Research from Imperial College London finds air pollution associated with increased mortality and reduced life expectancy in the US. Fine particles PM2.5 are estimated to have caused 15,612 female deaths and 14,757 male deaths between 1999-2015.
Early treatment with stimulant medication has strong protective effects against mood disorders, conduct disorders, substance use disorders, driving impairments, and academic failure in children and young adults with ADHD. The study found that three participants needed to be treated to prevent one from developing serious outcomes.
Research found that extracellular vesicles derived from kids' fat can disrupt cholesterol disposal in various tissues, regardless of weight. The study suggests that fat tissue plays a pivotal role in triggering cardiovascular disease, even before symptoms appear.
A new Canadian study found that food insecurity and lack of a high school degree are significant impediments to recovery from suicidal ideation. Conversely, individuals with social support, knowledge of their ancestral language, and education were less likely to have experienced suicidal thoughts in the past year.
Researchers analyzed a 120-year data set to confirm climate change's impact on precipitation events and floods. The study found six of seven highest precipitation events occurred within the last 20 years, with three storms resulting in abnormally large floods.
Researchers discovered signs of 'feasting behavior' associated with white-tailed deer at the Sitio Sierra archaeological site. The findings suggest that deer hunting was restricted and consumption linked to important occasions, reinforcing social relations among Panamanian pre-Columbian populations.
A study by ISGlobal found that women using kerosene lamps for lighting had significantly higher exposure to black carbon particles, leading to increased risk of tuberculosis, respiratory infections, and low birth weight. The study's findings highlight the need for alternative energy sources in rural areas.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has awarded $3.5 million in fellowships to 15 early-career researchers, providing them with independence to pursue high-risk projects. The funding aims to support innovative cancer research and encourage promising young scientists to pursue careers in the field.
In a groundbreaking study, researchers discovered that anemonefish undergo male-to-female sex changes first in their brains before gonads are affected. The transition occurs independently of the gonads and can take months or years to complete.
A study by University of Notre Dame researcher Siyuan Zhang and collaborators identified a gene that makes triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells vulnerable to existing therapies. The discovery suggests that a targeted drug therapy may be effective for this aggressive type of breast cancer.
A Mediterranean-style diet has been shown to reduce the risk of gestational diabetes (by 35%) and weight gain (average 1.25 Kg) in pregnant women, particularly those with pre-existing obesity or metabolic risks. The study suggests that this intervention could be effective for high-risk pregnant women.
Researchers have created a predictive model to guide the synthesis of new materials that are tough enough for the mining and space industries. The 'Mendelevian search' algorithm considers all possible combinations of elements in the periodic table, resulting in highly accurate predictions of material properties.
A new paper proposes that behaviors common to autism, such as low eye contact and repetitive movements, may not be indicative of social aversion but rather a desire for social connection. Autistic individuals share their experiences, expressing frustration with misinterpreted stereotypes.
Researchers at the University of Maryland and National Cancer Institute identified 12 distinct gene-pair relationships in tumor cells that could be targeted for cancer therapy. These relationships were associated with varying levels of expression in the two genes and correlated with cancer patient survival.
A University of Washington study explores what motivates people to join and stick with citizen science projects like COASST. The analysis of survey responses from 310 new participants and 623 long-term contributors reveals that outdoor activities, a sense of place, and social interactions are key drivers of participation.
In a large 24-week study, rheumatoid arthritis patients saw substantial improvement from daily use of an experimental compound. Filgotinib, a selective JAK-1 inhibitor, showed significant benefits in reducing joint swelling and improving disease activity compared to placebo.
Researchers from Forschungszentrum Jülich and RWTH Aachen University have identified a second critical mode in neuronal networks, allowing for parallel information processing. This newly discovered dynamics permits the network to represent signals in numerous combinations of activated neurons.
A study led by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers reveals that Misr2+ cells play a critical role in forming a healthy uterus. The cells, which express the receptor for Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS), are found to continue expressing MIS past sexual differentiation, contributing to uterine development.
A new study found that rising temperatures due to climate change will increase the number of days with high concentrations of ozone in the Mid-Atlantic region, posing significant health risks. The study, led by Cristina Archer, analyzed nearly 50 years' worth of data and found that near-ground ozone levels can exacerbate respiratory co...
