University of Illinois Professor Nenad Miljkovic validated the antimicrobial efficacy of John Boos & Co.'s proprietary cutting boards and companion board oil and cream. The study found that application of the Mystery Oil and Board Cream created an antimicrobial, hydrophobic surface that killed bacteria after three hours.
A UCL-led study found that adding canned laughter to jokes increases their perceived funniness, while real laughter has a more significant effect. The research also discovered that autistic adults respond equally well to both types of laughter, suggesting comedy may be more accessible to individuals with autism.
New evidence suggests that laugh tracks increase the perceived funniness of corny 'dad jokes'. The study found that spontaneous laughter has a greater effect on humor ratings than posed laughter, and this effect holds true for both neurotypical and autistic individuals.
Researchers observe anomalous spin-orbit torque in ferromagnetic films without spin-orbit coupling, indicating a new competition between spin alignment and magnetization. This finding has implications for energy-efficient magnetic-memory technology.
Researchers identified a repeated stretch of DNA as the cause of four rare neurodegenerative diseases, including fragile X tremor/ataxia syndrome and Parkinson's disease. The discovery uses advanced DNA sequencing technology and may lead to insights into other diseases caused by similar mutations.
Researchers at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville developed a gamelike intervention that reduces hallway disruptions by up to 74 percent. The intervention rewards classes for quick transitions, leading to improved behavior and faster class changes.
A new study has found that the Nunavik Inuit population in Canada's Arctic have a distinct genetic profile, which may predispose them to brain aneurysms. Researchers analyzed the genetic characteristics of 170 Inuit volunteers and identified unique variants correlated with a higher risk of this condition.
Short periods of social isolation can lead to significant changes in neuronal remodeling and gene expression in forebrain regions involved in higher-order cognition. These neurogenomic changes may influence brain health and the processing and perception of experience.
Researchers at UTA and UT Southwestern are studying the mechanisms of exercise intolerance in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) to develop personalized therapies. They aim to identify common characteristics among HFpEF patients based on cardiac, pulmonary, and skeletal muscle limitations.
Dodder parasitic plants have stolen over 100 functional genes from their host plants, contributing to their ability to latch onto and steal nutrients. The transferred genes also produce small segments of RNA that may act as weapons to silence host defense genes.
A gene test can identify prostate cancer patients who are likely to respond to a new type of treatment that uses radioactive particles to kill cancer cells. The test detects genetic weaknesses in DNA repair genes, which is linked to high levels of PSMA on the surface of cancer cells.
A comprehensive database of over 900 fatal police shootings reveals that White officers are not more likely to fatally shoot minority civilians. The study found that increasing racial diversity among police officers may not reduce disparities in fatalities.
A study found that fourth-year college students with good financial habits were more likely to see themselves as adults five years after graduating. Financial behaviors during this period continued to have a positive impact on emerging adults' adult identity formation, including lower symptoms of depression and higher relationship sati...
Physicists at NIST developed a method to control ion motion and display exact quantities of quantum-level motion, up to 100 packets of energy. The technique enabled the creation of superpositions, allowing for more precise measurements and characterizing frequency.
Rick Guidotti, founder of POSITIVE EXPOSURE, receives ASHG Advocacy Award for his innovative use of visual arts to celebrate human diversity. He has promoted genetics awareness, funding for biomedical research, and integrating genetics into health systems.
A study found that reducing nitrogen dioxide levels can lower childhood asthma incidence rates by up to 27.6%. The analysis estimated benefits of fine particulate matter reduction were smaller but still significant, suggesting stricter air quality standards could lead to public health gains.
A study led by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias reveals the early days of the Milky Way's formation, identifying two distinct stellar components that merged to create our galaxy. The research uses accurate stellar ages and Gaia space telescope data to uncover the birth of the Milky Way with unprecedented detail.
A new study shows that helicopter ambulance services can significantly reduce time to thrombectomy, a minimally invasive surgery to remove the blood clot causing the stroke. Patients transported by air were found to have an average of 42 minutes faster access to surgery when distances exceeded 30 miles.
Charles Rotimi and Sarah Tishkoff received the 2019 Curt Stern Award for their pioneering work on African genetics, genomics, and global health. Their research has significantly advanced our understanding of metabolic diseases, genetic diversity, and health disparities in African populations.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered a hyperactive cell signal contributing to tumor growth in aggressive blood cancer. They developed an experimental therapeutic compound, UNC3810A, that targeted and slowed tumor growth by blocking the hyperactive Tyro3 protein.
