A study of 108,630 women found that living near areas with high levels of green vegetation was associated with lower mortality rates, particularly from kidney disease, respiratory disease, and cancer. The researchers attributed this to improved mental health, social engagement, physical activity, and reduced air pollution.
A new travel study by UConn faculty will gather current data on residents' travel characteristics to inform transportation infrastructure decisions. The study aims to determine the role of transit, biking, and walking in improving mobility in communities.
A Princeton graduate student has developed a program that helps stabilize fusion plasmas, reducing instabilities that decrease tokamak efficiency. The new method uses feedback from sensors for real-time control of plasma rotation and fuels fusion reactions.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center made significant progress in immunotherapy for advanced Merkel cell carcinoma, with longer response times than standard chemotherapy. Precision prevention of colorectal cancer showed that preventing diseases may not be 'one size fits all', highlighting the need for tailored approaches. Addit...
Scientists have discovered a potential method for battling obesity by stimulating brown fat in genetically predisposed mice, which may help treat metabolic syndrome and its related health issues. The study found that increasing heat production in the fatty tissue improved weight management and glucose control.
A new study found that at-home cognitive remediation training using a computer program can significantly improve cognitive test scores in people with multiple sclerosis. Participants who used the program for 12 weeks showed a 29% improvement, compared to a 15% improvement in the placebo group.
Researchers at University of California, Irvine, have found a way to reduce the aberrant accumulation of the mutant Huntingtin protein in Huntington's disease. By targeting and modulating levels of PIAS1, they showed improvement in symptoms and neuroinflammation in HD mice.
A low-fat diet for eight years improved breast cancer survival rates and reduced mortality in postmenopausal women. The study, conducted by the Women's Health Initiative, found that a sustained low-fat diet increased survival rates among women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Researchers at UC Davis discovered that oligosaccharides, not protein compounds, are key to nourishing beneficial microbes in infants' guts. These findings suggest cow's milk could be used to create therapeutic prebiotics for infants.
A team of researchers has identified the compound in mothers' milk that supplies nourishment to infants' gut microbiota. This compound can be obtained from cow's milk and may be used as a prebiotic for infants, potentially improving their formula.
MIT researchers developed a system that can quickly analyze tens of thousands of lines of code to find security flaws in popular web apps. The new debugger, called Space, evaluates data access procedures and identifies seven common ways web applications control access to data.
Patients with EGFR expressing advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer benefit most from necitumumab added to gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy. The addition of necitumumab improves overall survival and progression-free survival by 21% and 16%, respectively, in patients whose tumours express the EGFR protein.
A recent study re-affirms the use of interferon alpha as an effective treatment for patients with Hepatitis delta virus, a severe form of viral hepatitis. The research found that 35% of patients who responded to this therapy achieved sustained suppression of the virus and had favorable outcomes.
Researchers at EMBL have determined the structure of the nuclear pore complex's inner ring, a crucial component in controlling molecular traffic to the cell's nucleus. The discovery brings the nuclear pore into focus and holds potential implications for understanding its role in cancer and aging.
A graphene-based sensor and switch have been developed to detect individual CO2 molecules and VOC gas molecules, which are difficult to detect due to their low concentrations. The technology has the potential to improve air quality in homes with good insulation, reducing health problems such as sick building syndrome.
Researchers used numerical simulations to investigate the effect of red blood cell hold position on strain field during tensile testing. The results show significant variations in deformed geometry and strain distribution, highlighting the importance of considering hold position in RBC tensile test interpretation.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that guadecitabine, when combined with standard chemotherapy, is safe and may overcome resistance to irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The study showed stable disease for most patients and a partial response in one patient.
A study found that acute exenatide administration enhances glucose uptake and reduces insulin resistance in the liver and adipose tissue of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This treatment also improves glucose control in the liver and fatty cells, offering promising benefits for individuals with this condition.
Researchers from Inserm and Aix-Marseille University have confirmed that the ZIKA virus can be transmitted sexually. Genetic analysis showed a 100% correlation between the virus forms present in a man who contracted the virus in Brazil and a woman who had never traveled to an epidemic area but had sexual relations with him.
A new study suggests that improving the nutritional facts panel on food packages could lead to better consumer choices and reduced obesity rates. The research found that adding key nutrients and using a traffic light system improved consumers' ability to make informed decisions.
