The study provides direct visualization of SEI shell evolution during Li deposition/stripping, revealing anode degradation mechanisms. The work reveals the importance of in-situ characterization for understanding SEI properties and improving battery performance.
Researchers discovered four species of 'serpent coral' with distinct ecological differences, including varying depths and physiological traits. This hidden diversity has implications for reef conservation, highlighting the need for a holistic approach to protect vulnerable ecosystems.
Researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have discovered a critical immune cell type called cDC1 that helps control cancer and infections. The study highlights the importance of DC-SCRIPT, a new regulatory protein, in producing effective dendritic cells.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities increased to 29.6 percent in March, while for those without disabilities it remained unchanged at 71.5 percent. Labor force participation rates for both groups also showed minimal change.
A study has identified 13 rare gene variants associated with Alzheimer's disease, which are linked to the functioning of synapses and neuroplasticity. These discoveries could help guide the development of new therapies for this devastating neurological condition.
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics developed a dual-bed catalyst that achieves highly efficient and selective conversion of syngas to gasoline-range liquid hydrocarbons. The catalyst showed excellent stability, with selectivities of C5-11 and C3-11 in the hydrocarbon products reaching 80.6% and 98.2%, respectively.
A novel mechanism has been identified that might explain why a rare mutation is associated with familial Alzheimer's disease. The presence of the S198P mutation resulted in elevated levels of A? peptides due to rapid folding of APP, leading to faster production and deposition of A? peptides.
Researchers identified specific neural circuits in the basal ganglia linked to motor and non-motor Parkinson's symptoms. The findings provide a novel framework for understanding disease progression and may lead to more precise therapeutic strategies.
Early life antibiotic exposure disrupts beneficial gut bacteria, leading to reduced regulatory T-cells and increased allergic responses. The study found that this disruption occurred as early as six months after birth, persisting into adulthood.
Researchers at the University of Bath used resonance in spiraling neutron stars to measure symmetry energy, a key property of nuclear matter. This discovery sheds light on the fundamental workings of nuclei and offers insights into the forces that bind sub-atomic particles.
Researchers assessed changes in article views of articles published in three leading medical journals since COVID-19 started, finding a significant decline in views. The study reveals that online engagement has been impacted by the pandemic, with many journals experiencing a drop in article views.
New research from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh examines how changes in internal states like engagement affect learning. The study found that fluctuations in neural activity are influenced by shifts in internal states, suggesting a key role for engagement in learning.
Scientists at Hokkaido University developed a novel probiotic formulation to control severe diarrhea in calves, reducing mortality and economic loss. The probiotic supplement was tested on newborn calves and found to be effective in preventing bovine diarrhea caused by BRV and cryptosporidiosis.
Scientists develop a statistical randomness-based framework to optimally classify extremely large datasets. By analyzing the variance of sample sizes, they can identify the total number of attributes needed, providing a promising solution for high-performance computing and machine learning.
The study proposes a coupling model of the five spheres of the earth system with the oxygen cycle as the core. Key findings include the link role of the oxygen cycle in shaping our current habitable Earth and its effects on modern and geological time scales.
The OSIRIS-REx spacecraft will perform a final flyover of asteroid Bennu, capturing high-resolution images and collecting data from the asteroid's surface and science instruments. The mission aims to understand the extent of the disturbance caused by the sample collection event.
Researchers reconstructed chemical weathering history in the western Himalaya using sediment records since 17 million years ago. In California, a study analyzed late Pleistocene rock uplift and faulting rates along the boundary between the southern Coast Ranges and western Transverse Ranges.
Researchers used local citizen photos and data to reconstruct the first documented meteotsunami in the Great Lakes, caused by an atmospheric inertia-gravity wave. Existing NOAA models may enable scientists to predict these meteotsunamis minutes to hours in advance.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison discovered a disrupted Akt protein pathway in men with bipolar disorder, leading to memory problems and weakened brain connections. The findings offer a new target for treating bipolar disorder's often-overlooked cognitive impairments.
The study shows that using a truncated form of the CD4 molecule as part of a gene therapy yields superior and longer-lasting results in mouse models than previous similar therapies. The new approach to CAR T gene therapy has the potential to create lifelong protection from HIV infection by producing memory cells.