Adolescents who skip breakfast tend to have higher waist circumference and body mass index, indicating an increased risk of weight gain. The study suggests that skipping breakfast can contribute to unhealthy habits and behaviors, potentially making adolescents more vulnerable to obesity.
Researchers developed an algorithm that can identify a certain type of bacterial viruses called inoviruses, significantly expanding their known diversity. The tool was trained on a reference dataset and combed through over 70,000 microbial and metagenome datasets, ultimately identifying more than 10,000 inovirus-like sequences.
Researchers at Houston Methodist and MD Anderson Cancer Center have found a new immunotherapy to treat ovarian and pancreatic cancers by blocking the action of MFAP5 protein. This protein promotes tumor growth and reduces survival rates in patients with these cancers.
A new study using a cryo-electron microscope provides critical information for developing anti-nausea drugs that are effective against cancer patients' vomiting side effects. The high-resolution images reveal the attachment site of widely-used setron drugs on serotonin receptors, offering insights into how their design might be improved.
Research by UC Berkeley scientists shows that raising prawns in aquaculture systems can minimize tradeoffs between profit and disease reduction. Prawns feed on snails that transmit the parasite, reducing its burden to nearly zero after 10 years.
A new study found that social isolation in mice and rats causes higher stress and anxiety levels, leading to more severe seizures in epileptic rodents. This highlights the importance of housing conditions in experimental design and data analysis.
Researchers found that manganese can increase the rate of conversion from lead carbonate to lead dioxide by two orders of magnitude. This process can occur when chlorine disinfectants are used in water treatment, and varying concentrations of manganese among public water systems may explain differences in lead dioxide presence.
A preclinical study examines the role of plastic exposure on heart rhythm disruptions and arrhythmias. Exposure to mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), a metabolite from Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), slows atrioventricular conduction and increases the atrioventricular node effective refractory period.
A US study found that engaging disenfranchised men who have sex with men living with HIV in the US is possible, but achieving and maintaining viral suppression remains a challenge. Despite some progress, many participants still face personal, practical, and structural barriers to achieving success.
Researchers found that sensitive climate models were more likely to experience short periods of cooling and display larger variations in warming over a decade. The study suggests that climate sensitivity plays a crucial role in understanding global warming trends and the potential for hyperwarming scenarios.
A new study reveals the Ross Ice Shelf's stability is influenced by local weather processes, with sunlight and fresh water from melting ice shelves contributing to rapid melting. The findings refine predictions of sea level rise in the future.
Scientists at the University of Freiburg have developed a system to control the dynamics of energy-consuming DNA structures using an artificial chemical approach. The researchers successfully programmed these dynamic systems, enabling them to adapt to different situations and respond to stimuli faster.
Researchers used ultra-sensitive technology to characterize and identify neoantigens driving antitumor responses in a patient with metastatic melanoma. The study reveals new ways to guide the design of personalized adoptive T cell therapies, increasing the number of patients who will benefit from immunotherapy.
Research shows that high prices of healthy foods are a major factor in malnutrition worldwide, particularly in poorer countries where access to nutrient-dense foods is limited. The study finds that economic development tends to make healthy foods more affordable, but also makes unhealthy processed foods cheaper.
A new study published in Annals of Surgical Oncology suggests that delaying chemotherapy after breast cancer surgery can lead to poorer overall survival. The research found that patients who received postoperative chemotherapy within four months of diagnosis had better survival rates than those whose treatment was delayed.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center investigated a cancer patient's fatal encephalitis after immunotherapy treatment, revealing a rare viral infection trigger. The study found that a specific T cell population may play a major role in immune-related adverse events and anti-tumor responses.
Researchers at ORNL discovered a specific gene that facilitates the symbiotic relationship between plants and soil fungi, enabling crops to withstand harsh growing conditions, resist pathogens, and require less fertilizer. The breakthrough could lead to the development of bioenergy and food crops that can thrive on marginal lands.
Huda Zoghbi, MD, is recognized for her contributions to the field of human genetics, including discoveries of genes responsible for Rett syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, and other conditions. Her work has enriched the development of human genetics and its applications in science, medicine, and health.
Mathematical modelling and cost-effectiveness analyses project substantial reductions in new HIV cases with sustained community-wide testing and prompt treatment. The HPTN 071 study found a sustained intervention to be cost-effective, reducing costs per disability-adjusted life-year.
A new study from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation finds that only Guinea-Bissau, Rwanda, and São Tomé and Príncipe are on track to meet the WHO's exclusive breastfeeding goal by 2025. With optimal breastfeeding practices, over 800,000 child deaths could be averted annually.
