Researchers found that socks coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles significantly reduced bromodosis and pitted keratolysis, two common conditions causing smelly feet. The study demonstrated the antibacterial efficacy of ZnO-NPs, making it a promising compound for textile applications.
Research found that warmer lakes support higher biomass of algal and cyprinid fish communities, while clear-water lakes have decreased quality of primary producers. Despite changes in prey item quality, fish biomass increased in murky lakes due to a shift towards roach-dominated communities.
A University of Gothenburg study reveals that survivors of the 1988 Halabja poison-gas attack struggle with uncertainty about survival, forming couple relationships, and having children due to CWAs exposure
Researchers have identified a potential treatment for COVID-19 using the approved protease inhibitor aprotinin, which inhibits SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. The study found that aprotinin aerosols may be effective in preventing severe COVID-19 disease when applied early after diagnosis.
Researchers have developed a new treatment that induces an integrated immune response in tumors of patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancers, which are resistant to immunotherapy. The treatment, plerixafor, works by interrupting an immunosuppressive pathway, allowing critical immune cells to infiltrate the tumors.
George Mason University professors Niyati Dhokai, Jatin Ambegaonkar, Gay Hanna, Kyla Christensen-Szalanski, and Gwen Baraniecki-Zwil will create an interface to connect the military, arts organizations, healthcare services, and communities. The project aims to improve support for veterans through creative forces.
A new study has identified two types of bacteria that can provide protection against radiation exposure by increasing production of propionate and tryptophan. These metabolites were found in leukemia patients undergoing radiotherapy, suggesting a potential alternative to expensive and potentially harmful treatments.
Researchers have developed a new approach to generate T-cells faster, using polarized Th17 cells that can effectively eradicate tumors in just four days. This breakthrough has immediate clinical implications, offering a potentially long-lived and effective therapy for patients with advanced solid tumors.
A team of researchers used specially-adapted drones to collect gas samples from Manam volcano in Papua New Guinea, enabling local communities to better predict future eruptions. The project also improved scientists' understanding of the Earth's carbon cycle and its contribution to sustaining life on Earth.
Researchers from the University of Michigan found that the vast majority of field massive stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud are 'runaways,' or stars ejected from clusters. They discovered that these stars could have formed in isolation or were dynamically ejected due to unstable orbital configurations.
Researchers created an artificial skin equivalent that reproduces traction-force balance in the lateral direction, a property controlling skin structure and function. This human-skin equivalent enhances physiological skin function analysis, disease research, and reduces animal testing.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute have developed a synthetic DNA vaccine against Powassan virus, which causes a deadly tick-borne disease with neurological consequences. The vaccine elicits broad immune responses in mice and provides protection in a challenge animal model.
A green method for synthesizing dapsone has been developed by RUDN University, offering an eco-friendly alternative to traditional production methods. The new reaction uses hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent, producing only water as a by-product and allowing for high temperatures and catalyst reuse.
A new method allows researchers to extract lead from point-of-use filters, providing a clearer picture of lead levels in tap water. The process takes less than an hour and can be repeated multiple times to provide accurate data on household water use.
Researchers studied impact marks on asteroid Bennu to reconstruct its history, revealing it formed hundreds of millions of years ago but wandered into Earth's neighborhood recently. The study provides a new benchmark for understanding asteroids and offers insights into hazardous space debris.
Kevin Moran and collaborators study automated bug report quality and chatbot design for effective bug-reporting. The project aims to improve computer systems' reliability through better bug-reporting processes.
A follow-up study of infants found that those with asymptomatic subdural hemorrhages as newborns had normal neurodevelopmental scores and gray matter volumes at age two. The research suggests that small brain bleeds may not have a significant impact on cognitive development.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed new palladium catalysts for polymerization, enabling the efficient synthesis of isotactic polar polypropylene (iPPP) with high isotacticity. The discovery opens up new possibilities for creating specialty plastics with improved wettability or enhanced degradability.
New research shows that washing hands and washing Halloween candy with a simple at-home method can significantly reduce COVID-19 contamination risks. A study found that SARS-CoV-2 was detected on 60% of unwashed candies, but only 10% after handwashing.
A study projects that returning students likely started school this fall with significant academic losses due to extended school closures. The top third of students may have made gains in reading, but educators and policymakers must address the academic struggles of many students who fell behind academically.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that positive student-teacher relationships have a significant link to improved physical and mental health in adulthood. However, the researchers did not find the same correlation between peer relationships and adult health.