A study found that cesarean-born infants have less diverse gut microbiota at birth but catch up with their peers by age 3-5. The intestinal microbiota forms an ecosystem that takes years to mature, and its development can vary significantly among children.
The April edition of SLAS Discovery features research on PROTACs, targeting protein degradation, and kinase family profiling. Authors apply the Four Pillars Framework to expedite PROTAC development and inform pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic understanding.
A new study found that patients who followed a diet with reduced calories and increased exercise had 70% fewer detectable cancer cells after one month of chemotherapy. This intervention showed promise in increasing survival rates for youth with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common childhood cancer.
A new study found that autistic adults are often misjudged due to stereotypical behaviors, leading to disadvantage in the legal system. The researchers argue that these behaviors can be misinterpreted by judges and juries, resulting in harsher sentences for autistic individuals.
Asteroid impact led to 45% plant extinction and paved the way for modern tropical rainforests. Plant diversity took over 10 million years to recover after the impact, with flowering plants dominating ecosystems.
Researchers have developed a novel method to improve photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells by modifying grain boundaries with 2D materials. The modifications lead to enhanced carrier mobility and stability, even under certain conditions where grain boundaries are favorable for device performance.
A new cellulose nanofiber coating offers enhanced water resistance for flexible electronic devices, allowing them to withstand hundreds of bending cycles and underwater exposure. The coating's unique properties make it an ideal solution for medical devices used in emergency disaster response situations.
The Mt. Sinai Health Care Foundation has awarded a $1 million challenge grant to the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine's Department of Pharmacology. The grant will support recruitment and retention of exceptional faculty, as well as bridge funding for promising early-stage research.
A study published in Science reveals that applied pesticide toxicity has increased substantially between 2004 and 2016, threatening plant and insect biodiversity. The findings apply to genetically modified (GM) crops, challenging the claim of decreasing environmental impact.
A recent study published in PLOS Genetics has identified six genetic variants that add up to determine the risk of several blood cancers in pre-disposed dog breeds. The study found that dogs carrying five or more of these mutations had a very high risk of developing blood cancer during their lifetime.
A new project aims to catalog genetic variations to improve diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The Atlas of Variant Effects will focus on quantifying the functional impact of single nucleotide variants, primarily in protein-coding genes.
A new study by Salk scientists identifies specific regions of the genome that neurons prioritize for DNA repair, revealing
Recent discoveries have revealed a complex picture of plant defense, with responses to PRR receptor signaling and NLR signaling extensively overlapping. The two immune branches are now considered to be more intimately connected than previously thought, leading to a re-thought model of separate ETI and PTI pathways.
A new study from USC reveals the importance of β-catenin in striking a balance between stem cell self-renewal and differentiation into kidney cells. High levels of β-catenin trigger a switch that directs progenitor cells to differentiate into specialized kidney cells.
A new study finds that stem cell transplants after CAR T-cell therapy reduce relapse rates in childhood cancer patients by less than 10% two years later. The research suggests long-term benefits for young patients who receive the treatment, with most experiencing complete remission.
African elephants could occupy a fraction of their potential range if protected from human pressure, with 62% of Africa suitable for their survival. The study found that elephants have great potential for recovery into areas where the human footprint is light.
A large-scale study has identified a new genetic link to male infertility, revealing that unstable Y chromosomes are associated with a significantly increased risk of fertility issues. The study analyzed over 2,300 Estonian men and found that the genetic variation was more common in European descent populations.
A study analyzing pollen data from 1990 to 2020 found that the pollen season has shifted substantially over the past 30 years, with some species starting as early as January. This increase in duration and intensity can lead to more severe health issues, including inflammation in the lungs and negative impacts on the cardiovascular system.
A highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 variant was unknowingly spreading in the US by October 2020, with evidence suggesting it had arrived in at least 15 countries by mid-November. Researchers estimate that travelers from the UK introduced the variant to these countries between Sept. 22 and Dec. 7, 2020.
Researchers at KAIST discovered that plasma jets produce more stable interactions with water surfaces compared to neutral gas jets, reducing bubbling and splashing. The study's findings will help improve our understanding of plasma-liquid interactions and their applications in various industrial fields.
A recent study found that African elephants' actual range has shrunk to just 17% of its potential due to human pressures, including ivory killing. Despite this, the researchers suggest that elephants can still recover into areas with light human footprint for peaceful coexistence.
