Articles tagged with Neuroimaging
Scientists track brain-cell activity in mice to gain insight into how the brain creates a map to a destination. The study found that two sublayers of cells in the hippocampus process different types of learning, with one layer creating a stable internal map and the other layer updating it during navigation.
Researchers from UNC-Chapel Hill and NC State University developed a new technology to improve imaging of neuronal activity in the brain, capturing images up to 9.5 square millimeters - a 10 times larger area than previously possible.
A new imaging technique helps identify patients at risk of severe bleeding after stroke treatment by analyzing the extent of blood-brain barrier disruption. This association can inform treating physicians on the risk of bleeding and potentially guide clinical decisions.
Research from RIKEN Brain Science Institute in Japan identifies the brain clock that keeps memories organized across time. Without CA3 input, the neural orchestra loses its conductor, leading to errors in representing space and impairing accurate prediction of spatial location.
The study, published in the American Society of Neuroradiology's annual meeting, found that younger patients, African-Americans, and those seen by a stroke team received more advanced imaging, including MRI and MR angiogram. The findings highlight disparities in neuroimaging use for different patient groups.
Recent advancements in neuroimaging technology have led to better understanding and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. These innovations enable clinicians to detect preclinical stages of AD through PET imaging, and also provide new therapeutic interventions.
Researchers propose Spherical Brain Mapping (SBM) to detect Alzheimer's disease, achieving 91% accuracy in differential diagnosis. The framework projects three-dimensional MR brain images onto two-dimensional maps, revealing statistical characteristics of tissue, and can be visually assessed for diagnosis.
The Open Neuroimaging Laboratory aims to aggregate annotated brain imaging data and develop a tool for distributed team collaboration. The project seeks to improve transparency, statistical power, and reproducibility in brain data analysis.
Recent research reveals that visual brain maps are dark-centric, with greater precision for darker stimuli. This dark-centric organization enables the brain to represent different positions of light spots as rotating around a dark anchor in visual space.
Researchers found that difficulties building cognitive maps of new surroundings could indicate Alzheimer's disease. Participants with preclinical Alzheimer's disease showed significant challenges forming cognitive maps but not route learning tasks, highlighting the hippocampus and caudate as early affected brain regions.
This year's top winners include a study on benign disorders simulating thoracic malignancies and a thorough understanding of ankle nerves for nerve entrapment evaluation. B-flow imaging is also highlighted as a promising method to complement color Doppler ultrasound.
Researchers found lower metabolism and reduced brain size among study participants taking anticholinergic drugs, which may increase risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. The study provides insight into the potential underlying biology of these clinical links using neuroimaging measurements.
A recent study by the American Academy of Neurology found that over 40% of retired NFL players showed signs of traumatic brain injury based on sensitive MRI scans. The study also revealed a significant correlation between longer NFL careers and increased risk of TBI.
Researchers found that brain swelling in mice with experimental cerebral malaria starts in the olfactory bulb and spreads along a specific path called the rostral migratory stream. This path is used by immature nerve cells and immune cells, allowing the progression of inflammation into the central nervous system.
Researchers found that brain imaging can accurately predict patient outcomes and identify those who may benefit from clot removal up to 18 hours after symptom onset. This approach could improve treatment eligibility and outcomes for ischemic stroke patients.
International neurointerventional societies have released new training guidelines to improve the treatment of ischemic stroke patients. The guidelines aim to ensure that physicians performing inside-the-artery clot removal in the brain have the necessary education and training, leading to better patient outcomes.
Children with sensory processing disorder (SPD) have altered brain connectivity pathways compared to typically developing children, affecting auditory and tactile processing. The study found strong correlations between white matter integrity and sensory functioning, paving the way for personalized treatments.
A woman with treatment-resistant depression was found to have a brain tumor after symptoms persisted for six months despite antidepressant and anti-anxiety medication. The tumor, located in her left frontal lobe, was later treated successfully with emergency surgery, resulting in the disappearance of depressive symptoms.
Researchers at the Salk Institute used genetic techniques to visualize three brain cell types in the visual cortex, shedding light on how the brain processes visual information. The study provides new insights into neural circuits and their potential implications for neurological disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
A new study using MRI scans found that 52% of active duty military personnel with blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) have white matter T2 hyperintensities, also known as 'brain scars'. Pituitary abnormalities were identified in almost a third of MTBI patients.
