A team of microbiologists developed CRAGE to study and produce secondary metabolites, compounds produced by microbes for internal and external messaging. The technique allows scientists to access these compounds more readily than before, filling significant gaps in our understanding of microbial interactions.
Research reveals brain areas can be repurposed to process information from unrelated body parts, contradicting previous assumptions about body map limitations. Functional MRI scans showed unused hand regions activated by movements of other body parts, suggesting a more dynamic and adaptable brain network.
A new system developed by Yale scientists uses viral gene therapy and CRISPR gene-editing technology to make cancer cells stand out from the crowd, helping the immune system spot and eliminate tumors that other forms of immunotherapies might miss.
Three peptides from Australian fungus Penicillium exhibit unique amino acid structures, leading to development of bilorphin and bilactorphin as novel analgesics acting on opioid receptors. These findings suggest a new pathway for pain management with reduced adverse effects.
A new study at UCSF used brain maps to predict FTD progression by analyzing connected brain networks, offering insights into the disease's spread and potential clinical tools. The research suggests that individualized predictions can be made based on neural network maps, which could lead to more effective treatment development.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of seven studies with 4.3 million participants found a potential association between bipolar disorder and an increased likelihood of a subsequent Parkinson disease diagnosis. However, subgroup analyses suggest possible overestimation of the magnitude of the associations.
A study by Georgia State University researchers found that monkeys were more willing to explore efficient options when solving problems, whereas humans tend to stick with familiar strategies. This cognitive bias can lead to inefficient decisions and missed opportunities.
A new index uses data from books and newspapers to measure national happiness over 200 years, revealing that economic booms and busts have little long-term effect on well-being. The study found increases in longevity and post-war stability had a significant impact on happiness, while wars had a lasting negative impact.
A Yale-developed drug stimulates immune cells to shrink or kill tumors in mice, with lasting effects and broad immune response. The therapy is effective alone or in combination with existing cancer immunotherapies, and has shown synergistic effects when combined.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to amplify the light emitted by molecules using plasmonic nanoparticles. By optimizing the spectral frequency overlap between the molecule and nanoparticle, they can enhance signal detection up to 10 times. This technique has potential applications in analyzing catalysts and improv...
A study published in New Phytologist reveals the evolutionary history of oaks, showing that different lineages are driven by distinct sets of genes. The research highlights the key role oaks play in supporting ecosystems and provides insights into conservation efforts.
A global survey of large freshwater lakes found that summer algal blooms are increasing in intensity, harming aquatic life and human activities like agriculture and tourism. Climate change is likely exacerbating the problem, with warmer temperatures hindering recovery efforts in some areas.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that self-reported suicide attempts are increasing among Black teenagers, even as they decline in other racial and ethnic groups. The study also revealed a significant increase in injuries from suicide attempts among Black male teenagers.
A team of researchers has developed a robotic device that can mimic the sensory function of human skin, allowing it to sense touch and respond accordingly. The device, which features a stretchable transistor, represents a significant step towards creating prosthetics that can directly connect with peripheral nerves.
Lehigh University is presenting various research projects, including 3D printing for tissue regeneration and biomechanics of Ebola adhesion. The university also launched a new B.S. program in Biocomputational Engineering, emphasizing innovation in bioengineering and healthcare.
Researchers have developed a cheap catalyst that can generate hydrogen gas for hours in a commercial device, offering a potential solution to reduce the cost of producing this important industrial chemical. The catalyst, based on cobalt phosphide nanoparticles, was tested in a commercial electrolyzer and operated well over 1,700 hours.
A new method called PedBE clock estimates age in children under 20 using DNA methylation patterns from cheek cells. This technique is linked to gestational age and autism spectrum disorder, suggesting its potential for studying child development through epigenetics.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that women have half the average number of followers as their male counterparts, despite similar tweet activity. The disparity holds implications for gender disparities in academic medicine and the effectiveness of social media platforms.
A new study published in Management Science found that online retailers' delivery strategies can significantly impact customer loyalty and sales. Popular products, especially those with high prices and limited discounts, suffer the most without a reliable delivery service.
A new study developed genetic-based epilepsy risk scores that can accurately distinguish between healthy patients and those with epilepsy, as well as between patients with generalized and focal epilepsies. These scores have the potential to identify high-risk patients earlier and guide precision treatment.
