Researchers found that rectal bleeding increases the odds of a colorectal cancer diagnosis by 8.5 times in patients under 50, highlighting the need for symptom-driven care and lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk. The study analyzed 443 patients and identified no family history as a factor in early-onset colorectal cancers.
Researchers at Aarhus University used mini-organs to show that cervical epithelial cells actively detect and combat infections, with uninfected cells becoming immune-active. This discovery opens opportunities for mucosal vaccines and targeted treatments against STIs and infertility.
A large population-based study in Western Australia found that nearly one in four CALD children displayed vulnerabilities in at least one key developmental domain. The findings emphasize the importance of culturally sensitive education policies, stronger language support, and better collaboration to address these disparities.
The study found a significant increase in the use of weight loss drugs like semaglutide and tirzepatide among patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery. The proportion of patients receiving these medications rose from 1.8% to 29.4% between 2020 and 2024, reflecting growing popularity and perceived effectiveness.
eLTER has successfully submitted its Step-1 Application to the European Commission, a crucial milestone towards becoming an ERIC. The application is currently under review and may require modifications before the final request can be submitted.
A study proposes concrete solutions to increase Africa's food production while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Analyzing Africa and China, the research highlights water management in rice paddies, modernizing logistics chains, and improving livestock feeding to curb emissions.
Researchers found that combination of drugs effectively reduce fat accumulation in laboratory animal models of metabolic liver disease. The study suggests that this combination may also help reduce both liver involvement and associated cardiovascular complications.
Researchers at Universiti Sains Malaysia create a new material capable of capturing carbon dioxide from the air using oil palm ash, achieving impressive adsorption capacity and stability. Machine learning predictions also enabled the design of a highly optimized mesoporous structure.
A machine learning approach enhances the treatment of livestock manure, predicting phosphorus distribution and recovery. The process converts biowaste into hydrochar and a nutrient-rich liquid, reducing environmental pollution and supporting sustainable agriculture.
A study by the American College of Surgeons found that AI enhanced evacuation efficiency, optimized routes, and prioritized patients by injury severity. AI also accelerated drug delivery, identified new treatments for injuries, and supported artificial limb selection.
Researchers developed a novel spectroscopic approach to precisely analyze molecular interfaces at material surfaces. The technique uses gap-controlled infrared absorption spectroscopy, combining conventional ATR-IR with advanced data analysis, allowing for the isolation of interfacial molecular signals.
Curtin University has signed two international agreements to advance next-generation robotics and autonomous systems, with a focus on finding life on Mars. The LifeSpringsMars Working Group will unite scientists and industry experts from around the world to develop new technologies for mining, defence, and remote operations.
A new study found that untreated depression in cancer patients leads to poorer surgical outcomes, including longer hospital stays and higher mortality rates. However, treating depression with antidepressants can significantly improve post-surgical recovery and reduce healthcare costs.
A new study found that NCAA athletes who experienced more concussions reported worse health outcomes, while those in higher-contact sports and longer-term participants showed improved mental health scores. The research suggests that team environments may play a protective role in mitigating mental health deficits associated with concus...
Keck Medicine of USC has opened its largest and most advanced outpatient location in Pasadena, offering world-class services, expert physicians, and leading-edge technology. The new facility provides a wide range of clinical specialties under one roof, making care easier to access.
Researchers have elucidated the final step in the biosynthesis of iridoids, a widespread class of plant secondary metabolites with defense and medicinal properties. The discovery of an enzyme catalyzing cyclisation to nepetalactol paves the way for future biotechnological production of these compounds.
A new vaccine against elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) has been shown to be safe and trigger a strong immune response, with the potential to prevent deadly EEHV disease in young Asian elephants. The vaccine was tested in adult elephants at Chester Zoo and successfully activated key parts of the immune system.
Researchers found that older mice showed less stable spatial memory and difficulty navigating between familiar and unfamiliar environments. In contrast, younger mice developed distinct firing patterns for each track, allowing them to remember hidden reward locations on alternating tracks with ease.
Researchers at UBC have successfully transplanted an enzyme-converted kidney into a brain-dead recipient, showing promise for universal donor organs in transplantation. The breakthrough uses special enzymes to remove blood-type antigens, making it possible to use mismatched organs from deceased donors.
A new study has created the largest genetic map of human metabolism, revealing key genes controlling metabolites and their impact on health. The research highlights similarities in genetic control across ancestries and sexes, offering new avenues for developing medicines to prevent heart diseases.