Researchers at The Neuro compiled a detailed map of the hippocampus, improving tools for diagnosing and treating epilepsy. The new atlas provides non-invasive ways to assess therapy impact and improve patient quality of life.
A new study maps specific schizophrenia symptoms to distinct brain circuits, revealing novel connections between cognitive, emotional, and intellectual symptoms. The findings have important implications for diagnosis and treatment, suggesting that brain scans could help identify individual patients and track progress during therapy.
Scientists can now observe neurons' electrical activity in real-time using a highly sensitive molecule fused with a fluorescent protein. This breakthrough allows researchers to study brain processing in living animals, offering unprecedented insights into cell-to-cell communication.
Researchers at the US Naval Research Laboratory have developed luminescent nanoparticles to image brain function, enabling real-time mapping of neural connections. The nanoparticles, specifically quantum dots, can track action potential changes with high fidelity and are ideal for interfacing with neurons.
Researchers at City College of New York have introduced a new optical window, dubbed the Golden Window, which enables deeper brain tissue imaging. This breakthrough has significant implications for the noninvasive study of the brain and breasts, reducing scattering that causes blurring in previous methods.
Researchers mapped the human brain's experience of gratitude using Holocaust survivors' testimonies, revealing areas responsible for feelings of reward and moral cognition. The study also showed that gratitude enhances empathy and understanding of historical events.
Researchers at Penn developed a new neuroimaging method that uses glutamate detection to identify epileptic lesions in patients with medication-resistant epilepsy. The GluCEST imaging method was tested on four patients and confirmed the location of the seizures with high accuracy.
Researchers have developed a new noninvasive light-based imaging technology that can see inside the living brain, providing a tool to study how diseases change brain tissue over time. The method doubles the image depth range, enabling examination of acute and chronic morphological or functional vascular changes in the deep brain.
Researchers matched behavioral symptoms to specific brain abnormalities, providing a new way of thinking about schizophrenia. The study found distinct subgroups of patients with schizophrenia that correlate with symptoms, offering a step toward improving diagnosis and treatment.
Research reveals fundamental rules governing brain regions' ability to exert control over thoughts and actions, using structural imaging techniques and network science. The frontal cortex's role in cognitive control is mechanistically explained, shedding light on its dynamic control of trillions of individual neurons.
Researchers replicate previous finding on how the brain processes music using a naturalistic free listening context, demonstrating reliable results and ecologically valid findings. The study fine-tunes previous findings, concluding which brain areas are involved in processing different musical elements.
A study using MRI to evaluate 603 military service members with TBI found that cerebral microhemorrhages were more common among those imaged within three months post-injury. Early detection of microbleeding could provide important information regarding disease progression or recovery.
Researchers emphasize the need to improve brain imaging accuracy for dementia diagnosis and progression prediction. MRI scans and PET scans show promise, but current methods are not sensitive or accurate enough for widespread adoption.
A study published in Vision Research found that amblyopia, or 'lazy eye,' alters the brain's visual pathways, making it harder for the brain to adapt to using the weaker eye. The research suggests a potential new approach for treating vision disorders, including adults.
Researchers used non-invasive brain-imaging tool to detect pathways connecting basal ganglia regions, improving understanding of circuitry. The breakthrough could lead to technologies to track disease progression for Parkinson's and other neurological disorders.
A study by researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that former NFL players who started playing tackle football before age 12 had a higher risk of altered brain development compared to those who started later. The study used advanced imaging techniques to examine brain structure in these players.
Researchers develop novel imaging technology to visualize brain's intricate structures, including neurons and blood vessels. The breakthrough enables scientists to study neurological disorders and understand how brain development shapes individual identity.
A computational model suggests that generosity and selfishness can be both fast and effortless, depending on the person and context. The model indicates that people are happier when mistaken generosity doesn't happen, highlighting the importance of focusing on others' thoughts and experiences.
Researchers found a strong correlation between the three-dimensional shape of the cerebral cortex and ancestral background. The study used data from over 1,200 children and adolescents to analyze genetic and neuroimaging information.
The study reveals that 89% of connections in the idealized brain network showed up in the real brain network, suggesting evolutionarily designed to be very close to what our algorithm shows. The scientists' strategy prioritizes function over structure, highlighting essential links for optimal navigation.
