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Science News Archive 2020 - Page 182


Page 182 of 512

First in situ radiation measurements 21 km up into the air over Tibetan Plateau

Researchers developed a balloon-based system to study stratospheric radiation over the Tibetan Plateau, providing in situ measurements for the first time. The data helps understand radiation variations and thermal conditions associated with clouds and aerosols during the Asian summer monsoon period.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalEnvironmental Research Letters·DateAug 27, 2020

NASA sees Hurricane Laura's nighttime landfall

Hurricane Laura made landfall as a powerful Category 4 hurricane along the Louisiana coast, with sustained winds near 150 mph and a clear circular eye. NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite captured a nighttime image of the storm just after landfall.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateAug 27, 2020

Penis bones, echolocation calls, and genes reveal new kinds of bats

Researchers have discovered three new species of African vesper bats by comparing their genes, teeth, skulls, echolocation calls, and penis bones. The discovery has resolved taxonomic relationships between the large number of species in the family and describes two new genera.

SourceField Museum·JournalZoological Journal of the Linnean Society·DateAug 27, 2020
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Misconceptions about weather and seasonality impact COVID-19 response

Georgetown researchers caution that weather does not significantly impact COVID-19 transmission and that lockdowns and re-openings have a stronger influence. The authors suggest that policy should not be tailored to current understandings of the COVID-climate link.

SourceGeorgetown University Medical Center·JournalNature Communications·DateAug 27, 2020

NIAID establishes centers for research in emerging infectious diseases

The NIAID has established a global network of centers for research in emerging infectious diseases, which will investigate spillover potential and prepare for future outbreaks. The network aims to detect new causes of febrile illnesses, develop reagents and diagnostic assays, and study human immune responses.

SourceNIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases·DateAug 27, 2020
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

For healthcare organizations responding to COVID-19, 'creative destruction' leads to accelerated innovation

The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked accelerated innovation in healthcare, particularly through the implementation of digital health capabilities. Montefiore Health System's 'creative destruction' approach led to rapid development of AI-based chatbots, telehealth solutions, and real-time performance management.

SourceWolters Kluwer Health·JournalFrontiers of Health Services Management·DateAug 27, 2020

Genetics of the tree of life

African baobab trees can live over a thousand years, providing food, medicine, and resources. The recent study reveals the tree's chromosome count, offering insights into conservation and agricultural applications.

SourceUSDA Forest Service ‑ Southern Research Station·JournalScientific Reports·DateAug 27, 2020

Growing demand for zero-deforestation cacao might not help Colombian forests

Research finds that despite cocoa not driving deforestation in Colombia, small producers risk being cut out of supply chains if they don't comply with zero-deforestation requirements. Contextualized value-addition strategies are needed to support sustainable markets and peace.

SourceThe Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture·JournalApplied Geography·DateAug 27, 2020
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Newly discovered rare dinosaur embryos show sauropods had rhino-like horns

Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery of a perfectly preserved dinosaur embryo, revealing that sauropods had stereoscopic vision and a horn on the front of their face. The discovery has challenged previous theories about the appearance of these giant herbivores, which lived 80 million years ago.

SourceUniversity of Manchester·JournalCurrent Biology·DateAug 27, 2020

Evidence of hibernation-like state in Antarctic animal

Scientists discovered a hibernation-like state in 250-million-year-old Antarctic animal, Lystrosaurus. The fossils showed signs of stress and strain, similar to those found in modern animals experiencing torpor, suggesting a possible adaptation to cope with the extreme winter conditions.

SourceHarvard University, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology·JournalCommunications Biology·DateAug 27, 2020
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Antiviral used to treat cat coronavirus also works against SARS-CoV-2

Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered a protease inhibitor that effectively inhibits viral replication in cells with SARS-CoV-2. The drug has already shown little to no toxicity and is poised for human clinical trials.

SourceUniversity of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry·JournalNature Communications·DateAug 27, 2020

Study: COVID-19 messaging less effective when tied to Trump

A recent study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that COVID-19 prevention messages are less effective when attributed to President Donald Trump. Researchers found that even participants who trust Trump did not find his messages more effective compared to other sources.

SourceUniversity of Connecticut·JournalAmerican Journal of Preventive Medicine·DateAug 27, 2020

Binding sites for protein-making machinery

Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a method to determine how tightly ribosomes bind to hundreds of thousands of RNA sequences in a single experiment, using machine learning and deep sequencing technology. This approach enables precise control over protein production in bacteria, with potential applications in genetic diseases.