Researchers found that glioblastoma causes skull bone erosion, alters immune-cell balance in skull marrow, and interferes with the body's immune response. The cancer was found to be more aggressive when treated with drugs intended to inhibit skull-bone loss.
A team at Lund University has discovered a surface protein, SLAMF6, that helps leukemia cells evade the immune system. The researchers developed an antibody to block this mechanism, restoring the immune system's ability to kill cancer cells in laboratory trials and mice.
Researchers found over 20 bird species across four continents produce nearly identical whining calls when spotting parasites, suggesting a shared learned response.
Researchers have discovered a new antibiotic targeting IBD, with AI predicting its mechanism of action. The AI model successfully identified the drug's target protein complex, reducing the development time by over two years and costs to $60,000.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg reveals that trawling restrictions have led to a significant increase in marine life, particularly among filter-feeding species like mussels and soft corals. However, heat-sensitive species are declining at shallow depths due to warmer water temperatures, driven by climate change.
Pertussis in young infants can be life-threatening, with high white blood cell counts and apnea being common symptoms. Vaccination of mothers during pregnancy is critical to protect newborns against this potentially fatal illness.
Scientists have developed a device that allows them to stimulate three or five precisely defined points in the brain simultaneously, improving the technique of ultrasonic stimulation. This non-invasive method has the potential to treat various brain diseases, including Alzheimer's, epilepsy, and depression.
Researchers analyzed eye-tracking data to identify key factors influencing word processing during English reading. Word length was found to be the most critical factor in determining skipped words and total reading time, while word frequency and predictability played a significant role in initial processing and rereading.
A new study at Bournemouth University found that people with horse experience were more accurate at recognizing pain in horse faces, while those with social anxiety were better at detecting pain in human faces. The findings aim to improve animal welfare by helping owners recognize changes indicating pain in horses.
A nationwide survey of 20,000 people found that those who changed jobs in the past year reported higher rates of health symptoms. Job changers often experience more stress factors, such as late-night shifts and excessive workloads, which can negatively impact mental and physical health.
The team developed a new method to produce ultrafast squeezed light, which can fluctuate between intensity and phase-squeezing by adjusting the position of fused silica relative to the split beam. This breakthrough could lead to more secure communication and advance fields like quantum sensing, chemistry, and biology.
A decade-long field study reveals that biochar improves soil structure, fertility, and microbial activity, leading to higher soybean yields. Biochar also reshapes soil microbial communities, promoting beneficial groups and suppressing potential pathogens.
A Peking University study maps the hidden life of river carbon along the upper Yangtze River, revealing how landscape, fire, and sunlight shape the global carbon cycle. The research found that organic carbon changes as it travels from the river's high-altitude headwaters to its densely populated downstream reaches.
Researchers at Tohoku University utilized AI to develop strategies for water treatment and air pollution control. The study highlights innovative approaches using machine learning in material screening and global distribution simulation of pollutants.
A study by HKUST reveals that the TREM2 H157Y variant significantly increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease in individuals of ethnic Chinese descent. The research found that this variant is associated with more rapid clinical progression and severe neurodegeneration, highlighting the importance of genetic studies in diverse populations.
The Neuropixels Ultra probe overcomes technical challenges in recording individual cells across multiple brain regions. It detects twice as many brain cells and distinguishes specific subtypes, enabling scientists to decode and track brain cell performance related to visual stimuli.
Researchers found that soil viruses selectively infect denitrifying microbes, reducing nitrous oxide emissions by up to 20%. The study suggests viral regulation as a potential method for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture. Viruses may play a critical role in supporting sustainable food production and protecting the planet.
A global study across six continents found that context is critical in determining the effectiveness of anti-predator strategies used by insects. The research revealed that predators had a significant influence on which colour strategy was most successful for prey, with camouflage working best in areas with intense predation.
The study found that countries with the highest reported prevalence of hearing loss, such as China and South Korea, also had the lowest levels of hearing aid use. Conversely, adults in Northern Europe, USA, and Western Europe were most likely to report using a hearing aid. Men were generally more likely than women to report difficultie...
The new EAT-Lancet report highlights the urgent need for a sustainable, equitable food system, with nearly 3.7 billion people lacking access to a healthy diet. Adhering to the Planetary Health Diet can reduce chronic disease risk and prevent approximately 15 million premature deaths per year.