Tropical cyclone Fantala continues to intensify, moving westward over the South Indian Ocean. The storm's maximum sustained winds reached 100 knots on April 15, making it a Category 4 hurricane and a major threat to Mauritius.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory synthesized a stack of monolayers of two lattice-mismatched semiconductors, gallium selenide and molybdenum diselenide. The achievement demonstrates the promise of synthesizing mismatched layers to enable new families of functional two-dimensional materials.
Researchers discovered bacteria capable of using iron as an electron acceptor, enabling them to process energy and potentially leading to the origins of life. The studies also have implications for the search for life on Mars, where iron metabolism could be a crucial component.
A UC Davis study found that group symbols like logos and flags create the impression of a unified, effective, and cohesive group, even among diverse members. However, this can come at the cost of appearing less inclusive and warm. The research suggests using symbols strategically to achieve desired impressions.
Two Rotman professors, Dan Trefler and Liyan Yang, have been awarded the Bank of Canada's Fellowship and Governor's Awards respectively. The awards recognize their exceptional research contributions to macroeconomics, monetary economics, and international finance.
Two UConn projects, a light imaging system for rapid ovarian cancer detection and an artificial salivary gland for dry mouth relief, are developed with the help of the BioScience Pipeline Program. A bone scaffold system that can replace bone grafts is also being created.
A recent study analyzing 40 Zika virus strains identifies significant changes in amino acid and nucleotide sequences, diverging between Asian and African lineages. The data suggests the strains evolved from a common ancestor, with human isolates more closely related to the French Polynesia/2013 strain.
Studies demonstrate that tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is as effective and safer than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in treating chronic Hepatitis B, with fewer negative changes in bone and kidney parameters. TAF improves patient safety while sustaining efficacy in patients with chronic Hepatitis B virus infection.
UTARI researcher Endel Iarve will lead a three-year project to predict the strength and life of rotor blade assemblies using discrete damage modeling. The goal is to extend advanced computational techniques to larger aircraft structures, improving life prediction in rotorcraft structures.
Researchers found that uncontrolled fluctuations in Retinoic acid levels can lead to disruptions in brain organization during development. Identifying the protein that interacts with RA to reduce noise may improve understanding of developmental disorders and guide future studies.
A Dartmouth study finds that clear-cutting forest soils increases carbon release, contributing to climate change. Soils store up to 50% of total ecosystem carbon, and logging disrupts soil carbon dynamics.
Physicists at Cornell University have finally solved a puzzle that baffled researchers for over a century. Using computer game technology, they discovered the connection between smectics - liquid crystals forming ellipses and hyperbolas - and martensites, a crystalline structure of steel.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo developed an ultrathin, ultraflexible, protective layer that enables creation of electronic skin displays. The technology allows for wearable electronic devices to be attached to the body without damaging them.
University of Minnesota researchers record first-ever videos of heat moving through materials at the nanoscale, traveling at the speed of sound. This breakthrough could aid in designing better, more efficient materials for a wide range of applications, including personal electronics and alternative-energy technologies.
Researchers found that an investigational injectable treatment, RG-101, combined with direct-acting antivirals resulted in high virologic response rates among patients with genotype 1 and 4. The four-week treatment course showed promise in reducing Hepatitis C treatment time.
A new study found that Great Barrier Reef corals survived past bleaching events by being exposed to a gradual warming pattern. However, this protective mechanism is likely to be lost under near future climate change scenarios. The researchers recommend prioritizing conservation efforts for reefs with retained thermal protection.
A new surveillance camera algorithm can process high-resolution 4K videos in real-time, detecting faces, genders, and approximate ages. The algorithm works 10 times faster than existing ones, enabling automatic monitoring and emergency situation identification without operator attention.
A study by University of Iowa researchers found that female New Zealand freshwater snails that reproduce sexually are more resilient to parasitic worms than females that produce offspring asexually. The team tested the hypothesis in Lake Grasmere, finding that male snails were present even in areas with low parasite activity.
The new guidelines focus on customizing interventions based on local issues and resources, recommending preauthorization of broad-spectrum antibiotics, syndrome-specific interventions, and rapid diagnostic testing. This approach aims to improve patient outcomes and reduce the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Patients with severe liver disease face increased risk of death when treated with DAAs, according to a new study. The study highlights the need for individualized discussions between healthcare professionals and patients regarding treatment options.
