Researchers at the Montreal Neurological Institute found that concussed athletes with depression showed reduced brain activity in regions known to be implicated in depression. The study provides important clinical implications for treating individuals who have suffered a cerebral concussion and highlights the importance of early interv...
Antioxidant supplements were found to have no beneficial effects on reducing cancer risk, while beta carotene supplementation was linked to increased risk of smoking-related cancers. The study also provides practical guidelines for workplace drug screening and concludes that nasal spray flu vaccine is a safe and effective way to preven...
Researchers at Princeton University found a highly simplified model molecule that behaves in much the same way as water, challenging conventional wisdom. The discovery may have implications for industrial or pharmaceutical research.
A recent study by McGill researchers has identified that small genetic variations can significantly affect the way genes produce proteins, resulting in diverse physical characteristics. These changes may contribute to the development of diseases such as cystic fibrosis and Type 1 diabetes.
The human brain can quickly perceive visual and auditory changes, but a recent study found that this ability is impaired when there's a brief time gap between the change and our perception. The researchers discovered that the brain uses more efficient mechanisms for auditory memory than visual memory.
The National Science Foundation has awarded Stevens Institute of Technology a two-year grant to create and implement the Environmental Entrepreneurship Lab. The lab aims to foster rapid marketplace realization of environmental innovations through an unconventional innovation transfer process, combining technology push with market pull.
Researchers at McGill University and Université de Montréal found that depression and anxiety can double a patient's chances of repeated heart ailments. Patients with coronary artery disease who had major depression or anxiety were more likely to experience cardiac events over two years.
BepiColombo, a joint ESA-JAXA mission, will make the most comprehensive study of Mercury ever, revealing its composition, magnetosphere, and origin. The mission consists of two spacecraft: MPO and MMO, carrying instruments to study the planet's surface and internal structure.
The University of Southern California (USC) has been selected for a major funding round to establish a new institute for stem cell research. The grant, worth up to $262 million, will support the construction of a facility for basic and discovery stem cell research, as well as preclinical and clinical studies.
A study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery found that simultaneous implantation of radioactive seeds and chemotherapy wafers following surgery improved patient survival rates for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. The median survival was 69 weeks, with nearly a quarter of patients surviving two years.
A new study funded by the Economic and Social Research Council found that foreign retailers can provide workers with opportunities to prosper and improve their skills in Chinese subsidiaries. Contrary to expectations, job satisfaction was high among employees in apparently menial jobs, such as checkout staff and warehouse workers.
Recent research found California's temperatures have jumped statewide by more than 2.1 degrees Fahrenheit between 1915 and 2000, with the warming being fastest in late winter and early spring. The study suggests that natural causes alone cannot explain this trend and points to greenhouse gases and urbanization as contributing factors.
Automated electronic medical laboratory reporting (ELR) significantly improves the completeness and timeliness of disease surveillance, allowing for earlier intervention in disease spread. The study found that ELR findings are automatically transmitted in real-time, reducing the reliance on traditional paper reports.
Scientists have developed a new method to produce hollow-core optical fibres, which could lead to faster and more powerful computing and telecommunications technologies. The breakthrough reduces production time from around a week to just one day, making the fibre superior in virtually every respect to previous versions.
A study by UCI researchers has identified the Lhx2 gene as the long-sought cortical creator gene, instructing stem cells in the developing brain to form the cerebral cortex. This finding could potentially be used in stem cell research efforts to grow new cortical neurons to replace damaged ones.
Researchers discovered significant changes in brain activity with intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy, leading to improved symptoms and reduced anxiety. The study suggests that this type of therapy may be more effective than previously thought, with potential implications for treatment.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute have identified a novel virus strongly associated with Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare but deadly skin cancer. The Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) was discovered using a novel sequencing technique and has similarities to human papillomavirus (HPV).
A new study indicates that preserving coastal ecosystem services doesn't have to be an all-or-nothing approach, and a better understanding of how ecosystems respond in a 'nonlinear' fashion could help reach societal compromises. The researchers used the values and uses of mangrove forests in Thailand as a case study, finding that prote...
Increasing levels of a protein called ABCA1 sharply reduced buildup of brain plaques characteristic of Alzheimer's disease in mice. Altering the brain's use of lipids may provide a new approach to treating the condition. The study highlights a promising target for potential Alzheimer's therapies.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute identified a nonsense mutation in the Coronin-1A gene that suppresses lupus development in mice. The study suggests that this mutation and other disease-suppressing genes may play a crucial role in modulating autoimmunity.