Scientists have updated the traditional brain map of language comprehension by discovering a new location for word comprehension in the left anterior temporal lobe. Sentence comprehension is found to be distributed widely throughout the language network, contradicting previous theories. The study provides a more precise target for futu...
Researchers used imaging and computation to unravel a complex neural mystery, discovering three simple rules that govern the visual system of the humble fruit fly. The findings have implications for understanding human brain development and could lead to new approaches to decoding complex biological systems.
A digital map of the ageing brain could aid diagnosis by comparing patients' scans with a detailed map of the healthy ageing brain. The atlas was able to pinpoint changes in brain structure that can be an underlying sign of early Alzheimer's disease.
A new laser-based technique called multi-exposure speckle imaging (MESI) aims to provide accurate blood flow measurements during neurosurgery. The technology has the potential to transform images and enable surgeons to distinguish healthy arteries from blocked ones, allowing for better assessment of problem areas.
New research from the University of California, Berkeley, shows that humans have a nose for navigation by converting smells into spatial information. Study participants navigated relatively closely to targeted locations using only their sense of smell, even when other sensory inputs were blocked.
Quantitative brain imaging techniques can detect early cognitive decline and prevent it by identifying key brain structures and lifestyle factors. Studies suggest that a 10% reduction in preventable lifestyle risks can prevent up to 3 million cases of Alzheimer's dementia worldwide.
Doctors at TUM used navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation to map motor areas in patients with malignant brain tumors. This method improved prognosis by reducing residual tumor tissue and shortening hospitalization periods. Mapping of motor areas also enabled surgeons to remove tumors without affecting functional areas.
Two Washington-area hospitals used lean manufacturing principles to reduce door-to-needle times for stroke patients, from 93 to 55 minutes, by streamlining their processes and improving teamwork. The techniques, known as SMART, can be applied to other hospitals using CT scans, allowing more efficient use of MRI scans in acute stroke care.
Scientists developed a new model to simulate grid cells in non-Euclidean spaces, revealing heptagonal symmetry on a pseudospherical surface. This finding suggests that the brain may be able to encode non-conventional geometries and abstract spaces.
Researchers Paul Dassonville and Scott A. Reed found that the brain relies on a shared representation of space to make perceptual judgments and guide behavior, contradicting the notion of separate pathways for perception and action. This study challenges long-held assumptions about how the brain processes visual information.
A UCL study finds that realising how places connect geographically causes local maps in the brain to join, forming one big map. This merged map helps with planning future journeys by understanding absolute location and distances between places.
Researchers created a detailed brain map of language impairments in aphasia following stroke, identifying four dimensions or factors: semantic recognition, speech recognition, speech production, and semantic errors. The study found that specific brain areas, such as the left Sylvian fissure and white matter bottleneck, are associated w...
A recent study published in The Lancet Neurology has found that a clot-busting drug called alteplase can benefit stroke patients without increasing the risk of bleeding. Researchers analyzed over 3,000 people and discovered that patients with early tissue damage from strokes still benefit from receiving the drug.
A Mayo Clinic study of over 3,600 postmortem brains reveals that tau protein is the primary driver of cognitive decline and memory loss in Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid buildup, while toxic, does not play a major role in disease progression, according to researchers.
Researchers have successfully developed an atomic force microscopy system that can image structural dynamics of living neurons with high spatial and temporal resolution. The new system enables analysis of cell morphology changes with a resolution ~20-100 fold better than that of a standard light microscope.
Researchers used a rat model to map the brain's communication between nerve cells as they learned to make decisions based on specific sounds. The study found that training rats to associate low frequency tones with food strengthened synaptic connections in the striatum, leading to improved performance.
A new study found that EEG measurements were more accurate in predicting individual preferences for movies than participants' conscious statements. The study also suggested that EEG tests are relatively cheap and can capture complete information about consumer behavior.
A study of 62 preteen girls found that those who experimented showed stronger connections between the rostrolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior insula/putamen, linked to exploring actions and body state, respectively. This could help identify teens at risk for risky behaviors.
Researchers discovered that brain's grid cells are anchored to one wall and rotated by a specific angle (7.5 degrees) to minimize symmetry and errors in navigation. The rotation is necessary to ensure accurate mapping of environments, even when landmarks are far apart.
Researchers used brain connectivity scans to identify patterns that predict success with behavioral activation talk therapy. Patients with major depressive disorder who had stronger connections between brain regions involved in cognitive control and emotion regulation responded better to the therapy.