Researchers discovered a 44% decrease in topsoil lead between 1999 and 2017 and a 64% decline in children's blood lead levels between 2000 and 2016. These findings suggest a link between reduced soil lead and lower blood lead levels in children.
A new study by biologists at the University of Chicago and University of North Carolina reveals how species that form long-term pair-bonds raise their young more efficiently. By investing in love and affection, males stimulate females to work harder, leading to increased reproductive success.
Research at Columbia University Irving Medical Center identifies the types of physical and psychological stress that may matter most to pregnant women. Physically stressed mothers are more likely to give birth prematurely and have a female baby, while socially supported mothers are more likely to have a male baby.
A team led by Chongmin Wang at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory found that certain compounds in the electrolyte prompt the growth of dendrites and whiskers. By manipulating the battery's ingredients, they hope to prevent their growth and eliminate a major obstacle to widespread use of lithium metal batteries.
Researchers successfully grew ten crops in Mars and Moon soil simulant, including garden cress, tomato, and radish. The study found that nine out of ten crops produced edible parts, with the exception of spinach.
Researchers developed a bioelectronic implant that can sense dangerously low oxygen levels and administer naloxone to prevent opioid deaths. The device is small, wireless, and can be implanted just beneath the skin to bypass barriers in current overdose treatment.
Researchers developed optogenetic platform 'optobody' that activates antibody fragments with blue light, enabling temporal control over protein functions in living cells. The tool has great clinical promise for therapeutic strategies in cancer and inflammatory diseases.
A recent study analyzing national survey data found significant breastfeeding disparities among US children based on race/ethnicity. Breastfeeding rates were lower for black infants compared to white infants, especially when sociodemographic factors were considered.
A study by Dr Louisa Kulke found that reflex eye movements are independent of facial expression and occur just as quickly. The researcher used a combination of eye-tracking and EEG to investigate attention shifts during emotional face processing.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have made a breakthrough in understanding how spinal discs respond to injury. They found that using drugs like fasudil can calm cells and delay their default healing response, which has potential as a treatment for disc degeneration and back pain. This discovery highlight...
A study involving over 600 people found that large teams with a single platform and influential individuals boost LEGO construction growth. Ideal team compositions including weak ties can maximize creativity and productivity.
A new Nightlife Safety Plan intervention demonstrates a reduction in alcohol and drug overuse among young adult nightclub patrons. The program increased protective actions among individuals to keep group members safe and reduced blood alcohol concentration.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that nonpharmacologic treatments, such as massage and touch therapy, were more effective than pharmacologic treatments in reducing aggression and agitation in adults with dementia. The authors recommend prioritizing nonpharmacologic approaches over medications due to potential harms associate...
A new study finds that severe sleep apnea is a risk factor for treatment-resistant diabetic macular edema, a complication of diabetes causing vision loss or blindness. Patients with severe sleep apnea were more likely to experience worsening eye disease and require multiple treatments.
Researchers at RUDN University have developed a method to identify electronic devices using defects in flash memory cells, which are unique to each device. The distribution and nature of these defects can be used to create 'fingerprints' that cannot be faked.
A study analyzing research article data from 1950 to 2018 found that the average distance between articles on citation networks decreased over time, while ties between articles from different fields increased. Citation networks depend on high-impact articles, suggesting increased interconnectivity among scientific disciplines.
A Tulane University study links long-term soil lead changes to children's blood lead levels, highlighting urban areas' role in exposing kids to toxic metals. The research also reveals socioeconomic disparities in lead exposure, with black children more likely to have higher blood lead levels.
Cornell researchers have discovered a way to control superconductivity in heavy fermion metal CeIrIn5 by stressing and deforming it. This method allows for spatial control of superconductivity without relying on chemical augmentation, enabling potential applications in Josephson junction devices and quantum computing.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center will study the impact of financial navigation services on rural cancer patients in North Carolina. The study aims to connect patients with potential financial support resources and reduce financial toxicity associated with cancer care.
A team of researchers from the University of Sydney has made a breakthrough in the search for an opioid alternative, discovering a fungus that produces tetrapeptides mimicking endomophins. The findings, published in PNAS, suggest a new drug could be developed with fewer side-effects and effective pain relief.
