Articles tagged with Stalagmites
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers from Poland, USA, and Slovenia found a mathematical description of stalagmite shapes, revealing that shape matters for climate science. The study provides an analytical solution for the growth of ideal stalagmites in constant cave conditions.
Researchers developed a mathematical model predicting stalagmite shapes based on calcite precipitation rates and water flow. The study shows that flat-topped, columnar, or conical shapes emerge depending on concentration and flow rate of dripping water.
Researchers analyzed stalagmite δ¹⁸O data to reconstruct the 8.2 and 4.2 ka BP climate events in the EASM region, revealing regional consistency for the 8.2 event but significant north-south differences for the 4.2 event.
A study using stalagmite analysis found eight wet season droughts lasting over three years between 871-1021 CE, contributing to the Maya civilization's decline. This climate data aligns with historical and archaeological evidence, providing a new framework for analyzing human-climate interactions.
A new study reveals that the Saharo-Arabian Desert experienced recurrent humid intervals over the past eight million years, supporting migrations of water-dependent animals, including early ancestors. These wetter periods likely sustained monsoonal precipitation from the South, which gradually weakened over millions of years.
Researchers from the University of Oxford discovered that rainfall in the Sahara Desert increased between 8,700 and 4,300 years ago, coinciding with a rise in Neolithic archaeological sites. This finding highlights the importance of a favourable climate on early pastoralist societies, which relied on rainfall for their livestock.
A research team led by Dr Sophie Warken analyzed dripstones from the Cloşani Cave in Romania to understand precipitation variability over a period of approximately 20,000 years. The findings show that dynamic processes like the North Atlantic jet stream influence regional changes in precipitation.
A 35,000-year-old ritual complex in the Manot Cave offers insight into the spiritual practices of Paleolithic hunter-gatherer groups. The discovery reveals evidence of human-made engravings, ash remains from fire, and acoustic tests that suggest a unique auditory experience for communal activities.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that the Cerrado biome in Brazil is experiencing its worst drought in at least 700 years, caused by global warming. The research used chemical analysis of stalagmites to extend the perception of drought back seven centuries and linked it to disruption in the hydrological cycle.
Scientists have found evidence of Dansgaard-Oeschger events during the penultimate glacial period, revealing a different frequency and interval between temperature peaks. The findings suggest that not all glacial periods are the same and provide insights into ocean circulation patterns and climate change mechanisms.
By combining stalagmite analysis with tree-ring records, researchers have gained new insights into short-term climate fluctuations over centuries. The study reveals regional as well as global environmental events, including the Little Ice Age and the 'Year Without a Summer', providing valuable information on long-term climate patterns.
A UNLV study found that a warm period in the early Holocene, when temperatures rose, led to increased summer rainfall and groundwater recharge. The researchers used an ancient stalagmite to analyze precipitation patterns and estimate the potential impact of future climate change on monsoon rains.
Research reveals that Dansgaard-Oeschger events triggered drastic global changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation, impacting tropical monsoon domains severely. The study's findings support improved models to represent abrupt climate changes, shedding light on the potential impacts of future human-made global warming scenarios.
A recent study by German and Austrian researchers used stalagmites to document the impact of summer insolation on ice age climate dynamics. The findings suggest that warm phases appeared primarily during peak Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, with model simulations confirming these results.
Researchers found that salt concentration is crucial for icicle ripple formation. With increasing salt levels, ripples become stronger and more visible. This discovery explains the rippled patterns on gutters and car bumpers during winter.
Researchers found that oscillations between extreme wetness and aridity in California were closely linked with wildfires during the 8.2-kiloyear event. The study suggests that hydroclimate fluctuations will become more common due to global warming, leading to an increase in wildfire activity.
A new record of past Indian monsoon drought history has been developed using oxygen isotopes in stalagmites, correlating with historical accounts of severe droughts and societal changes. Protracted droughts tend to occur in clusters within decades-long intervals of weaker monsoon rainfall.
Researchers found that extreme droughts in the 6th century CE led to the downfall of the ancient South Arabian kingdom of Himyar. This climate instability created fertile ground for the emergence of Islam in the region, as people sought new hope and a unifying force.
