Research found cancer patients in low-income countries are up to four times more likely to die following surgery, with less post-operative care infrastructure and oncology services. Patients from upper middle-income countries were two times as likely to die compared to high-income countries.
Researchers found a high prevalence of cardiovascular conditions in male breast cancer patients, including overweight, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. The study highlights the need for cardiologists and cardio-oncologists to be involved in treatment due to common risk factors and potential cardiotoxic effects.
Researchers perform an experiment that adds or subtracts a single phonon to a high-frequency sound field using laser light interactions. The team's findings show that subtracting a single phonon increases the average number of quanta, defying intuition. This result opens a new path for quantum science and technology with sound waves.
Dogs were likely domesticated from Eurasian wolves around 23,000 years ago, and later accompanied humans to the Americas. Genetic analysis suggests all ancient dogs belonged to a single haplogroup lineage, A2b, which is no longer found in the continent.
A study of 2,356 people reveals that sensory absorption and a porous mental model explain divine experiences. The research, conducted across multiple cultures and religions, highlights the complex factors influencing spiritual encounters.
A comprehensive review of cephalopods in the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem has identified 138 species, including some recorded for the first time. The study expands on known distributions and sheds light on biodiversity, composition, and ecology of these marine animals.
Researchers developed a stem cell-based cell culture model for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), revealing key findings on gene expression, lipid droplet morphology, and metabolic networks. The model also showed promising results with AdipoRon, a synthetic analogue that positively influences hepatocyte metabolism.
The study provides a rigorous scientific validation of Opertech Bio's TāStation technology, enabling the quantification of human taste discrimination. The findings are consistent with receptor occupancy theory and demonstrate remarkable test-to-test repeatability.
A study published in Molecular Psychiatry has identified patterns of maternal autoantibodies associated with autism spectrum disorder, allowing for early diagnosis and potential behavioral intervention. Researchers found that these biomarkers can predict the likelihood and severity of autism with high accuracy.
Researchers found that diverse groups created models closer to expert-developed models than homogenous groups. This highlights the benefit of diversity in collective problem-solving for complex issues like fisheries management.
Researchers from Utrecht University and TU Wien develop a method to calculate optimal light waves for precise measurement of invisible objects in complicated environments. This technology has potential applications in microbiology, computer chip production, and nanometer-scale imaging.
Researchers have developed a unique combination of microscopy techniques to study the biological effects of nanoparticles and their interaction with human plasma. This approach allows for an unprecedented view of the nanoparticle's 'corona', also known as its biological 'crown', which contains clues about how nanoparticles interact wit...
Researchers at Nagoya University found that KNDy neurons, expressing kisspeptin, neurokinin-B, and dynorphin-A, are responsible for GnRH pulses, enabling ovarian function in mammals. Rescuing just 20% of these neurons is sufficient to restart GnRH and gonadotropin pulses and maintain fertility.
The new Parasaurolophus skull reveals the structure of its iconic tube-shaped nasal passage, showing that the crest functions primarily as a sound resonator and visual display used to communicate within species. The discovery provides long-awaited answers about the evolution of this bizarre feature.
Researchers found that women's involvement with dogs strengthened the human-dog bond, leading to increased personhood and utility. Hunting cultures also showed a stronger connection between humans and dogs.
Researchers found that street trees close to homes decrease depression rates, particularly among disadvantaged groups. The study analyzed data from almost 10,000 Leipzig inhabitants and found a strong association between tree proximity and reduced antidepressant prescriptions.
A survey of 47% of patients reported increased satisfaction with time efficiency, lack of transportation needs, and effective social distancing. Only a small minority (6.9%) stated they would not recommend telehealth services.
A qualitative study found that women veterans prioritize connection with others to recover from a suicide attempt, while men focus on trying to 'live right' and feeling needed. Both groups desire a stronger sense of purpose and structure in their lives.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales have created a novel ceramic-based ink that enables 3D printing of bone-like structures complete with living cells. This breakthrough technology allows for in-situ fabrication of bone tissue, which may revolutionize bone repair and regeneration techniques.
Researchers find that using metformin can restore a healthier balance between immune cell subtypes, inhibiting chronic inflammation and improving outcomes in traumatic brain injury patients. The study suggests a potential new therapy approach to reduce TBI damage and promote recovery.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen have created a novel approach for generating X-rays by utilizing a thin layer structure with varying electron densities. This 'sandwich structure' enables focused X-ray beams to be directed in a specific direction, overcoming the challenges of traditional X-ray tube methods.
Physicists Qimiao Si and Emilian Nica propose a new theory that explains how electrons form pairs in unconventional superconductors. Their work reveals a general phenomenon called multiorbital singlet pairing, which is crucial for understanding the behavior of iron-based and heavy-fermion materials.
The MOANA Project aims to create a dual-function wireless headset that can read and write brain activity, restoring lost sensory function. The team successfully demonstrated the technology using light and magnetic fields in a proof-of-principle research.
New gene editing strategies, including CRISPR technologies, are being investigated for treating inherited retinal diseases. Researchers aim to identify the most viable therapeutic approaches using human retinal tissue and organoids.
Researchers from RUDN University conducted a comprehensive study on how Russian speakers differentiate between similar consonants in the Greek language. They found that Russian speakers associate certain Greek sounds with specific Russian sounds, contradicting traditional linguistic borrowings.
Researchers used terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to evaluate beta-gallium oxide semiconductor material properties. The technique revealed significant findings on the fundamental properties of the material at THz frequencies, providing valuable information for future power device development.
Researchers found that 74 glaciers in deep valleys accounted for nearly half of Greenland's total ice loss between 1992 and 2017. Warming coastal waters accelerate undercutting, a process where warm water melts the ice from below, causing glaciers to break apart more quickly.