SourceETH Zurich·JournalNature Communications·DateAug 27, 2020
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

How cells solve mazes and traverse great distances through the body

Cells use self-generated chemotaxis to create attractant gradients, allowing them to read local and global information about their surroundings. This process enables cells to navigate vast distances through the human body during embryogenesis and other biological events.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateAug 27, 2020

Improving weather forecasts with observations from the microwave instruments onboard China's FY-3D satellite

The study evaluates the performance of FY-3D's instruments, showing improved data quality and reduced forecast errors by 0.1% on average. The assimilation of FY-3D microwave observations enhances global weather forecasting, climate prediction, and resilience to extreme weather events.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateAug 27, 2020

Older adults's faced mental health issues during the pandemic

A new study by Indiana University researchers found that older adults experienced increased depression and loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, having close social networks served as a protective factor against negative mental health outcomes for some.

SourceIndiana University·JournalThe Journals of Gerontology Series B·DateAug 27, 2020
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

QUT algorithm could quash Twitter abuse of women

A team of researchers from Queensland University of Technology has developed an algorithm that can identify misogynistic content on Twitter with a high degree of accuracy. The algorithm uses a deep learning model to analyze language patterns and context, allowing it to distinguish between abusive language and innocent expressions.

SourceQueensland University of Technology·JournalKnowledge and Information Systems·DateAug 27, 2020

A tailor-made molecule that ties nerve connections

Researchers developed a synthetic compound called CPTX that improved symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, and cerebellar ataxia in mice. The protein restored neural connections, increased excitatory transmission, and promoted memory formation.

SourceDZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases·JournalScience·DateAug 27, 2020

Discovered: Cellular pathway involved in resistance to Ebola virus and SARS-like coronaviruses

Researchers identified a new pathway that protects cells from Ebola virus and coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2, by blocking viral entry into the cell. The MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) gene induces resistance to Ebola virus through the activation of CD74 p41, which disrupts viral protein processing and prevents infection.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateAug 27, 2020
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Meteorite study suggests Earth may have been wet since it formed

Researchers found that enstatite chondrite meteorites contain sufficient hydrogen to deliver at least three times the amount of water in the Earth's oceans and probably much more. These rare meteorites, composed of material from the inner solar system, are believed to be the building blocks of the planet.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalScience·DateAug 27, 2020

Microbes working together multiply biomass conversion possibilities

Researchers have developed a novel approach for converting lignocellulose biomass into valuable chemicals by combining multiple microorganisms. This modular system, known as the lactate platform, enables the production of diverse chemicals, including butyric acid and lactic acid, with high efficiency.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalScience·DateAug 27, 2020

The Newtonian gravitational constant: Latest advances of the measurements

Scientists at Sun Yat-sen University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology review the history of G measurements, highlighting inconsistent results and proposing future experiments to reduce uncertainty. They also present their own latest values, achieving high accuracy and confidence levels.

SourceScience China Press·JournalNational Science Review·DateAug 27, 2020

Genomes published for major agricultural weeds

Researchers have published the most comprehensive genome information for three troublesome agricultural weeds, which could lead to better understanding of herbicide resistance. The genomes will help identify specific enzymes responsible for detoxifying herbicides, enabling scientists to develop new control methods.

SourceUniversity of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences·JournalGenome Biology and Evolution·DateAug 27, 2020

Char application restores soil carbon and productivity

Researchers found that char can rapidly restore soil carbon and sulfate concentrations, but did not affect physical properties or crop yields. The study suggests char as a potential strategy to enhance soil properties and crop yields in low-carbon soils.

SourceAmerican Society of Agronomy·JournalJournal of Environmental Quality·DateAug 27, 2020
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Artificial pancreas can prevent dangerously low blood sugar in people with T1D

A new artificial pancreas system has been shown to prevent hypoglycemia during and after heavy exercise in people with type 1 diabetes. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, found that the system performed well and was safe compared to standard therapy.

SourceThe Endocrine Society·JournalThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·DateAug 27, 2020

Topological superconducting phase protected by 1D local magnetic symmetries

Scientists have proposed a method to classify topological superconducting phases by examining the compatibility between different Majorana zero modes. They found new TSC phases characterized by Zh invariant in C4zT case and Zh Π Zc invariant in C6zT case, which can coexist with helical and chiral MZMs.

SourceScience China Press·JournalNational Science Review·DateAug 27, 2020

Hubble maps giant halo around Andromeda Galaxy

A team of scientists using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has mapped the immense envelope of gas surrounding the Andromeda galaxy, our nearest large galactic neighbor. The study reveals a layered structure with two main shells of gas, and sheds light on the fuel for future star formation and outflows from supernovae.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateAug 27, 2020

Breakthrough in using stem cells to treat enteric nervous system disorders

Researchers at University of Sheffield and UCL identified a key stage in forming the enteric nervous system using pluripotent stem cells. This breakthrough could pave the way for new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, which is initiated in the enteric nervous system before reaching the brain.

SourceUniversity of Sheffield·JournalStem Cell Reports·DateAug 27, 2020
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Are all vegetarian diets healthy?