Scientists have identified a previously unknown pathway connecting the hypothalamus and midbrain that drives defensive behaviors in mice. Further research on this pathway could increase understanding of anxiety disorders.
A study of dictators over 150 years shows they rarely promote strong economies and often weaken them. Autocratic leaders are found to have little influence in driving economic growth, but can significantly reduce it after taking power.
Researchers at UTSA have successfully removed new neurons that developed after a brain injury to reduce seizures in mice. The study found a 65% reduction in seizures, but the effect was not permanent and may be due to underlying factors such as chronic inflammation or reactive astrocytes.
This systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant association between adherence to plant-based eating habits and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts was linked to lower diabetes risk in adults.
Researchers developed a laser-based airborne lidar system that measures atmospheric gases with high accuracy and resolution, helping scientists better understand their impact on the climate. The new system can provide detailed gas profiles, overcoming limitations of existing methods and enabling more accurate climate predictions.
A study has identified a specific bacterial lipid that promotes immune dysfunction associated with allergic asthma in newborn infants. The researchers plan to develop screening protocols to identify newborns at high risk for asthma and allergy based on the presence of this microbial molecule.
A study published in Nature suggests that certain strains of gut microbes, particularly Akkermansia muciniphila, may slow the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in mice. The researchers found that supplementing ALS-prone mice with this strain significantly improved their survival and reduced disease symptoms.
Researchers discovered fossil clams in Sarasota County that contained dozens of tiny glass beads, likely originating from an ancient meteorite impact. The beads were found to be microtektites, particles formed by the explosive impact of extraterrestrial debris cooling and recrystallizing before falling back to Earth.
Researchers from UNM led a study in Belize to identify and establish an absolute chronology for the earliest stone tool types indigenous to Central America, revealing strong ties between lowland Neotrop regions at the onset of the Holocene. The findings support previous research on genetic relationships between early colonists in Centr...
Scientists at WashU Medicine have found a set of genes that help cells survive exposure to cytokines, which can trigger a deadly cytokine storm. Targeting these genes may lead to new treatments for sepsis, a life-threatening condition that claims 15% of patients despite prompt medical care.
Researchers at Penn State found that plants can induce 'leaky gut syndrome' in insects by disrupting their protective gut barriers. This can lead to septicemia or an immune response that weakens the insect, providing a new strategy for plant defenses.
Researchers found a common vulnerability among aneuploid cancer cells, which are bloated and overstuffed due to high intracellular protein concentrations. The team identified a molecular pathway involving proteins ART1 and Rsp5 that regulates nutrient uptake in these cells.
A team of researchers suggests adopting a holistic approach to understanding environmental risks, considering social history, power relations, and environmental ethics. This perspective challenges traditional views on complex environmental risks, highlighting the importance of taking a broader approach to navigate new risks.
The Luxembourg Parkinson's Study aims to understand the disease mechanism and develop better treatments through a unique approach. By including 800 patients and a control group, researchers will monitor their progress annually to find new biomarkers and test personalized therapies.
A clinical trial found that men who have sex with men and transgender women with unsuppressed HIV can be engaged in care when connected with HIV treatment services. Nearly half of study participants achieved viral suppression within a year, highlighting the effectiveness of connecting hard-to-reach populations with care.
A recent DNA analysis revealed surprising genetic diversity in a bacterium that targets commercial algae, posing a persistent threat to the biofuels industry. The discovery suggests that treatment for one algae pest might not work for another, complicating large-scale algae cultivation.
A machine learning algorithm identified altered pupil diameter fluctuations in mouse models of autism spectrum disorders, allowing early detection of developmental disorders. The algorithm distinguished Rett syndrome patients from controls based on heart rate fluctuations, suggesting a potential biomarker for early detection.
Researchers suggest a genetic mutation two to three million years ago led to a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease in all humans, while also setting up a further risk for red meat-eating humans. Human-like mice modified to lack the CMAH gene showed a significant increase in atherogenesis compared to control mice.
A new study found non-internal carotid artery occlusion, balloon-guided catheter use, and better collateral grade to be independent predictors of the first pass effect (FPE) in mechanical thrombectomy. FPE was achieved in 40% of patients, resulting in lower mortality rates at 90 days compared to non-FPE patients.
A study by North Carolina State University found that drivers tend to overlook low-salience targets when high-salience hazards are present in traffic images, with low-salience targets being up to 40% less likely to be detected in two-hazard scenes.