Researchers have developed a robot that combines radio wave sensing with computer vision to locate and grasp occluded objects. RF-Grasp uses radio waves to sense objects even when they're fully blocked from view, enabling efficient fulfillment in warehouses or retrieving lost items.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a mechanical simulation of the whisker inside the follicle, discovering that bending creates an 'S'-shaped bend within the follicle. This deformation triggers sensor cells, sending touch signals to the brain, and can predict how whiskers activate different sensory cells.
Researchers developed PTVT-T, a low-cost polymer with high photovoltaic performance, revitalizing classical conjugated polymers for efficient OSCs. The study achieved a remarkable 16.2% efficiency and demonstrated the potential of PTVT-T to match with new emerging acceptor materials.
A new study by the USGS found that the risk of COVID-19 transmission to North American bats is low, with a risk of 1 in 1,000 if no protective measures are taken. The risk falls lower with proper use of personal protective equipment or if scientists test negative for COVID-19 before beginning research.
A recent study reveals that the end-Cretaceous asteroid impact drastically restructured tropical forests, leading to a decline in plant diversity and the emergence of angiosperms. The findings suggest that the impact's long-term effects on tropical ecosystems were variable, depending on proximity to the crater and local conditions.
The Ecological Society of America's virtual annual meeting will explore the theme 'Vital Connections in Ecology' from August 2-6, 2021. The event will feature live plenaries, panels, and pre-recorded presentations with accompanying discussion sessions.
A UCI-led team will screen 100,000 children across Orange County for the study, aiming to identify markers that predict resilience and deliver targeted interventions to those most at need. The goal is to ameliorate health disparities and improve access, care, and outcomes for families affected by adverse childhood experiences.
Scientists have found a way to create polarity and photovoltaic behavior in non-photovoltaic 2D materials by arranging them in a special way. The resulting effect is different from traditional solar cells and shows promise for future solar panel improvements.
A team of New Jersey researchers has shown that changes in perceptual certainty and response bias, two central metrics of signal detection theory (SDT), correlate with changes in cognitive fatigue. SDT measures change as a function of changes in brain activation.
Researchers at Brown University have successfully demonstrated the use of an intracortical wireless BCI system in clinical trial participants with tetraplegia. The system enables users to point, click and type on a tablet computer with high accuracy and fidelity, opening up new possibilities for people with paralysis.
A new study by researchers at WashU Medicine found that children hospitalized with RSV are likely to get sicker if they have high levels of defective viral genomes. These defective genomes can trigger a strong antiviral immune response, but timing matters in determining the course of illness.
A new pilot study suggests that restricting calories, reducing fat and sugar intake, and increasing physical activity can improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy for older children and adolescents with leukemia. The intervention showed promise in reducing minimal residual disease, a strong predictor of relapse.
Achuta Kadambi's article in Science explores how medical device physics can perpetuate bias across racial and gender lines. He suggests quantifying sample fairness and recalibrating performance metrics to address these issues.
A study by Cedars-Sinai researchers found that individuals with prior COVID-19 infections who received a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine developed an antibody response similar to those without prior infection. The findings suggest that a single booster dose may be sufficient for previously infected individuals.
Researchers have found that hyocholic acids, a component of bile acids, are a strong risk indicator of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that HCAs can regulate blood glucose levels and protect against diabetes, opening up opportunities for HCA-based predictive markers and anti-diabetic drugs.
Researchers develop innovative spin-to-charge conversion method to achieve high-fidelity readout of qubits, surpassing traditional resonance fluorescence method with an error rate of 4.6%. This breakthrough enables the realization of fault-tolerant quantum computing and improves detection efficiency for quantum sensors.
A new study in mice and people offers a promising entry point to developing new therapies for schizophrenia. Researchers found that hallucination-like events were more common among individuals who experienced spontaneous hallucinations, suggesting a link between brain circuits underlying both human and mouse minds.
A low-calorie diet and moderate exercise program have been shown to dramatically improve survival outcomes for young people with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After just one month of treatment, participants on the intervention had a 70% decrease in detectable cancer cells compared to those not on the regimen.
Researchers reconstruct the Mesozoic paleogeography of the NE Asian continental margin, revealing a transition from passive to active continental margin settings. Additionally, studies investigate low-δ18O A-type granites in SW China, suggesting interaction between the subducted Paleotethyan slab and the Emeishan mantle plume.