The HOPE study found that most women accepted the dapivirine ring and used it consistently throughout the year. The study showed a significant reduction in HIV incidence among participants, with an estimated 39% decrease in risk compared to those not offered the ring.
A study published in Brain Injury found that patients with mild concussions experienced reduced sense of smell within 24 hours of their accident, which returned to normal after six months. However, anxiety persisted for a year after the injury, affecting approximately 65% of concussed patients.
A new study suggests global warming may have played a pivotal role in the emergence of Candida auris, a serious public health threat. The fungus can grow at higher temperatures than its closely related species, adapting to climate change and breaking through human protective temperatures.
A study published in Journal of Climate reveals that global warming will accelerate the water cycle over global land monsoon regions, enlarging the wet-dry season contrast. This could lead to increased crop yields in some areas and food security threats due to depleted soil water.
PCORI is funding two projects to expand use of PCORI-funded research findings in real-world practice. A $1.4 million project aims to increase lung cancer screening rates, while an $860,000 project seeks to improve care for adolescents with TBI through a self-guided online therapy program.
A new study found that cigarette smoking significantly increases the risk of peripheral artery disease, which can persist for up to 30 years after quitting. Compared to never-smokers, smokers had a fourfold increased risk of developing peripheral artery disease.
Tropical Storm Dalila strengthened after NASA's Aqua satellite detected reduced wind shear, enabling stronger storms to form around its center. The storm is now forecast to weaken by Thursday and potentially degenerate into a remnant low.
College students with lower social self-efficacy benefit from using Facebook to form new connections, while those with higher confidence rely on traditional media. The study found that Facebook can compensate for reduced face-to-face interaction with close friends and works best when supplementing traditional media in making new colleg...
Tropical Depression 3 formed off central Florida's eastern coast, generating heavy rainfall northeast of its center. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission found rain falling at a rate of 25 mm/hour in this area.
Researchers developed a user-friendly, stretch-sensing data glove to capture real-time, interactive hand poses with precision. The gloves outperformed commercial products in most cases, and the team plans to expand to other sizes and shapes.
Research suggests that mothers are uniquely susceptible to social media marketing tactics, leading them to share their children's personally identifiable information online. The study highlights the need for enhanced government guidance and parental education on the consequences of sharing personal info about their kids.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a novel method to create skim milk powders with enhanced properties and functionality, offering a potential replacement for synthetic emulsifying agents. The new processing technology could lead to the creation of foaming agents that are recognizable on food labels.
Scientists discovered that microbes adopting a 'co-operative' approach to acquiring nutrients thrive in fluctuating environments. In contrast, internal nutrient breakdowns lead to instability and population decline due to exploitation by neighboring microbes.
A new study found that individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) or atherosclerotic heart disease (ASCVD) experienced more cardiovascular events when they couldn't get their prescribed LDL-cholesterol lowering medication. Those whose PCSK9 inhibitors were rejected by insurance had a 16% increased risk of a cardiovascular even...
Researchers have discovered a key toxin in the Legionella bacteria that enables its growth and infection in human cells. The toxin, SidJ, targets innate immune pathways and has a kinase fold, making it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.
Researchers found that volcanic eruptions in one hemisphere reduce monsoon rainfall in the same hemisphere, while enhancing it in other hemispheres. This phenomenon is attributed to changes in atmospheric circulation, which play a dominant role in rainfall responses.
New research suggests that exosomes play a profound role in creating brain cells and circuits. The study found that exosomes can restore health to brain cells affected by developmental diseases, including Rett syndrome.
Researchers discovered two proteins that act like a 'clutch' in cells to activate the immune response. These protein condensates guide the movement of contents inside cells, much like switching gears in a car. The study sheds light on control mechanisms for immune activation and could lead to designing T cells with specific functions.
A new Harvard study contradicts the assumption that implementing universal coverage would lead to a sharp increase in hospital use. Instead, researchers found that past insurance expansions redistributed care, with increases in hospital care among newly insured individuals offset by small decreases among healthier and wealthier Americans.
Scientists have discovered that Aedes aegypti mosquitoes use both vision and smell to track their victims, with CO2 affecting the responses of neurons in visual centers. This finding has significant implications for understanding mosquito-borne diseases and developing effective control measures.
Introducing peanut protein regularly can lower a baby's risk of developing a peanut allergy. Canadian Medical Association Journal recommends introducing peanut butter or powdered puff at home between 4-6 months for most babies.
