Articles tagged with Neuroimaging
Research identified four simple checks on brain scans that can help doctors predict patients at risk of further bleeding after a brain hemorrhage. These checks can be applied during routine care to monitor patients and improve survival rates, especially in low- or middle-income countries where access to advanced CT angiography is limited.
Researchers created a map of over a billion brain cell connections to understand how memories are formed and recalled. The study revealed diverse patterns of synapses that may be key to recalling information, potentially helping scientists understand memory problems.
A new study finds that taking responsibility for others is a key trait of leaders, separating them from followers. Most people exhibit 'responsibility aversion', making decisions that impact others' welfare despite personal preferences.
For adults with non-index seizures, ED neuroimaging is associated with a 3% change in patient management. Clinical factors like acute head trauma, prolonged consciousness, and focal neurological examination increase the yield of imaging tests.
Researchers developed an algorithm that accelerates the registration of 3D medical images by learning from previous registrations, reducing processing time to minutes or seconds. The 'VoxelMorph' algorithm uses convolutional neural networks and achieves comparable accuracy to state-of-the-art systems.
A new study found that rheumatoid arthritis inflammation alters brain connectivity and structure, contributing to cognitive symptoms. Higher levels of peripheral inflammation were associated with changes in the inferior parietal lobule and medial prefrontal cortex.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a technique to engineer graphene electrodes with low impedance and transparency. This allows for simultaneous recording of neuronal activity and high-quality imaging of brain cell activity in transgenic mice. The technology brings graphene electrodes closer to being adapted into next-generation bra...
A team of scientists has created a comprehensive map of gene expression in individual brain cells during aging, using fruit fly models and AI to analyze vast amounts of data. This breakthrough atlas provides unprecedented insights into brain function and may lead to early diagnosis and personalized treatments for diseases.
Research reveals that impaired neural mechanisms in six large-scale brain networks contribute to human drug addiction behaviors, affecting cognition, emotional processing, and decision-making. The study identifies consistent impairments in brain function across these networks, which can inform the development of targeted treatment inte...
A team of scientists has created a map of the molecular network in the aging brain, revealing two new Alzheimer's disease target genes that can be deleted or modified to treat the disease. The study provides a unique resource linking molecular changes in nearly 500 older brains to cognition and brain pathology.
A study by UTHealth found that simple imaging on a non-contrast CT scan can be sufficient to determine thrombectomy treatment in stroke patients, achieving identical clinical outcomes as advanced imaging. This basic technique may broaden access to life-saving surgery for more patients, especially in remote areas.
Middle-aged adults with lower socioeconomic status exhibit less organized functional brain networks and reduced cortical gray matter thickness compared to those with higher SES. The study suggests that SES influences brain anatomy and network organization across adulthood, playing a role in age-related brain decline.
A new study has identified a mismatch between two MRI methods that can signify early stroke status, allowing the use of 'clot busting' drug tPA in patients with unwitnessed strokes. The study found similar outcomes to those previously reported for patients receiving tPA within 4.5 hours of witnessed strokes.
A new computer programme assesses whole brain deterioration and predicts cognitive function after stroke up to ten times more accurately than current methods. The 'brain health index' can quantify visible brain injury from cerebral small vessel disease and brain atrophy, giving early warning of risk of future cognitive decline.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a novel 'Tic-tac-toe' RF coil system for high-resolution brain imaging, addressing technical difficulties associated with ultrahigh field human MRI. The technology enables better understanding of neurological diseases such as depression, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia.
The TrueBrainConnect project aims to develop complex models capable of predicting different mental states based on EEG data. The researchers hope to identify early precursors of disease and delineate different types of dementia, leading to improved prognosis for neurological disorders.
Researchers used a novel barcode-based tracing method to map the projection patterns of individual neurons in the visual cortex. The study found that most primary visual cortex neurons distribute information to multiple downstream areas, rather than projecting to a single target.
Researchers at UCalgary have developed a portable brain imaging system that uses light to detect and monitor damage in the brain from concussion. The device measures communication in the brain by measuring oxygen levels, revealing patterns of blood flow and oxygen levels that change after concussion.
A new microscopy technique called SUSHI allows for simultaneous imaging of all brain cells in a specific region, overcoming previous limitations. This breakthrough enables researchers to gain new insights into brain function and organization, advancing our understanding of healthy and diseased brains.
A new study explores how our cognitive maps adapt to changing environments and reveals distinct connections between grid cells, place cells, and border cells. Researchers found that grid cells closer to the changing walls shift more than those further away, suggesting a non-homogeneous rescaling of the spatial metric.
