A Phase 2 clinical trial found that levetiracetam improved cognitive function in Alzheimer's patients with epileptic activity, particularly those under 65 when symptoms began. The study demonstrated a clear benefit from the medication for this subtype of Alzheimer's disease.
Mayo Clinic researchers propose a comprehensive approach to breast cancer prevention, including risk assessment, lifestyle modification, and preventive medications. The approach aims to reduce hormone-sensitive breast cancers with good prognosis and unfavorable triple-negative tumors.
A University of Illinois study found that parental income has a lasting impact on children's health, with lower socioeconomic status linked to increased risk of obesity and related conditions. Permanent income is associated with parents' general socioeconomic conditions, while transitory peaks during adolescence can promote better health.
A new study from Cornell University's ILR School found that people overestimate how quickly senders expect responses to non-urgent work emails, leading to increased stress. By clearly defining response expectations, senders can alleviate this 'email urgency bias' and create a more manageable inbox.
A study found substantial individual- and community-level disparities persisting in lead exposure among US children, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A recent US study found that major weight loss can reverse most cardiovascular risks associated with obesity. The study analyzed data from over 20,000 adults and found that the risk of high blood pressure and dyslipidemia was similar in those who lost weight and those who never had obesity.
Researchers at POSTECH developed a lithium-sulfur battery with high energy density, fast charging, and mechanical flexibility. The team synthesized sulfur-rich hierarchically ordered copolymers in under 30 minutes without surfactants or steric stabilizers.
Researchers explore human-forest interactions across space and time to understand the origins of the Anthropocene in tropical forests. The study reveals that traditional Indigenous land management has long-term significance in tropical regions, highlighting the need for fairer and more sustainable futures.
Scientists have developed a coacervate droplet that can replicate and evolve, providing a potential link between chemistry and biology. The research, published in Nature Communications, may help explain the emergence of the first living organisms on Earth.
Research in mice reveals that drug withdrawal alters brain activity patterns, causing increased functional connectivity and decreased modularity. This universal effect may be a common trait among different types of addictive drugs.
Mechanical thinning alone can moderate forest fire behavior, even in the absence of prescribed fires, according to OSU research. The study found that fuels built up after thinning declined dramatically, reducing the risk of severe wildfires.
Researchers found significant variations in guideline-recommended chronic kidney disease care delivery based on race and ethnicity. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address these disparities and improve health outcomes for diverse patient populations.
A high-throughput liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) performance test system was developed by KIST to downselect competitive LOHC candidates. The system allows for rapid testing of dehydrogenation in well-defined conditions, enabling comparative analyses to draw out optimal solutions.
An international study involving almost 10,000 patients with type 2 diabetes found that women are less likely to reach recommended treatment targets for cardiovascular prevention, such as statins and blood pressure medications. However, women were less likely to experience adverse cardiovascular outcomes apart from stroke.
A UK study analyzing laboratory testing data reveals widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with and being investigated for diabetes. The study estimates that 2.5 million diagnostic tests were missed or delayed during the 6-month lockdown, including 1.4 million monitoring tests in people with diabetes.
Two Stanford-led studies published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A suggest that removing human-caused methane emissions could significantly reduce global surface temperatures and improve air quality. The research models show that a 40% reduction in global methane emissions by 2050 could lead to temperature reductio...
A century-old Montessori method has received empirical validation, showing finger tracing reduces cognitive load and increases learning motivation. Tracing with imagination amplifies its positive effect, making it a simple yet effective technique for teaching math and science.
International research reveals that children will face a disproportionate increase in lifetime extreme event exposure due to climate change. The study, led by Prof. Wim Thiery of VUB, quantifies the impact of climate change on children born between 1960 and 2020, showing they will experience more heatwaves, droughts, crop failures, riv...
A new study found that alendronate, a widely used osteoporosis treatment, may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 34% compared to non-users. The study, published in Diabetologia, also suggests that longer treatment duration is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes.
A new study found that a healthy gut microbiome is essential for skeletal muscles to grow after exercise. Researchers used mice with antibiotics to disrupt the microbiome, showing reduced muscle growth compared to healthy mice. The findings support previous studies linking the gut microbiome to muscle health.
A study by Belgian researchers found that maintaining a diabetic foot care program during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in fewer late presentations and less severe ulcers. Despite lockdown restrictions, 23 of 24 clinics remained open for urgent care, applying measures such as remote consultations and physical distancing.
