Articles tagged with Stroma
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new consensus classifier for pancreatic cancer has been developed, enabling accurate determination of tumor subtypes and informing treatment choices. The tool also identifies risk factors for the disease, including smoking, which may be more significant in certain subtypes.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute found that aging accelerates pancreatic cancer progression, leading to faster tumor growth and metastasis. By understanding the impact of age on the tumor microenvironment, they developed a new approach to treating this disease in frail patients.
Researchers successfully created functional ureter tissue from pluripotent stem cells, bringing them closer to developing transplantable kidneys that can produce and expel urine. The achievement is a significant step toward next-generation regenerative therapies.
A novel subset of progenitor cells, called high-risk MSCs, reside in the stroma and promote DNA damage and tumor growth. These cells play a critical role in the initiation of ovarian cancer, particularly in older women or those with BRCA mutations.
The Micro Immune Response On chip (MIRO) replicates tumours and their environment, allowing researchers to study the efficacy of immunotherapy treatments. This technology has been tested with breast cancer samples and shows promise in understanding how the immune system interacts with tumours.
Scientists discovered ancient stromatoporoids survived the Late Devonian extinction and continued to thrive as major reef-builders during the Carboniferous Period. The findings shed light on the resilience and adaptability of marine ecosystems.
A new study developed two machine learning models to quantify CD8+ cell positivity and classify the immunophenotype of cancer specimens in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The models hold promise for identifying patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.
Researchers found that tumors with high levels of stroma are twice as likely to exhibit chemoresistance to conventional treatment. The study aims to utilize a readily obtainable biomarker, TSP, to tailor more effective treatments for patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
A new study found that the gut microbiota plays a significant role in prostate inflammation in aging men, particularly those with metabolic syndrome. The researchers discovered a strong relationship between IL-6 and IL-18 expression and lipid parameters in the prostate tissue of men with BPH + MetS.
Researchers created an immunodeficient mouse model of physiological ovarian aging, mirroring female fertility decline with age. The study found decreased oocyte quality, impaired follicle activation and growth, and increased mitochondrial dysfunctions in Old mice.
Researchers describe the use of ripretinib and repeated surgical resection in a patient with recurrent GIST harboring a KIT exon 11 mutation. The treatment led to extended clinical benefit, outperforming current reported data from ripretinib clinical trials.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology suggests that chemotherapy injury to surrounding non-cancer cells can awaken dormant breast cancer cells, promoting cancer growth and recurrence. The researchers found that the release of specific cell signaling molecules, G-CSF and IL-6, by injured stromal cells drives this process.
Researchers discovered ovarian mesenchymal progenitor cells that improve aged ovarian function and extend reproductive lifespan. By transplanting functional mesenchymal cells, the study shows an efficient approach to postpone ovarian aging.
Researchers have highlighted the importance of stromal vitamin A pathway in regulating IL-6 expression in colorectal cancer-associated fibroblasts. The study found that disrupting retinol-mediated IL-6 expression could be a potential approach to target CAFs during CRC treatment.
A novel cell signaling pathway has been identified that could be targeted to treat aggressive pancreatic cancers. The High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) protein functions as a 'molecular switch' that activates genes required for tumor growth and invasion. Silencing HMGA1 or disrupting FGF19 signals in mouse models resulted in decreased tum...
Researchers found that regorafenib, a dual PDGFR α/β inhibitor, modifies the cancer microenvironment and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancers. This combination therapy boosts tumor infiltrating immune cells and reduces tumor fibroblasts.
Researchers investigate Earth's oldest evidence of life in ancient stromatolites, while also studying strike-slip faulting and its connection to climate. Additionally, scientists explore the potential for finding life on Mars by analyzing rare earth elements and geological features.
A new approach combines an immunotherapy agent with a molecular delivery system that targets tumor acidity, successfully eradicating colorectal tumors in mice. The researchers believe this method may increase the effectiveness of STING agonist therapy for cancer patients.
Researchers found that 'killer' T-cells used in immunotherapy can also destroy tumour lymphatic vessels, greatly reducing the risk of metastasis. This synergistic effect could increase treatment effectiveness against cancers with high lymphangiogenesis.
A team of researchers at Kumamoto University successfully created complex 3D kidney tissue in the lab using mouse embryonic stem cells. The breakthrough could lead to advances in kidney research and potentially even transplantable organs.
Researchers at the Complutense University of Madrid found that childhood leukemia tumor cells hide in the choroid plexus of the brain, allowing them to escape chemotherapy and cause relapses. This discovery could lead to more effective treatment strategies to prevent these cells from colonizing the CNS.
Researchers identify nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) as a key player in promoting metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. The study reveals that the stroma surrounding tumor cells, rather than the cancer itself, drives disease progression and poor outcomes.
Researchers discovered a protein-cleaving enzyme called FAP that plays a role in shaping the physical nature of the stroma, promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Deleting or inhibiting FAP in mouse models of pancreatic cancer slowed disease progression and reduced cancer spread to other organs.
Researchers discovered two distinct fibroblast subtypes in the dense tumor-enveloping stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which may be precisely targeted to improve treatment response. The first subtype produces high levels of alpha smooth muscle actin and is adjacent to neoplastic tumor cells.
A novel methodology for investigation using modern mass spectrometry has been developed to investigate tumour-promoting activities of breast fibroblasts. This allows for the direct determination of undesirable cell activities in cancer-associated fibroblasts, which may promote tumour growth.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have uncovered the crucial role of Caveolin-1 protein in prostate cancer tumor microenvironment. A decreased level of this protein in the stroma indicates worse prognosis and higher chance of disease relapse.
Rapid advancements in corneal transplantation have led to the decline of complete cornea transplantation (PK), with newer forms of lamellar transplantation surgery selectively replacing diseased layers offering better visual outcomes and lower risks of complications.
Researchers found that fibrous stroma surrounding squamous cell carcinoma tumors was associated with reduced 5-year recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates. The study suggests that targeting the tumor microenvironment may be a meaningful approach for developing treatment strategies.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered changes in 1,141 genes that induce the formation of new structures such as blood vessels and nerves in prostate cancer patients. These gene changes may explain why men with reactive stroma face a more aggressive disease.
A study found that herpes virus infects cornea cells through a process similar to how phagocytes engulf foreign invaders, allowing the virus to evade the immune system. This unusual pathway opens up new strategies for developing therapies against ocular herpes and has implications for understanding other herpes virus infections.
The EFT test uses two new biochemical markers, cyclin E and p27, to evaluate endometrial health and predict implantation success. A normal EFT result indicates a healthy endometrium receptive to embryo attachment, improving fertility diagnosis and treatment outcomes.