A new brain imaging technique, radial VIBE, has shown promise in reducing motion-related artifacts in brain imaging of restless children. This alternative method to conventional MRI improved image quality and lesion conspicuity compared to MP-RAGE sequence.
The USC-led ATLAS project has compiled a large dataset of brain scans from stroke patients, which is now available for download. Researchers are using this dataset to develop and test algorithms that can automatically process MRI images from stroke patients, aiming to identify biological markers for personalized treatment plans.
Researchers at Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care have found that eye movements play a crucial role in storing memories, enabling the development of new diagnostic tools. Brain imaging studies identified patterns of eye movement and brain activity, revealing how our eyes help reconstruct past experiences.
The study found high-quality care for ordering brain imaging and administering antithrombotic agents, but gaps in care for processes like statin prescriptions, carotid artery imaging, and electrocardiography. Patients discharged from the Emergency Department without admission to a VA hospital had lower quality care.
A new study by the Endovascular Therapy Following Imaging Evaluation for the Ischemic Stroke (DEFUSE 3) trial demonstrated that brain-scan guided emergency stroke treatment can be effective up to 16 hours after symptom onset. The treatment led to improved outcomes, including increased functional independence and survival rates.
Dr. Olga Boukrina's research aims to identify high-risk patients with brain damage and type of reading difficulties after stroke, enabling early intervention. Her goal is to develop criteria for effective interventions to help stroke survivors regain their reading ability.
Neuroscientists have created a detailed map of the connections in the subgenual cingulate area 25 (A25) of non-human primates. The research reveals strong links between A25 and brain areas involved in emotional regulation, stress response, and memory formation.
A large-scale study found subtle brain abnormalities in people with epilepsy, even in those with typical seizures under control. The researchers identified reduced grey matter thickness and volume in various brain regions, including the cortex and thalamus, associated with longer duration of epilepsy.
Scientists have developed a new technique to map electrical circuits in the brain with unprecedented accuracy, revealing the detailed architecture of microcircuits. This breakthrough enables researchers to understand how the brain processes complex information and may lead to insights into behavior and sensory processing.
Researchers develop 3D images of the cervix using MRI to better understand its micro-structure and how it supports pregnancy. The findings suggest a fibrous structure running along the upper part of the cervix, which provides strength and support during pregnancy.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University are developing new technologies for understanding the brain, including high-throughput fluorescence synapse quantitation and a confocal fluorescence microscopy data repository. They aim to identify how and where synapses develop and change to understand learning, development, and disease.
Researchers at the University of Delaware and Delaware State University are studying the effects of traumatic stress in women and brain function to improve understanding of impulse control. The five-year grant will support non-invasive imaging techniques to explore brain function in living humans and laboratory animals.
INRS professor Jinyang Liang has designed an ultrafast, highly sensitive imaging microscope to study living animals. The new technology bridges the gap between biomedical, physics, and engineering fields.
A study led by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that surgeons who trained on simulators had higher cortical activation and faster cutting times. Simulator-trained medical students transferred skills to cadavers, outperforming peers with no simulator training.
Scientists have now shown that individual neurons in the mouse brain often spool out spindly fibers nearly half a meter long. The team's dataset and analysis tool, MouseLight NeuronBrowser, offer new insights into how elaborately-branching neurons route information in the brain.
A recent study published in Neurology found that young hockey players who experienced concussions may still have brain changes three months later. The study showed widespread damage to the white matter of the brain and a 10% reduction in metabolic molecules, highlighting the need for further research into concussion recovery.
A study using noninvasive brain imaging found that simulator-trained medical students demonstrated increased cortical activity and faster completion times for cutting tasks compared to those with no training. The researchers believe this approach can objectively assess surgical skill transfer, providing a more accurate representation o...
A large international study found that schizophrenia affects the entire brain's communication system, with frayed white matter wiring evident throughout. The study's findings could lead to the identification of biomarkers for treatment and a better understanding of the disease's causes.
A new UCSF-led study found that non-representative sampling in pediatric MRI images significantly distorted findings about brain development with age. The research team created a weighted version of the dataset to better reflect the US population, revealing faster-paced brain development and a back-to-front model of brain region develo...
A University of Texas at Arlington bioengineering professor and her team will integrate a portable brain imaging system with an advanced signal-processing technique for newborns. This project aims to provide real-time analysis needed to treat encephalopathy or brain swelling more quickly, saving the lives of sick babies.