Research suggests that not all vegetarian diets are created equal, with healthier choices linked to maintaining normal blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood sugar. Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil were found to be key contributors to better heart health.

SourceEuropean Society of Cardiology·DateAug 27, 2020

Study confirms link between influenza, heart complications

A CDC study of over 80,000 adult patients hospitalized with flu found that sudden, serious heart complications occurred in 12% of patients, or 1 in 8. The study underscores the importance of getting a flu shot early to prevent these complications. Researchers recommend that everyone 6 months and older get a flu vaccine every flu season.

SourceUniversity of Washington School of Medicine/UW Medicine·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateAug 27, 2020

Genetic testing for kidney diseases in embryos from in vitro fertilization

A 25-year analysis of PGT for kidney diseases in the Netherlands shows that 65% of couples with at least one successful cycle experienced live births without kidney disease. The study highlights the importance of counseling patients on their reproductive options to make informed choices.

SourceAmerican Society of Nephrology·JournalClinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology·DateAug 27, 2020

A new method for making a key component of plastics

Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a novel way for bacteria to produce ethylene gas, a crucial chemical in plastics manufacturing. This breakthrough could lead to new methods for producing plastics sustainably, replacing fossil fuels.

SourceOhio State University·JournalScience·DateAug 27, 2020

Two discoveries boost next-generation organoid development

Scientists from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and RIKEN report discovering signals that control the formation of human organs from fetal foregut. The study provides a roadmap for growing more complex and functional organoids using human stem cells.

SourceCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center·JournalNature Communications·DateAug 27, 2020
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Why 'one day at a time' works for recovering alcoholics

A Yale University study finds that the brain takes time to normalize after abstaining from alcohol, making 'one day at a time' an effective recovery strategy. The study also suggests potential medications to aid in long-term abstinence.

SourceYale University·JournalAmerican Journal of Psychiatry·DateAug 27, 2020

AI accurately identifies infants with low risk of serious bacterial infection

A study published in Pediatrics found that artificial intelligence models can accurately identify well-appearing infants with fever who are at low risk for a serious bacterial infection. This could lead to a significant reduction in unnecessary invasive procedures, antibiotics, and hospitalizations.

SourceAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago·JournalPEDIATRICS·DateAug 27, 2020
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Japanese sake: the new pick-me-up? Yeast strain makes fatigue-fighting ornithine

Japanese scientists have discovered a mutant strain of sake yeast that produces 10 times the amount of the amino acid ornithine compared to the parent strain. Ornithine has been found to reduce fatigue and improve sleep quality, making it a potential pick-me-up for fans of traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage.

SourceNara Institute of Science and Technology·JournalMetabolic Engineering·DateAug 27, 2020

NASA finds new Tropical Storm Iselle already battling wind shear

Tropical Storm Iselle formed on Aug 26 with enhanced infrared data showing strongest storms west of the center, indicating large amounts of rain. Wind shear will likely prevent strengthening over the next couple of days, and forecasts predict weakening late this weekend.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateAug 27, 2020
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

The northern quoll: An amazingly versatile survivor?

Researchers found similarities in northern quoll skulls across a 5000km range, raising hopes for conservation. The study suggests cross-breeding isolated populations may be feasible without losing adaptations.

SourceUniversity of Queensland·JournalEcology and Evolution·DateAug 27, 2020

A government program that reduces mortgage defaults

A national study found that housing finance agencies' supportive services and loan structure significantly reduced mortgage defaults and foreclosures among low- and moderate-income households. The results suggest government programs can help low-income households afford and keep their homes, with potential impacts on local economies.

SourceOhio State University·JournalJournal of Policy Analysis and Management·DateAug 27, 2020

Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 model provides new tool for COVID-19 discoveries

A new mouse model developed at UNC-Chapel Hill has captured many features of human COVID-19 disease, advancing the development of vaccines and therapeutics. The model has shown promise in protecting mice from infection with various treatments, including mRNA-1273 vaccine candidate.

SourceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill·JournalNature·DateAug 27, 2020
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Genetic link between cattle temperament and autism

Researchers at the University of Queensland have found a strong association between genes influencing cattle temperament and autism in humans. The study's findings could lead to improved animal welfare and meat quality by identifying genetic markers for better temperament.

SourceUniversity of Queensland·JournalGenetics Selection Evolution·DateAug 27, 2020

Vertebral body tethering shows clinical success as treatment for scoliosis

A retrospective study from the University of Missouri-Columbia found that vertebral body tethering (VBT) is a promising alternative to posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for treating scoliosis in pediatric patients with growth remaining. VBT yields a high success rate, preserving mobility and correcting curves in 74% of patients.

SourceUniversity of Missouri-Columbia·JournalJournal of Bone and Joint Surgery·DateAug 27, 2020