and highlights the importance of understanding viral interactions with hosts.
A genetics study in wild turquoise killifish reveals that small population sizes contribute to the accumulation of harmful mutations, leading to shorter lifespans. The findings provide insights into how population dynamics influence aging and could inform new approaches to understanding human aging.
A team of Brazilian researchers has completed the sequencing of Frieseomelitta varia, a native stingless bee species with economic interest as a pollinator. The study reveals conserved ancestral traits and regulatory functions in noncoding RNAs linked to the workers' sterility, providing valuable insights into social insect evolution.
Researchers used genomics to discover the New Guinea singing dog still thrives in the Highlands of New Guinea. The study reveals that captive dogs have lost genomic variation due to inbreeding, threatening their survival.
A new study found that the yellow mealworm shows promise as a good, sustainable food source due to its high protein content and versatility. The research also identified potential uses for the insect's waste as organic fertilizer.
A new study reveals a wide array of previously unknown microbial defense mechanisms against viral threats, with 29 widespread novel defense mechanisms found in nearly one-third of all sequenced prokaryote genomes.
Researchers have published the most comprehensive genome information for three troublesome agricultural weeds, which could lead to better understanding of herbicide resistance. The genomes will help identify specific enzymes responsible for detoxifying herbicides, enabling scientists to develop new control methods.
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba found that retrotransposons may change how genes are expressed in melons. In a study published in Communications Biology, researchers discovered that retrotransposons had a role in altering gene expression when melon genomes were diversifying and affecting fruit ripening.
Researchers from Kazan Federal University have successfully sequenced the genome of Lactobacillus hilgardii LMG 7934, a type of bacteria that can be genetically reprogrammed to consume more nitrates. This allows for potential use in remediating environmental pollution and improving livestock feed.
Researchers from the University of Turku discovered a novel molecular mechanism in conifers that enables them to adapt to winter conditions by dissipating excess light energy as heat. This finding sheds new light on photosynthesis regulation and its importance for conifer forests' carbon sink capacity.
A new study reveals that penguins originated along the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, 22 million years ago. The researchers also found that penguins are not adapting quickly enough to changing climate conditions, putting many populations at risk.
New research sheds light on penguin evolution, revealing a pivotal role for climate change in their geographic expansion. Genetic analysis indicates that penguins originated along temperate coastlines before expanding into Antarctic regions.
The study completes the genome assembly of F. oxysporum f.sp. lini, a highly destructive fungal parasite infecting flax. This milestone contributes to the development of resistant crop varieties and aids in eliminating plant disease outbreaks.
Scientists have deciphered the ancient genome of the tuatara, a reptile native to New Zealand, revealing patterns that shed light on vertebrate evolution and genomic structure. The study's findings confirm the evolutionary position of the tuatara and provide insights into human genomes.
Researchers have identified an array of new genes that cause stillbirth, significantly increasing the understanding of the condition's genetic foundations. The findings suggest that genetic analysis could be used to counsel parents who have previously experienced stillbirth and unlock new human biology.
A new genome sequencing technology has been used to decode the full genome of black mustard, providing insights into its genetic variation and traits. The research advances breeding of oilseed mustard crops and provides a foundation for improved breeding of wheat, canola, and lentils.
The study reveals a remarkable genetic connection between the tuatara, a reptile that lived with dinosaurs, and mammals such as platypus and echidna. The genome analysis shows an unusual combination of mammalian and reptilian components, with some sequences similar to those found in platypus.
Researchers analyzed 48,635 coronavirus genomes, revealing the six strains of SARS-CoV-2 and their global spread. The study found that strain G and its related strains GR and GH are the most frequent, representing 74% of all gene sequences.
A recent study published in Nature Genetics has shed light on the genetic diversity of European flint maize, revealing distinct differences between lines. The research highlights the importance of sequencing the entire pangenome of a species to fully understand its genetics.
Scientists charted SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Brazil, revealing that non-pharmaceutical interventions were insufficient to control the spread. The study found over 100 internationally-sourced virus introductions from Europe and estimates that more than 75% of Brazilian strains fell under three clades introduced during a specific period.
Researchers sequenced over 1,000 viral genomes to identify 35 clusters of genetically identical viruses involving 159 patients. The study also showed a decline in patient admissions with COVID-19 and a rapid decrease in asymptomatic healthcare workers testing positive.