The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered unprecedented life expectancy losses across 29 countries, with a decline of over half a year observed in most nations. The largest declines were seen among males, particularly in the US, where a 2.2-year loss was reported.
A study of over 100,000 people with type 2 diabetes found that insulin resistance is associated with a greater risk of stroke. Those with lower insulin resistance were 40% less likely to have a stroke than those with higher insulin resistance.
Research suggests that people sensitive to stress hormones are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease, with markers indicating increased risk of stroke and heart attack. A novel proteomic signature may help identify these individuals and inform stress management strategies.
Climate change is linked to the decline of blue mussels in shallow waters along Sweden's west coast. Overfishing and invasive species are also contributing factors. The study found that warmer temperatures have led to an increase in freshwater input, making it harder for mussels to settle on natural substrates.
Cancer is driven by changes to DNA and epigenome, which evolve during the cancer life cycle. Advanced technologies are mapping genomic and epigenomic changes in three-dimensional tumour context, revealing new insights into cancer formation and progression.
Scientists at Stanford and UNC Chapel Hill developed a 3D-printed vaccine patch that provides greater protection than traditional vaccines. The patch applies the vaccine directly to the skin, triggering a potent immune response and potentially leading to dose sparing and higher vaccination rates.
Researchers found that ancient Siberian human populations interacted with outside dog populations at least 2,000 years ago, suggesting dogs were traded as goods. The study reveals that modern dog breeds like Samoyeds and Siberian Huskies maintain significant ancestry from a lineage established prior to 9,500 years ago.
The study proposes a novel 'hit-and-run-return' scenario, where pre-planetary bodies crash into each other, slow down, and then merge again. This led to the formation of Venus as having had a very different experience in its growth compared to Earth.
A new study shows an artificial intelligence tool improved radiologists' ability to correctly identify breast cancer in ultrasound exams, with a 37% increase in accuracy. The tool also reduced the number of tissue samples needed to confirm suspect tumors by 27%.
A legal analysis examines whether the First Amendment restricts the FDA's requirement of new tobacco warning labels. The study concludes that such labels do not infringe on the First Amendment rights to free speech, as they convey important public health information.
Researchers found that shrinking waveforms on electrocardiograms can help identify high-risk patients with COVID-19 or influenza, allowing for more aggressive monitoring and treatment. The study also showed that this technique may be particularly useful in overwhelmed systems where timely intervention is crucial.
A team of scientists has isolated exquisitely preserved cartilage cells from a 125-million-year-old dinosaur, revealing nuclei with remnants of organic molecules and chromatin. This discovery provides preliminary data suggesting that original dinosaur DNA may still be preserved, challenging traditional fossilization theories.
A study by Finnish researchers confirms that aerosols formed from plant emitted compounds make clouds more reflective, reducing solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. This natural mechanism can slow down climate warming, with effects becoming stronger as temperature increases.
Researchers have found a protein called CD47 on the surface of infected cells that may protect them from immune system recognition, resulting in more severe disease. High CD47 levels are associated with higher risk factors for severe COVID-19, including age and diabetes.
A recent study using genome-wide data from 82 ancient individuals in central and southern Italy has clarified the origins of the enigmatic Etruscans. The results show that despite their unique cultural expressions, the Etruscans were closely related to their Italic neighbors, with genetic transformations associated with historical events.
Researchers from Tokyo Tech and the European Space Agency introduce a novel one-dimensional switching matrix that achieves reduced layers and improved signal uniformity. The new solution enables low-cost, cost-effective implementation of multibeam antennas for next-generation wireless systems.
A new imaging technique using PET/MR and a PET tracer directed against CXCR4 shows high accuracy in detecting MALT lymphomas of the stomach, potentially reducing the need for repeated gastroscopies. The study found that [68Ga]Pentixafor PET/MR achieved 97% accuracy in detecting tumours compared to gastroscopy.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a time-domain single-pixel imaging technique that detects ultrafast light pulses with high accuracy and speed. The new method can capture 5 femtojoule pulses with temporal sampling sizes as low as 16 femtoseconds, outperforming existing methods.
A new study found that unusual visual inspection behavior in infants aged 9 months and older is predictive of a later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. This behavior, characterized as an over-focus on objects, was most prominent and present earliest in infants who developed ASD.