Researchers are using X-ray CT to analyze magnetic minerals in speleothems, which can reveal past climate conditions. The team hopes to uncover evidence of extreme weather events and improve understanding of New Zealand's climate history.
Researchers used stalagmites from Jiangjun cave in China to study the response of the Indian summer monsoon to meltwater pulses in the North Atlantic. The analysis revealed that a stronger meltwater pulse caused a drastic reduction in monsoon intensity, while minor events had less impact.
Scientists discovered stalagmite growth is consistently linear over hundreds and thousands of years, providing an unparalleled capacity for precise chronology building. The analysis revealed that warmer climates tend towards more growth, while colder climates see slowed growth, but the majority of samples follow a linear growth pattern.
Researchers reconstructed paleoclimate conditions from stalagmites in Apulia, Italy, finding minimal significant climate fluctuations. The findings challenge the climate change hypothesis as a cause of Neanderthal extinction.
Researchers found that organic substances produced by decomposed vegetation cover on top of caves create the red coloration, which is linked to climate conditions. The study used various analysis techniques to identify these compounds and established a link between the red color and mid-Holocene climate changes.
A new study reveals that a sea-ice-free Arctic will accelerate the melting of permafrost, leading to significant releases of carbon dioxide. The research, based on ancient cave stalagmites, suggests that past periods without summer sea ice were associated with warmer air and increased snowfall in Siberia, destabilizing the permafrost.
A new study published in PNAS reveals that the northern tropical dry trend may be a result of natural climate variability rather than human activities. The research team analyzed stalagmite records from southern Thailand and found millennial-scale decreases in regional rainfall, similar to other records from the northern tropics.
Scientists analyzed oxygen isotopes in stalactites and stalagmites from 39 caves worldwide to understand past groundwater recharge. The study found that cave drip water oxygen composition varies between cool and warm climates, providing insights into climate variability and water resources.
A global analysis of cave drip waters reveals vital clues for understanding past rainfall patterns. In warmer climates, oxygen isotopes in stalagmites display the balance between wet weather events and prolonged drying periods.
A Vanderbilt University team found a link between winter rainfall in northeast India and the Pacific Ocean's climate conditions, aiding in predicting dry season rainfall amounts. The discovery uses stalagmite records from Mawmluh Cave to understand past variability in the global climate system.
A study found a significant increase in dust in northern Iran around 4,200 years ago, suggesting a period of drying and relatively arid climate conditions. This event coincided with the decline of the Akkadian Empire and the abandonment of North Mesopotamian settlements.
Researchers report a high-resolution geomagnetic field record spanning 1,500 years from Brazilian caves, indicating recurrent periods of rapid directional change consistent with westward migration and expansion of reversed flux patches. The study provides insights into the core-mantle boundary dynamics and Earth's magnetic field evolut...
A recent study suggests that climate change contributed to the decline and eventual extinction of the Neanderthals. The researchers found that prolonged extreme cold periods coincide with a near complete absence of archaeological artefacts from the Neanderthals. This indicates that climate change played a significant role in their demise.
A paleoclimate study found that California experienced exceptionally wet and stormy weather around 8,200 years ago, coinciding with a global climate anomaly. The researchers used stalagmite records to extract information about the prehistoric California atmosphere during this time.
Scientists studying Indiana cave stalagmites may uncover evidence of past earthquakes in the region, according to a new study. The research team found that two stalagmite pairs stopped growing around 100,000 years ago and resumed growth at around 6,000 years ago, overlapping with known magnitude 7.1-7.3 earthquakes.
Scientists analyzed stalagmites from a Madagascar cave and found a sudden shift in carbon isotope ratios, indicating a drastic transformation of plant species from trees to grasslands within just 100 years. The study suggests human involvement in forest loss, contradicting climate change theories.
A 3000-year-long record of climatic variations has been discovered in a remote Scottish cave, providing insights into historical events like the Roman Empire's fall and the Viking Age. The research tracked changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation, revealing prolonged positive phases that influenced rainfall patterns.