A protein called UV-DDB has been found to identify and supervise the repair of DNA damage, suggesting a key role in maintaining genome stability. The discovery sheds light on why some individuals with a rare genetic disorder are more susceptible to cancer.
A recent meta-analysis found that people with the highest adherence to predominantly plant-based diets had a 23% lower risk of type 2 diabetes compared to those with weaker adherence. Healthy plant-based foods have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and blood pressure, reducing weight gain and inflammation.
The Nunavik Inuit population has a homogenous genetic background distinct from other populations. Their genome shows evidence of adaptations in fatty acid metabolism and cellular adhesion, as well as a variant linked to increased intracranial aneurysm risk.
A research team devised a novel mechanism to transport droplets at record-high velocity and distance without extra energy input. The new strategy uses surface charge density manipulation to achieve unidirectional and self-propelled liquid droplet transportation on diverse substrates.
A new mathematical model describes how highly concentrated antibody solutions separate into different phases, similar to an oil and water mixture. This separation can reduce the stability and shelf-life of some drugs that use monoclonal antibodies.
Stephen Montgomery, a Stanford University geneticist, receives ASHG's Early-Career Award for his innovative work on gene regulation, rare genetic variants, and exercise-induced molecular impacts. He has made significant contributions to the field, mentoring numerous students and postdoctoral researchers.
Researchers used observations and physics theory to estimate magnetic field strengths for four hot Jupiters, ranging from 20 to 120 gauss. The findings suggest that internal heat flux plays a key role in determining planetary magnetic fields.
A quarter of adults aged 40+ take daily aspirin for heart disease prevention without physician's advice. Nearly half of adults 70+ report taking aspirin daily due to potential harm outweighing benefits.
Researchers in Kyoto have developed a 'quantitative biomarker' to assess the quality of corneal cells, allowing for prediction of their long-term efficacy through simple observation. This breakthrough has potential applications in preemptive medicine, enabling clinicians to intervene before severe symptoms appear.
A study by the Wellcome Sanger Institute reveals that a multidrug-resistant malaria strain has spread aggressively across Southeast Asia, replacing local parasite populations in Vietnam, Laos, and northeastern Thailand. The resistant strain has picked up additional genetic changes, enhancing its resistance to treatment.
A new Stanford University School of Medicine study found that 79% of preschoolers with ADHD symptoms have impaired school readiness, compared to 13% of their peers. The research highlights the need for early identification and intervention strategies to support these children's educational success.
A hybrid teacher incentive program that combines mentorship, coaching, and performance-based compensation improved student test scores in math and social studies, but not in English and science. The program's benefits exceeded its costs, with estimated potential earnings of $945,000 per school year for math
A phase I clinical trial demonstrates the potential of regenerative therapy for hypoplastic left heart syndrome through collecting, processing and injecting an infant's own stem cells directly into the heart at the time of surgery. The study showed no deaths or significant safety concerns over six months following surgery.
Researchers identified social norms and self-efficacy as the primary drivers of population-wide dietary shifts towards sustainable diets. The study found that these factors, particularly in young populations and among females, play a crucial role in shaping behavior influencing diet changes.
A new study reveals Americans are drilling deeper than ever to access freshwater, but this trend is not a long-term solution to groundwater depletion. Deeper well drilling can be expensive and requires more energy, and it may not address the root cause of water scarcity.
A University of Houston researcher is studying the impact of racial discrimination on moderate-to-heavy drinking adult Latinxs, revealing higher rates of anxiety and excessive drinking. The study aims to raise awareness about sociocultural experiences that increase risk for addiction.
Researchers studied cortical thickness in 43 infants over two years, finding it increases rapidly until 14 months. Each developmental region of thickness was functionally important, with some continuing to thicken beyond 2 years.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a computational method to model large accumulations of subsurface salt, a challenging material to derive accurately from seismic imaging data. This technique allows for the efficient extraction of oil and gas by pinpointing fossil fuel reservoirs with greater accuracy.
New research using fMRI data from 1,445 individuals reveals diverse brain regions involved in emotion identification, challenging previous studies that focused only on the amygdala.
ASHG honors Drs. Weitzel and Blazer for their exceptional contributions to cancer genomics education, impacting thousands of patients globally. Their initiatives have prepared clinicians for leadership roles in translational research and improved healthcare outcomes.