Scientists have unveiled a new detector concept that uses optical cavity and atomic clock technologies to detect gravitational waves in the milli-Hertz frequency band. This approach provides an immediate, cost-effective means to explore the mid-band range, which hosts signals from compact binaries of white dwarfs and black hole mergers.
The Centre of Excellence for robotic-assisted surgery will serve as a primary training destination for surgeons across Southeast Asia, hosting comprehensive training programmes and regional preceptorship sessions. The collaboration aims to improve surgical standards in the region by sharing knowledge and best practices.
A study of 14,458 abortions in Scotland found that early medical abortion at home between 10-12 weeks of pregnancy is safe and effective, with a similar success rate to hospital procedures. However, women who had medical abortion at home were more likely to contact the abortion service for questions or concerns.
The development of molecular qubits that operate at telecom frequencies enables the creation of ultra-secure communication channels and precise sensing capabilities. These tiny molecules can be integrated into chips and used for computing, communication, or sensing, paving the way for compact quantum devices.
The journal has appointed 13 distinguished researchers from around the world to expand its representation across stem cell science disciplines. The new Editorial Board members include experts in basic biology, translational research, clinical application, and ethical considerations.
Mayo Clinic has been awarded up to $40 million by ARPA-H to develop new ways to monitor and improve air quality in real-time, enhancing patient care. The Hospital Air Quality (HAIQU) project will introduce cutting-edge biosensors, AI, and smart air filtration systems in emergency departments across Mayo's campuses.
A study by researchers at the University of São Paulo identified high levels of neuroinflammation in young individuals with Down syndrome, contributing to the high prevalence of Alzheimer's disease. The discovery paves the way for disease prevention strategies and personalized treatments.
A new membrane developed by Rice University selectively filters out lithium from brines, achieving high selectivity and using considerably less energy. The membrane's design can be adapted for other valuable minerals like cobalt and nickel, and its durability makes it suitable for large-scale synthesis.
A study comparing Hurricane Helene and Milton found that people in coastal areas with frequent hurricane exposure were more likely to evacuate compared to inland areas. Access to transportation infrastructure, social norms, and risk perception shape evacuation decisions, researchers argue.
Researchers exploring how exercise stress affects cellular adaptations and disease risk, focusing on mitochondrial energy sensing and AMPK activation. The study aims to determine if increasing mitoAMPK activity can mitigate diabetes in skeletal muscle.
A new analysis found that virtual reality effectively reduced anxiety during coronary angiography and had more stable vital signs than standard care. VR was superior to standard care in reducing anxiety and associated with significantly lower changes in heart rate and blood pressure.
Heiko Yang, MD, PhD, has received a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to further research on his discovery of an earthworm-derived hemoglobin-like oxygen carrier. This substance has the potential to revolutionize organ perfusion by providing a shelf-stable alternative to donor blood.
A repeated cross-sectional study shows that cardiometabolic risk factors in Spanish children have improved over the last 30 years, with decreases in excess weight, lipid parameters, and blood pressure. The study provides valuable insights into the evolution of cardiometabolic risk in children.
Astronomers have detected phosphine (PH3) in the atmosphere of low-temperature brown dwarf Wolf 1130C using James Webb Space Telescope. The abundance is comparable to that of Jupiter and Saturn, with a value of 0.100 parts per million.
A recent study reveals that large language models have been used in nearly a quarter of corporate press releases in 2024. The researchers found an increasing trend in the use of AI-assisted writing across various sectors, with significant growth in UN and US press releases.
MIT researchers developed a new framework that helps engineers design complex systems explicitly accounting for uncertainty. The framework allows them to model the performance tradeoffs of a device with many interconnected parts, each of which could behave in unpredictable ways. This approach can help engineers develop complex systems ...
Researchers argue that AI can strengthen pandemic preparedness by detecting emerging diseases earlier. By combining data from humans, animals, and the environment, AI can reveal patterns and provide insights into potential pathogens.
A Phase II clinical trial is being conducted to treat renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer) by inserting microscopic beads filled with radiation directly into blood vessels surrounding cancerous tumours. The goal is to improve patient outcomes through a new treatment option.
Wildfire disasters worldwide have become markedly more burdensome over the last 40 years, tripling in fatality events and increasing economic losses fourfold since 1980. The escalation is driven by intensifying climate conditions and human activities such as land-use shifts and fire suppression policies.
Andrea Ford's research aims to support preschoolers with autism by adapting the Extensions of Community Health Outcomes (ECHO) model. She plans to engage educators and caregivers in mixed-methods research and build a community of practice to shape the model and provide professional development opportunities.