A comprehensive study mapped specific cell types in mouse brains, revealing three major inhibitory cell types vary across cortical areas, and female brains have more modulatory neurons in certain subcortical regions. The study provides insights into brain function and has potential applications for understanding psychiatric disorders.
High-risk newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) exhibit reduced functional connectivity between key brain regions even before undergoing corrective open heart surgery. Global network organization remains intact, but small world networks show remarkable ability to withstand early-life brain injury.
Boston University School of Medicine researcher Hugo J. Aparicio is studying the associations between novel vascular biomarkers and cognitive dysfunction in a community-based study. The goal is to identify potential biomarkers for aging-related dementia, which could lead to earlier detection and treatment.
The NEMONIC project aims to develop and widely share new optical brain-imaging techniques, enabling the recording of brain cells in action. The team, led by UCSB scientists, uses light to measure brain activity, overcoming technological bottlenecks to understanding the mind and brain.
A new study found that decreased glucose metabolism in medial prefrontal areas is associated with nutritional status in patients with prodromal and early Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that hypometabolism in the medial prefrontal areas may explain the underlying mechanism of weight loss in AD. Decrease in fat mass was also lin...
Researchers discovered how brain processes visual information to make navigation decisions, creating a 'map' of location and linking actions. This finding may help understand breakdowns in Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders.
INRS professors Bernard Giroux and Jinyang Liang receive funding to develop geophysical monitoring tools for environmental risks and real-time brain imaging techniques for studying membrane dynamics in neurons. This research has potential applications in material sciences and optical physics.
The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) has announced the recipients of the 2017-2019 Wagner-Torizuka Fellowship. The two-year fellowship provides extensive training and experience in nuclear medicine and molecular imaging for Japanese physicians in the early stages of their careers. This year's fellows are Sho Mo...
Researchers are developing a novel, non-invasive, infrared-light-based neuro-stimulation tool to map and image the effects of infrared light on the human brain. The goal is to modulate and improve brain waves and circuits, leading to potential improvements in memory and cognition.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai and NeuroVision LLC have developed an experimental optical imaging system that detects retinal beta-amyloid, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study found a 4.7-fold increase in retinal plaque burden in patients with Alzheimer's compared to controls.
Researchers found significant microstructural changes in brain structure from early to mid-adulthood, allowing for accurate age estimation. These changes were associated with cognitive decline and disease, but the link to old-age cognitive decline is unclear.
A WSU research team developed a computer algorithm that accurately maps brain neural networks, similar to human performance, which could speed up the analysis of brain circuitry. This breakthrough could lead to improved understanding of devastating brain diseases and more efficient treatments.
A recent study published in Pain investigated widespread pain and its relation to the brain. Researchers found that individuals with widespread pain had increased gray matter and brain connectivity in sensory and motor cortical areas, similar to those with fibromyalgia.
The Cornell Neurotechnology NeuroNex Hub will develop new optical imaging tools for noninvasive recording of neural activity in animals, overcoming barriers to deep imaging and whole nervous system visualization. The hub aims to enable biologists to explore complex neuroscience questions, such as animal consciousness.
Researchers visualize how fruit flies sense and process both temperature and humidity through their brains, revealing a 'sensory map' that helps them avoid hot and dry conditions. This discovery could inform strategies to prevent mosquito-borne diseases by targeting the mosquitoes' own humidity receptors.
Harvard scientists have identified two brain networks that lie side-by-side in the brain and may play key roles in planning, remembering and imagination. These networks are intertwined, with one connected to memory structures while the other isn't, suggesting they originated from similar processes during brain development and evolution.
Researchers used machine learning to track 400,000 fruit flies' behaviors over 225 days and matched specific behaviors to different groups of neurons. The resulting brain-wide atlas offers insight into fly neural circuitry and could inform understanding of human behavior.
Researchers developed FAST - a fast whole-brain imaging system that can visualize individual cells and subcellular structures in the entire brain. This technique allows for faster comparison of multiple brains to gain new insights into brain diseases.
Researchers at KU Leuven found that blind individuals, including those without eyeballs, use the ventral-temporal cortex to categorize visual observations. This region is divided into smaller areas, each recognizing a particular category, such as faces, body parts, and objects.
Scientists at the Center for BrainHealth propose a systematic model for drug addiction research, focusing on craving as an intense urge to use drugs. They plan to reanalyze brain scans to quantify craving and its effects, potentially leading to targeted treatments.