Women with recorded exposure to domestic abuse were found to be at a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 during the first two waves of the pandemic. The researchers recommend increasing vaccination rates in vulnerable groups and reconsidering COVID-19 vaccine prioritization.
Research by James Krause and his team has shown that people with spinal cord injuries who develop resilience tend to have better health outcomes and live longer. This resilience allows them to adapt and thrive in the face of difficult circumstances, including neuropathic pain and feelings of isolation.
Ancient DNA research has revealed multiple waves of introgression between archaic humans and modern humans, as well as genetic continuity with present-day populations. Genetic data support an origin of early modern humans in Africa, while Eurasian populations show several early human lineages.
A simulation model revealed associations between delayed implementation of graphic health warnings and increased estimates of smoking-attributable deaths. The study suggested that early implementation would have resulted in fewer smoking-related deaths, if implemented as planned in 2012.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital researchers found that higher-rated dialysis centers have a 47% higher likelihood of patients being listed for kidney transplantation. The integration of waitlisting rates into quality metrics aims to incentivize greater referral rates and improve facility quality.
A BfR study confirms that perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) does not accumulate excessively in human lung and kidney tissue. Only one sample contained a measurable PFBA value, supporting the conclusion that PFBA is unlikely to cause health problems.
A new study using machine learning uncovers 'genes of importance' in plants that help them grow more efficiently with less fertilizer, reducing economic and environmental costs. The approach also predicts additional traits in plants and disease outcomes in animals.
A new AI system developed by NYU and NYU Abu Dhabi researchers achieves radiologist-level accuracy in identifying breast cancer in ultrasound images. The system helps decrease false-positive findings and requested biopsies while maintaining sensitivity.
A new study found that 80% of bird species were reported in greater numbers in human-altered habitats during pandemic lockdowns. This increase was observed across multiple species, including Bald Eagles, Ruby-throated Hummingbirds, and Barn Swallows.
A research team led by NJIT's Tara Alvarez is enrolling 100 participants with persistent symptoms of convergence insufficiency (CI) post-concussion for clinical trials. The study aims to establish guidelines for diagnosing and treating CI, a disabling eye disorder causing blurred vision, headaches, and cognitive difficulties.
Researchers detected over 600 slow-moving landslides in western US states using satellite radar imagery. Most were in mountain ranges, near towns and roads, with some at risk of shifting due to earthquakes or rainfall. Landslides cause thousands of deaths worldwide each year.
A new study by Aston University found that social media users who view images of healthy foods with high 'likes' are more likely to make healthier food choices. Participants who viewed highly liked mock Instagram posts of fruit and vegetables ate a significantly higher proportion of grapes than cookies, increasing calorie consumption b...
Researchers found that microbes exhibit highly organized and symmetrical movement patterns in response to interface curvature. The strength of the flux depends on the curvature, enabling the prediction of microbial navigation behavior.
Researchers have identified a shortened version of the human growth hormone receptor gene, GHRd3, which may help people survive in situations where resources are scarce or unpredictable. The study found that this variant emerged around 1-2 million years ago and was more prevalent in ancient humans and Neanderthals.
A new study by The Ohio State University College of Nursing found that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated clinician burnout and mental health problems among nurses. The study suggests that effective interventions such as mindfulness, health coaching, and cognitive-behavioral therapy can improve mental/physical health and well-being.
New targeted therapies are being developed to target genetic alterations in cancer cells, such as the ARID1A mutation found in 10-50% of solid tumours. Early clinical trials suggest that these agents may be effective in treating multiple cancers, including breast, ovarian, and gastric cancer.
FORTHEM, a European University Alliance, has welcomed two new members: the University of Agder in Norway and Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu in Romania. This expansion aims to increase student mobility, create a virtual campus, and merge research programs across member universities.
A new study found that a subtilisin-like proteinase from Bacillus pumilus 3-19 exhibits proteolytic activity in Pichia pastoris, dependent on incubation time and signal peptide choice. The production of this enzyme makes the system promising for developing new feed additives for animal husbandry.
Researchers examined association between access to health insurance coverage and COVID-19 mortality among individuals aged 65 and older. The study found that Medicare eligibility was associated with lower excess deaths during the pandemic.
Researchers at the University of Würzburg have developed a way to force an array of vertical cavity lasers to act together as a single laser, overcoming previous power limit constraints. This breakthrough enables the creation of highly efficient and compact laser networks with numerous potential applications.