A double-blind study found that immunomodulation therapy reduced the risk of death from any cause or subsequent first hospitalisation for cardiovascular reasons by 8%. In subgroups with no history of heart attack, IMT was associated with a 26% reduction in primary events.
Scientists have found a promising anti-cancer drug candidate in HC-toxin, isolated from a fungal maize pathogen. The substance inhibits histone deacetylases, altering genetic material packaging and reducing cancer cell properties.
A new study published in Nature Genetics reveals that diet and lifestyle can significantly impact the effectiveness of certain drugs, including those used for cancer therapies. The research found that nutrient availability can either enhance or harm cell fitness, depending on the surrounding environment.
Researchers have discovered that paired microbes use a sulfur compound to eliminate methane from the oceans, preventing it from reaching the atmosphere. This process is crucial for regulating global methane and carbon cycles.
Research shows that families from non-English speaking ethnic minority backgrounds are less likely to receive Disability Living Allowance (DLA) grants than those from white, English-speaking backgrounds. Despite having similar needs, 69% of ethnic minority parents were granted DLA compared to 96% of white parents.
A study found that neutralizing IL-22 prevents psoriasis-like disease in mice by reducing skin thickening and inflammatory responses. Administering IL-22 into normal mice induced psoriasis-like skin lesions, supporting the role of IL-22 in the disease.
Researchers provide first genetic dissection of European American population structure, identifying key genetic variants that can correct for population substructure in disease association studies. By using a panel of 300 markers, researchers can determine whether observed associations are genuine or false-positives.
A Penn State and SUNY Fredonia team has estimated that the Marcellus shale contains 168 trillion cubic feet of natural gas in place, with optimistically suggested amounts as high as 516 trillion cubic feet. Horizontal drilling techniques could recover an additional 50 trillion cubic feet, keeping US production up.
Researchers at Dartmouth Medical School have discovered that the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene plays a dual role in regulating cell growth, acting as both a tumor suppressor and a gas pedal in cell signaling. This new understanding may help identify therapeutic targets for colon cancer treatment.
A recent study by Weill Cornell Medical College reveals that the brain contains its own store of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a powerful enzyme that boosts blood flow to brain cells via nitric oxide synthase. This finding has significant implications for understanding stroke and Alzheimer's disease, and may lead to new treatments.
A recent study found that multiple micronutrient supplementation reduced early infant mortality by 18% compared to iron and folic acid alone. The effect was greater in undernourished and anaemic women, with reductions of 25% and 38%, respectively.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics reveals that chromosomal abnormalities contribute substantially to autism, with 7% of children carrying unique genetic changes. The researchers identified 13 regions of the genome with overlapping or recurrent chromosomal changes in unrelated individuals with autism.
Researchers find that small losses of mangroves can be offset by gains from shrimp farming, allowing for a balance between environmental protection and economic development. The study suggests using ecosystem-based management to conserve entire ecosystems and mitigate the impact of human activities on natural habitats.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have discovered a genetic pathway that makes cancerous leukaemia cells resistant to treatment. Inhibiting this pathway, called hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), reverts the cells to respond to death-inducing agents.
A UC Riverside study shows that killing prey has both direct and indirect effects on ecosystems, leading to evolutionary changes in prey populations. The research found that prey adapt to food availability as well as the presence of predators, resulting in more food available to survivors.
Researchers found that dark coat color is linked to genes reducing fitness, contradicting Darwin's theory. The study reveals that light-coated sheep have higher reproductive success despite being smaller.
California's Central Valley faces significant risk of floods with extensive loss of life and billions in damages. The University of Maryland engineers recommend a comprehensive flood-risk abatement strategy focusing on land-use planning and ecosystem restoration.
Researchers found no significant increase in narcissism among college students from 1996 to 2007 compared to previous generations. High school seniors also showed no prominent increase on a related measure of self-enhancement. The study challenges previous reports suggesting a rise in narcissism among Gen Z.
Researchers have identified a new gene test that can identify men with a higher risk of developing prostate cancer. The study found that men carrying a combination of known risk genes are four to five times more likely to develop the disease, providing a potential breakthrough in early detection and treatment.