Researchers have discovered how octopuses can taste objects by touch using their suckers, which include discrete populations of sensory cells. The study found that distinct chemotactile receptors form ion channel complexes that detect specific signals and send them to the nervous system.
The study confirms the accuracy of ODPL measurements and reveals the possibility of measuring optical absorption in crystals using this method. Researchers found that the origin of the two-peak structure in ODPL spectra is due to the Urbach-Martienssen absorption tail observed in many semiconductor crystals.
Researchers at Penn State have developed graphene-based memory resistors that mimic the brain's neural networks and offer high precision neuromorphic computing. The new technology can control up to 16 possible memory states, compared to two in most existing memristors.
Children with multiple islet autoantibodies are more likely to progress to symptomatic type 1 diabetes than those who remain positive for a single autoantibody. Detailed information about the order, timing and type of autoantibodies appearing after the first autoantibody can significantly improve prediction of which children are most l...
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology developed a 'nanobiologic' immunotherapy that trains the innate immune system to eliminate tumorous cells. The approach has shown promising results in mouse melanoma models and non-human primates, offering a new anti-cancer therapy.
Researchers discovered that the gut's local immune system creates antibodies tailored to specific microbiota, challenging the long-held assumption of a non-specific approach. This finding has significant implications for understanding the relationship between the immune system and the composition of our microbiomes.
A novel approach to measuring antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 has been developed, revealing a discrepancy between reported virus-positive cases and actual antibody prevalence. The study found that over 47% of antibody-positive children were asymptomatic, with significant geographic differences in antibody frequency across Bavaria.
Scientists develop a new type of cancer immunotherapy that uses nanobiologics to train the innate immune system to eliminate tumor cells. The therapy targets the bone marrow and activates trained immunity, reprogramming bone marrow progenitor cells to produce immune cells that halt cancer growth.
A yearlong study is being conducted to find the percentage of frontline workers positive for COVID-19, the duration of immunity, and whether antibodies produced protect against reinfection. The study aims to identify the most potent antibodies and develop effective vaccines using monoclonal antibodies.
Newly sequenced ancient dog genomes show a long shared history with humans, with dogs diverging from wolves around 11,000 years ago. The study reveals multiple dog lineages worldwide by this time, and genetic links to human migration patterns.
A new study suggests that aspirin use is most beneficial for individuals with high coronary calcium scores and a low risk of bleeding. The research found that for patients with CAC scores above 100, aspirin's benefits outweigh its risks, but this effect only applies to those with inherent low bleeding risks.
A new Northwestern University-led study reveals that disdain for the opposing political party now outweighs affection for one's own party, describing a phenomenon called 'political sectarianism'. The researchers identify three key ingredients of this trend: seeing the other side as different, dislikeable, and immoral.
A new study shows that the genetic basis for Chinook salmon migration timing is determined by a single stretch of DNA, making seasonal runs the same fish. The researchers found that the different runs are part of a single diverse population within a drainage basin.
A recent study has identified genetic variants associated with reproductive success, which may provide insights into the biology of fertility and infertility. The research found that diverse biological mechanisms contribute to reproductive success, implicating both neuroendocrine and behavioral influences.
Combination therapy of verinurad and febuxostat significantly lowers urinary albumin excretion and uric acid levels in people with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. The treatment is generally well-tolerated, with minimal adverse events reported.
A study mapping toxins produced by tube-dwelling anemones identified 525 genes encoding proteins that act on the nervous system, cardiovascular system, and cell walls. Preliminary results showed a toxin effective against breast cancer cells, highlighting potential for novel medications.
A new election forecasting approach uses a mathematical modeling technique to describe how voters in different states may influence each other during an election year. The model forecasts a victory for Biden 89.03% of the time, with a margin of victory lower than the percentage of undecided voters.
Researchers found that sensor data from fitness trackers can identify COVID-19 cases with greater accuracy than symptoms alone. The DETECT study uses mobile app data to analyze changes in heart rate, sleep, and activity levels to detect viral illnesses.
A survey of 1038 healthcare professionals reveals that 69% believe patients' access to standard care treatment has been compromised during the pandemic. The study also found that 42% felt at risk of poor wellbeing and 34% showed signs of burnout, but most staff reported being able to work well despite challenges.
A new study from University of East Anglia found that people with dementia are at higher risk of going missing in areas with dense and disordered road networks. The research identified environmental risk factors that contribute to the issue, including complex intersections and disorganized layout.