Researchers have identified 32 genes associated with cannibalistic eating behavior in mandarin fish, which feed exclusively on living juvenile fish of their own species. This behavior leads to high mortality rates and economic losses in aquaculture.
Researchers mapped non-coding genome in maize during early developmental window to understand inflorescence differentiation. The study provides a roadmap for adjusting gene expression precisely to improve grain yield and ear traits.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University have identified previously unknown sections of DNA that are silenced by epigenetic regulation in plant cells. The study reveals a crucial role of these sites in suppressing the activity of disruptive 'jumping genes' called transposons, which can threaten genome integrity.
Researchers sequenced ancient DNA from a 9,500-year-old dog, revealing that modern sledge dogs share a common origin with the ancient breed. The study also found genetic adaptations similar to those of polar bears and Arctic people.
Researchers sequenced and compared the genomes of 100 different tomato varieties, identifying over 230,000 structural variants that underpin the vast diversity among tomatoes. These genomic variations affect flavor, yield, and other traits, providing breeders with new power to improve tomato properties.
A Neandertal fossil found in Chagyrskaya Cave suggests that the species may have lived in small groups of less than 60 individuals. The study's findings also suggest a unique role for the striatum region of the brain in Neandertals, potentially influencing cognition and behavior.
Scientists have identified long-concealed genetic mutations in tomatoes using a new technique called long-read sequencing. The analysis reveals that these mutations can alter key characteristics such as flavor and weight. By studying the impact of these mutations, researchers hope to create new tomato varieties with improved traits.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have discovered over 230,000 DNA differences across 100 tomato varieties, allowing for rapid identification and evaluation of genetic mutations. This breakthrough enables breeders to create new crops with desirable traits, such as increased size and flavor.
The bitter gourd's genome shows unusual domestication patterns, revealing its divergence from wild strains 6000 years ago. The study provides insights into the evolution of this summer vegetable, which has been prized for its health benefits and medicinal properties.
A new platform enables researchers to track changes in the SARS-CoV-2 virus' genetic structure, providing insights for vaccine design and combating the pandemic. The tool, developed by UHN AI scientist Dr. Bo Wang, analyzes nasal swab samples and compares them to global data, generating results in under 15 minutes.
Data scientists create new statistical models and visualization software to understand COVID-19 pandemic. They integrate diverse factors like airline traffic patterns, socioeconomic data, and weather conditions into a single platform.
The study mapped bacterial resistance to last-line antibiotics in the Philippines, enabling better tracking of resistant bacteria and controlling outbreaks. The genomic capacity has enhanced national infection control efforts and improved understanding of antimicrobial resistance at local, national, and international scales.
Researchers created a way to track the spread of Agrobacterium, a bacterium causing crown-gall disease affecting over 100 plant species, worth $16 billion annually. The method can also be applied to human and animal diseases and foodborne outbreaks.
A new study of 84 patients reveals that the first COVID-19 cases in New York City were mainly introduced through untracked transmission from Europe and the US, with limited evidence suggesting a potential Asian origin. The findings also highlight the importance of early and broad testing to identify community transmission clusters.
A collaboration between Otago University and ESR has received a grant to sequence all of New Zealand's positive COVID-19 cases. The team will create a web browser application to track the virus's evolution, epidemiology, and transmission chains in NZ.
MetaviralSPAdes is a new assembler for virus genomes, enabling biologists to reconstruct complete viral genomes from metagenome sequencing results. This tool tackles the challenge of identifying and stitching together viral sequences from thousands of bacterial genomes.
Researchers from St Petersburg University have deciphered the Intoshia variabili gene, revealing a genome size of 15.3 million base pairs and 5,120 genes, including orphan genes unique to orthonectids. The study provides genetic evidence that orthonectids belong to Annelida, a type of animal with no real intraorganism parasites.
Researchers create true diploid genomes from a single individual using an innovative genome assembly strategy, applicable to cattle breeds and potentially other species including humans. The technique, called trio binning, disentangles maternal and paternal genomes, revealing important genetic differences between breeds.
Researchers at ASU have found a unique SARS-CoV-2 mutation with 81 deleted letters, similar to one from the 2003 SARS outbreak. The discovery was made using next-generation sequencing technology and has attracted global interest from scientists, including the World Health Organization.