Researchers analyzed a stalagmite's growth patterns to understand how precipitation above the cave varied over time. The study found that during El Niño Modoki events, localized storm events occurred, while in non-El Niño periods, water traveled farther before falling.
Large landslides in the Himalaya-Karakoram ranges predominantly occur in the lower portions of the landscape, whereas glaciers and rock glaciers occupy the higher elevations almost exclusively. The study also introduces a new method called excess topography (ZE) to identify potentially unstable rock-mass volumes.
Researchers argue that the Chicxulub impact likely triggered most of the immense Deccan Traps flood basalt eruptions in India, changing the narrative on the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. The study suggests a cause-and-effect relationship between the two events, citing geological evidence and historical data.
Scientists reconstructed a 450-year rainfall record using a stalagmite from Belize, showing a substantial drying trend since 1850. The research links this trend to rising sulphate aerosols from industrial emissions, which moderated temperatures and shifted the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) towards the warmer Southern Hemisphere.
Scientists create versatile model to predict stalagmite-like structures in nuclear processing plants and kettle scaling, reducing manual inspections and improving safety. The new model has potential applications in other industrial and domestic situations where salt solutions precipitate out and cause problems.
Researchers found opposing climate change patterns in middle latitude areas of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Stalagmites and flowstones showed growth during interglacial eras when it was warm and moist, contrasting with stagnation during glacial eras.
A new study reconstructs climate in the South Pacific over the past 446 years, revealing more dramatic rainfall variability before the start of the 20th century. The researchers found a roughly 50-year cycle of rainfall in Vanuatu, with significant differences between wet and dry periods.
A new 100,000-year climate record from Borneo provides insights into the tropical Pacific's sensitivity to abrupt climate change events. The study found that climate feedbacks in tropical regions may amplify and prolong these events, which were previously discovered in the North Atlantic.
Researchers used stalagmites to reconstruct a history of the tropical West Pacific's climate over four glacial cycles, finding no evidence of a sudden shift in peak interglacial conditions following a key event. Instead, they found extreme drying in the tropics coincided with abrupt climate changes in high latitudes.
A high-resolution Asian monsoon record was established covering the time range from 16.2 to 7.3 ka BP, revealing key information on past climatic changes and their mechanisms. The study confirms earlier work suggesting that solar insolation and North Atlantic climate affect the Asian Monsoon.
A new study led by Ohio University scientists suggests that early Native Americans left a bigger carbon footprint than previously thought. By analyzing chemical composition of stalagmites, the researchers found evidence of greenhouse gas emissions due to land use practices such as burning trees for nut production.
Researchers linked Southwest winter precipitation to North Atlantic temperatures, finding abrupt climate changes occurred during the last Ice Age. The study used a stalagmite from an Arizona cave to reconstruct century-by-century climate records.
Researchers analyzed stalagmites from a cave in the Sierra Nevada and found that past global warming coincided with centuries-long droughts in California. The study suggests that Arctic sea ice disappearance may lead to changes in precipitation patterns over California.
A weakening of the summer Asian Monsoons in ancient China may have contributed to the fall of three dynasties. The researchers found that periods of weak summer monsoons coincided with times of social unrest, but a strong monsoon prevailed during one of China's golden ages.
Scientists have confirmed that century-long droughts occurred in eastern North America during the Holocene era, with evidence of seven major drought periods found in a stalagmite from West Virginia. The study suggests that weak solar activity cools the Atlantic Ocean and triggers droughts.
Researchers analyzed stalagmites from Borneo caves to reconstruct the tropical Pacific's climate history. Their findings suggest a more active role for the tropical Pacific in abrupt climate changes than previously thought, providing new insights into past climate trends.
Scientists from Bristol, The Open and Sheffield Universities have dated the engravings at Creswell Crags to over 12,800 years old, making them Britain's oldest rock art. The dating method used uranium-series dating, which measures minute traces of radioactive uranium in thin limestone crusts that formed over the engravings.
Researchers have discovered a correlation between El Niño events and stalagmite growth in Belize, revealing changes in the carbon cycle of the overlying rainforest ecosystem. The findings suggest that stalagmites may record important information about weather and carbon fluxes on interannual time scales.