A team of researchers has discovered a means of inhibiting Entamoeba histolytica, a parasite that causes colitis and kills nearly 100,000 people each year. By targeting a protein called PATMK, the study successfully prevented the parasite from eating dead cells.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic Jacksonville have identified three genes on chromosome 10 associated with Alzheimer's disease. Blood levels of amyloid beta proteins were significantly elevated in asymptomatic young individuals from extended families, indicating a substantial genetic risk factor.
Using modified-release prednisone significantly reduces morning stiffness duration in RA patients by adapting to circadian rhythms. The new formulation has a higher mean relative change of -22.7% and reduced morning stiffness time by 44 minutes compared to standard prednisone.
Epstein-Barr virus uses LMP1 to activate TRADD, a critical signaling molecule. Without TRADD, LMP1 loses its ability to induce apoptosis, allowing uncontrolled cell growth and cancer formation.
A new study reveals a mechanism of regulating protein transport in neurons, where tau proteins act as smart speed bumps to regulate the movement of dynein and kinesin proteins. This finding provides insight into neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, which arise from impaired shipping systems.
Researchers have discovered that increasing lipid associated with apoE in the brain may decrease amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's patients. Meanwhile, a new study found that neutralizing IL-22 prevents psoriasis-like disease in mice, suggesting a potential approach to treating this chronic condition. Additionally, scientists have deve...
Scientists have developed a new tool to analyze corn's genetic makeup, enabling the identification and increased cultivation of high-vitamin A precursors. This method is designed to tap natural genetic diversity, significantly simplifying the task of finding high-vitamin corn strains.
A former US naval captain and interim health minister of Iraq criticises the US Department of Defense strategy for using achievement indicators instead of outcomes to judge the success of initiatives. The critique comes as a report confirms that far too many civilians have been killed during the US-led occupation, and many healthcare w...
Family members who declined organ donation often feel guilty due to conflicting views on the 'gift of life' vs. preserving their deceased relative's body. Despite many holding pro-donation views, they still choose not to donate out of concerns and mixed feelings about the process.
Genetic Alliance has named Genetic Testing as its official journal, a peer-reviewed publication reporting on genetic testing aspects. The alliance aims to advance healthcare through informed decision-making and partnership among stakeholders.
Researchers from NCAR and UCAR present over 100 papers on climate change, including connections between hurricanes and climate, economic value of weather forecasting, and impact on aviation. The study highlights the importance of accurate and timely weather forecasts for everyday life.
A comprehensive genetic study of Pacific Islanders has found that Polynesians and Micronesians have almost no genetic relation to Melanesians. Instead, they share a strong genetic connection with Taiwan Aborigines and East Asians, suggesting a rapid migration through Island Melanesia with minimal intermingling.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have discovered that USP22 is crucial for controlling large-scale changes in gene expression in cancer cells. The study reveals that USP22 is necessary for the global changes in gene expression patterns that occur in these cells, making it a potential target for new anti-cancer drugs.
A survey of top US hospitals found significant differences in guidelines for determining brain death, including variations in specialty requirements and examination procedures. The study highlights the need for revised guidelines to ensure consistency across institutions.
Fine particulate matter pollution linked to increased death rates from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Adopting the WHO standard of 10 µg/m3 could delay up to 7% of early deaths, while meeting the US EPA standard of 15 µg/m3 would only delay 1.6%. Reducing PM2.5 levels can also save billions in healthcare costs.
The study found an annual bone fracture rate of 3.6% in the UK population, with men having a higher rate than women, and manual workers more prone to fractures. The lifetime fracture rate among white people was almost double that of black and minority ethnic people.
A team of scientists has developed an economical approach to breeding maize with higher provitamin A levels, which can combat vitamin A deficiency. By identifying a naturally mutated enzyme, they can now inexpensively screen different varieties and breed those that contain it.
Researchers at UTMB have identified distinct subtypes of asthma using protein profiling, which could lead to tailored treatments. The study found four different asthma subtypes, including one associated with severe and treatment-resistant disease, offering new hope for more effective asthma therapies.
Researchers engineered mice to overexpress ABCA1, reducing amyloid deposition in the brain, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. This study provides new insights into the disease's pathophysiology and potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers uncover 'duality relations' between particle arrangements, enabling control of ground states and potentially creating novel materials with unique properties. The discovery could lead to materials that respond to light or mechanical stress in new ways, such as maintaining shape in extreme temperatures.
A cross-sectional survey of 437 Palestinian refugees found over half lived in one room only with no access to external ventilation or heating. Residents complained of damp and mould, while children under 15 were more likely to live in overcrowded conditions.