A study examines the relationship between humans and butter clams in the Salish Sea over 11,500 years. Traditional management practices led to thriving clam populations despite heavy harvesting pressure.
Researchers at UCI have developed a new scanning transmission electron microscopy method that enables visualization of the electric charge density of materials at sub-angstrom resolution. The technique revealed the mechanism of charge transfer between two materials and uncovered clues to the origins of ferroelectricity.
Researchers at Princeton University explore adversarial tactics applied to artificial intelligence, which can trick systems into causing gridlock or revealing sensitive information. Machine learning systems are vulnerable to data poisoning and evasion attacks, which can compromise their performance and safety.
Physicists at the University of Basel have experimentally verified that the heat generated through friction in topological insulators can be significantly reduced. By regulating voltage, they observed a novel quantum-mechanical dissipation mechanism, enabling targeted control over electronic friction.
A new study from MIT reveals that glycans in mucus can disarm opportunistic pathogens and prevent infections. The researchers found that these sugar molecules can regulate the behavior of microbes, preventing them from communicating with each other and forming infectious biofilms.
A new study from Penn researchers reveals that the molecular mechanisms of newly formed precursor T cells drive transformation into exhausted T cells. The discovery could help identify patients who may benefit from specific treatments, such as checkpoint inhibitors.
Deforestation in the Amazon region has been shown to increase malaria transmission by 3.27% for every 10% increase in forest loss. This effect is more pronounced in areas with limited remaining forest, highlighting the interconnectedness of environmental and human health.
Research reveals that maternal psychosocial, physical, and lifestyle stress are associated with distinct offspring health outcomes. Babies born to stressed mothers exhibit reduced fetal heart rate-movement coupling, indicating neurodevelopmental issues.
Researchers found moderate levels of covariation between human and chimpanzee brain and braincase features, but distinct positions of brain sulci relative to cranial sutures in humans. The study suggests that changes in braincase morphology may be related to increased encephalization and bipedalism.
The study found that all tested tyrosine kinase inhibitors increased COX-2 expression in at least one of the tested cell lines in vitro. Fluorocoxib A uptake correlated with COX-2 expression detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis in xenografts in vivo.
Researchers at NC State University have developed soft polymer microparticles with hierarchical branching on the micro- and nanoscale, exhibiting strong adhesion and structure-building properties. These materials, inspired by gecko feet, have potential applications in various fields such as gels, pastes, foods, nonwovens, and coatings.
A team of FSU researchers examined over 50 years of data from 1950 to 2016, finding consistent patterns in mariculture development globally. Countries with stable production farmed a greater diversity of species than those with fluctuating trends.
A pioneering clinical trial will assess the safety and efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) in alleviating hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's-related psychosis. The study aims to determine whether CBD can correct abnormal brain functioning and improve quality of life for affected individuals.
Researchers discovered traumatic microbleeds are a form of blood vessel injury following brain trauma, and predict poor outcomes. The study found that patients with severe head injuries were more likely to have microbleeds and greater disability.
A recent study has found greater signs of blood vessel damage than nerve damage in traumatic brain injuries, challenging the ongoing hypothesis that blunt force causes nerve damage. The researchers' discovery could influence the development of new treatments and therapies for TBI.
University of Hawaii researchers have captured a groundbreaking video of humpback whales using bubble nets, providing new insights into the fine-scale details of this behavior. The study is part of a larger project investigating causes of a possible decline in humpback whale numbers.
A new study found that cataract surgery significantly improves drivers' safety on the road. After undergoing surgery, patients experienced a 48% decrease in near misses and crashes. This improvement was due to enhanced contrast sensitivity and night vision.
A new study links common bladder medication Elmiron to a vision-threatening eye condition, finding that about one-quarter of patients with significant exposure show signs of retinal damage. The research highlights the potential for long-term use of the drug to masquerade as other known conditions.
Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have created a new layered superconducting material with four distinct sublayers, achieving unparalleled customizability and higher critical temperatures. By introducing different elements, they were able to raise the critical temperature from 0.5K to above 2.0K and later to 3.0K.
Researchers discovered that jumping genes cause genetic changes in some patients with undiagnosed neurodevelopmental diseases. Diagnoses were achieved for three previously undiagnosed children, helping their families access support and understand disease risks.