A new tissue screening assay for human cerebral organoids identified 25 additional candidate genes for microcephaly, nearly doubling the number of currently known genes linked to the rare neurological condition. The CRISPR-LICHT technology revealed these genes associated with both known and previously unknown microcephaly-driving pathw...
Recent research highlights the significant effects of COVID-19 on people with obesity, including immune system impact and outcomes in critically ill patients. Top abstracts from ObesityWeek Interactive showcase the influence of pandemic lockdowns on lifestyle behaviors and eating habits.
The Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) will build a High Magnetic Field (HMF) beamline with a $32.6M NSF grant, enabling precision X-ray studies of materials in persistent magnetic fields. The partnership with National MagLab and UPR will create a powerful facility for scientific discovery.
A team of scientists, led by Matt Clement, used simulations to study the formation of Jupiter and Saturn. The findings suggest that these two planets were originally closer together than previously thought, with a ratio of two Jupiter orbits to one Saturnian orbit being more consistent with the current configuration.
A first-of-its-kind study found that the US wood pellet industry has a net positive effect on southeastern US forests, with overall carbon storage increased and standing-dead trees decreasing. However, the researchers caution that future expansion and increasing demand may pose concerns if not monitored closely.
The platypus fur exhibits biofluorescence under UV light, similar to other mammals like opossums and flying squirrels. Researchers discovered this phenomenon using museum specimens and propose it could aid these nocturnal animals in spotting each other.
A team of researchers tested the effectiveness of different fabrics at filtering ultrafine particles, comparable to coughing or heavy breathing. Most fabrics commonly used for non-clinical face masks were found to be effective, with N95 masks being highly effective.
Researchers developed two analytical models to evaluate retro-reflective materials' reflection directional characteristics, achieving more accurate results than traditional methods. The study aims to mitigate urban heat islands and reduce building energy consumption.
Researchers have developed a tunable copolymer electrode that can capture and destroy perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances present in water using electrochemical reactions. The process results in a high-energy efficiency and can remove PFAS contaminants from drinking water and natural bodies of water.
Engineers at Monash University developed a portable and cheap diagnostic that measures fibrinogen concentration in blood. This simple test can diagnose hypofibrinogenemia in critically bleeding patients anywhere in the world, reducing treatment time by up to five times.
Researchers developed a model that shows CAM-like metabolism can save more than 50% of water while maintaining 80% productivity in temperate climates. The study also identified an alternative CAM cycle involving mitochondrial enzyme ICDH, which can add up to 11% of total water savings.
A new analysis found that some COVID-19 patients experience persistent skin-related symptoms long after recovery. Researchers evaluated almost 1,000 cases and identified a previously unreported subset of patients with long-standing skin symptoms from COVID-19.
The Hayabusa2 mission's artificial impact crater on asteroid Ryugu revealed significant boulder movements and seismic shaking, up to 40m from the center. The study provides valuable insights into asteroids' resurfacing processes and can be used as a benchmark for numerical simulations.
A recent study at the University of Helsinki found that brainstem neurons play a crucial role in controlling both normal behaviour and misbehaviour in mice. The researchers discovered that faulty gene regulation can lead to behavioural abnormalities such as hyperactivity and attention deficit. The study provides new insights into the d...
Scientists at IST Austria identified a molecular compass that perceives auxin concentration and allows cells to synchronize their behavior for coordinated vein formation and regeneration. This phenomenon also applies to wound healing, enabling the growth of more mechanically resistant plants.
Researchers developed a new technique, CRISPR-LICHT, allowing for the analysis of hundreds of genes in human tissue using cerebral organoids. The method identified a specific mechanism controlling brain size and pinpointed microcephaly genes, shedding light on a genetic disorder.
A recent survey by Research!America found that 78% of Americans prioritize improving the nation's public health system, while 71% are willing to pay $1 more per week in taxes for an emergency fund. The survey also revealed strong bipartisan support for addressing health disparities and research into new treatments.
Researchers at Harvard University discovered a unique sensor system in octopus suction cups that allows them to detect and 'taste' molecules on objects, enabling the animals to identify prey. This novel chemotactile receptor system may also facilitate complex behaviors in octopuses and other cephalopods.
Researchers at Rice University have created a new method to convert plastic waste into high-quality graphene, offering a potential solution to the global plastic waste crisis. The flash graphene process eliminates much of the expense associated with recycling plastic, making it an economically viable alternative.