Chinese scientists have developed a facile approach for the rapid and maskless fabrication of bio-inspired hierarchical structures using multi-beam laser interference. This technique enables the creation of large-area, low-cost, and high-volume 3D fabrication of micro and nanostructures. The method is simple and efficient compared to c...
Researchers found trees exchange large quantities of carbon among different species through mycorrhizal fungi. This discovery questions the concept of tree individuality and adds a new dimension to the role of these fungal networks in forests.
Researchers have developed a potentially life-saving drug therapy called ALM that can reduce internal blood loss by up to 60% in traumatic injuries. The treatment, administered intravenously, has shown promise in treating shock and stabilizing vital organs.
Early antibiotic use can permanently alter the diversity of children's immune cells, potentially leading to increased risks of inflammatory bowel disease and allergies. The study aims to understand how antibiotics impact T cell education and balance in the gut microbiota.
Researchers used SPECT-MRI fusion to assess sentinel lymph nodes in early-stage cervical cancer patients, finding that it could identify metastases with high accuracy. This non-invasive approach may reduce the need for surgical removal of lymph nodes and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a computer algorithm that accurately identified autism spectrum disorders using fMRI brain scans. The classifier worked across diverse populations, including Japanese and American adults, with an average accuracy of 85% and 75%, respectively.
A new study will explore the extent to which entrepreneurship empowers women refugees in Arab countries, assessing its impact on poverty alleviation. The research project will develop recommendations for aid programs across the Middle East and Africa to enhance effectiveness.
The NOvA particle physics experiment has successfully detected the transformation of muon-type neutrinos into electron-type neutrinos, a process known as neutrino oscillation. This discovery provides valuable insights into the subatomic world and the evolution of the universe.
A new study reveals that a genetic mutation protecting malaria parasites against a key anti-malarial drug eventually kills them by stopping energy production. This discovery could improve malaria treatment and prevent mass drug resistance from spreading.
Scientists at University of Maryland School of Medicine identified a key pathway for regulating the 'switch' between wakefulness and sleep. The study found that BK potassium channels play a critical role in encoding circadian rhythm in the brain, particularly during inactivation.
A new triple combination treatment of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir and GS-9857 achieved a high sustained virologic response rate of 99% in patients with HCV genotype 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6. The treatment was generally safe and effective, even in patients who had previously received direct acting antivirals.
A new combination treatment of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and GS-9857 demonstrates safety and efficacy in patients with genotype 1 HCV infection. The study achieved high sustained virologic response rates, with 98% of patients responding to the three-drug combination.
A randomized clinical trial found neratinib plus paclitaxel to delay central nervous system (CNS) metastases and reduce their frequency compared to trastuzumab plus paclitaxel in women with ERBB2-positive breast cancer. However, median progression-free survival was similar between the two groups.
Mutations in the RERE gene can cause developmental problems typical of 1p36 deletion syndrome, a relatively common cause of intellectual disability. The study identified 10 patients with RERE mutations, who exhibited similar medical conditions to those with 1p36 deletions.
A team of researchers from Cardiff University has provided new evidence on how deep sea creatures survived the asteroid strike that wiped out the dinosaurs. The study found that some forms of algae and bacteria were living in the aftermath of the disaster, providing a slow trickle of food for creatures near the seafloor.
A late-breaking abstract at the European Lung Cancer Conference presented findings on osimertinib's effectiveness as first-line treatment for EGFR mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. The study showed a high overall response rate and prolonged progression-free survival, suggesting that osimertinib may alter the biology of the disease.
A new study suggests that an eslicarbazepine acetate taken once a day may control seizures in people with partial seizures as well as carbamazepine taken twice daily. The six-month study showed that 71% of those taking eslicarbazepine were seizure-free, compared to 76% of those taking carbamazepine.
A nationwide study found that women living in homes surrounded by more vegetation had a 12% lower overall mortality rate and stronger associations with reduced respiratory disease and cancer mortality. Improved mental health was estimated to explain nearly 30% of the benefit from living around greater vegetation.
A team of entomologists has discovered 12 new scuttle fly species in Los Angeles, showcasing the city's impressive insect diversity. The BioSCAN project, launched in 2013, aims to document urban faunal collections, emphasizing the importance of constant scientific curiosity and attention to rapidly changing environments.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered 'Teslaphoresis', a phenomenon where carbon nanotubes self-assemble into long wires using a Tesla coil's force field. The team, led by Paul Cherukuri, reported their results in ACS Nano and demonstrated the ability to assemble and power circuits using the force field.