Researchers describe for the first time the full sequence of Biologist-induced replication (BIR) and found it stalls at roadblocks when transcription is introduced near the beginning. This discovery suggests that BIR's high risk-reward arrangement may contribute to genomic instability leading to cancer development.
A study found that older cancer patients residing in areas with high social vulnerability are less likely to achieve textbook outcomes following surgery. The research used the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) to analyze the impact of socioeconomic challenges on health outcomes.
A large-scale study found that air pollution is associated with an increased risk of progressive and irreversible sight loss due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Higher exposure to fine particulate matter was linked to a higher risk of AMD, while other pollutants were associated with changes in retinal structure.
A new University of Illinois study found that dairy calves fed with high-protein starter feed had less fat in their body weight gain and more protein devoted to the development of the gastrointestinal system. Producers can improve calf health and productivity by feeding higher-protein starters.
A recent study found that people from racial minorities are more likely to become severely unwell or die from COVID-19 compared to those of white ethnicity. The research aims to investigate the causes of this disparity through interviews and questionnaires with East London residents.
Researchers at Korea Maritime and Ocean University developed a new anode material for sodium-ion batteries by doping carbon with different atoms, improving electrochemical performance and reversible capacity. The findings have significant implications for the engineering of sustainable, inexpensive, high-performance batteries.
Scientists at Max Born Institute create new method for generating narrowband XUV laser pulses by employing four-wave mixing scheme. This enables applications in electron spectroscopy, resonant transitions, and coherent diffractive imaging.
Researchers at UT Austin will develop methods to validate the cost and scalability of autonomous cargo operations, leveraging machine learning and computational engineering. The team aims to address public concerns about noise pollution, safety, and emissions through mathematical models and terrain-based surface design.
This special issue of Inter Faculty journal examines how the pandemic has reshaped society, highlighting key findings on resilience, solidarity, and care. Researchers from diverse fields discuss how the Anthropocene era is transforming human relations and society's relationship with nature.
Researchers have discovered fossils of tiny tyrannosaur embryos that provide insight into the early stages of these colossal animals. The discovery sheds light on the size and appearance of baby tyrannosaurs, which could grow up to 40 feet in length and weigh eight tonnes.
A new study reveals that older minority cancer patients with poor social determinants experience negative surgical outcomes, including higher complication rates and mortality. Researchers suggest integrating vulnerability assessments into national standard of care models to improve outcomes.
A recent study by University College London researchers found that people living in areas with high levels of air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter, are at increased risk of developing AMD. The study suggests that improving air quality could be a key public health priority to reduce the risk of eye disease.
A survey of 858 US dog owners reveals that lack of trust and cost are primary barriers to seeking veterinary care, affecting all demographics equally. Despite demographic differences in relationship with dogs and previous experiences, education is key to overcoming these barriers.
A single invasive species, quagga mussel, regulates phosphorus cycling in four Great Lakes by ingesting particulate phosphorus and redistributing it through physiological processes. This shift alters the ecosystem's sensitivity to external nutrient load management.
ADG2 demonstrates comparable or higher neutralization potency against SARS-CoV-2 than leading antibodies in development for COVID-19. It binds effectively to all commonly circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants and shows broad neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV and related coronaviruses.
A machine-learning competition to predict earthquake simulations attracted over 4,500 teams, yielding insights into fault processes. The winning teams employed novel computational approaches, suggesting the value of engaging the machine-learning community in predicting significant scientific problems.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that smoking is an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes. The results suggest that cumulative exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk of hospital admission and death from COVID-19.
The Roman mission will use microlensing to detect exoplanets in the Milky Way galaxy, uncovering thousands of worlds similar to those in our solar system. The survey will also reveal extreme planets and planet-like bodies, including hot Jupiters and brown dwarfs, thanks to their gravitational tug on stars.
A new study suggests that the first people to settle in the Americas were accompanied by their dogs, implying a earlier dog domestication in Siberia. This discovery sheds light on the origins of dogs and their relationship with humans.
Researchers developed an illumination-reaction decoupled n-Si MIS photocathode that surmounts challenges impeding p-Si MIS photocathode development. The new design utilizes majority carriers to drive the surface reduction reaction, avoiding light-shielding problems and enabling higher efficiency.
A study by University of Liège researchers links increased tau protein levels in the brainstem to higher cortical excitability, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that measuring cortical hyperexcitability could help identify people at risk before cognitive symptoms appear.
Scientists have discovered a way to block doxorubicin from accessing the heart by introducing another anti-cancer drug, nilotinib, before chemo. This intervention may prevent cardiac injury caused by doxorubicin, used to treat various solid tumors and blood cancers.
Researchers have identified a new protein that regulates fluidity in moss cell membranes, allowing them to withstand cold temperatures. This discovery shows convergence in plant evolution, with mosses and flowering plants using similar mechanisms to protect themselves from cold and pathogens.
A recent study suggests that fact-checks appearing after readers have finished reading headlines are more effective at debunking misinformation. This timing allows for a stronger impact on the reader's perception and memory of the false information.
A study by National Korea Maritime and Ocean University simulates the impact of automated ships on maritime employment over the next 15 years. The research predicts a decrease in seafarer jobs, but an increase in new shore-based positions, resulting from the growth of MASS technology.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have developed a new sensor design that allows stretchable electronics to collect and process faint signals from the body. The design, which incorporates a patterned material that optimizes strain distribution, enables transistors to maintain nearly the same electrical performance when stretched...
The American College of Physicians and Annals of Internal Medicine hosted a third virtual COVID-19 vaccine forum, discussing the allocation and distribution of available vaccines. Researchers also published an observational study finding that early therapeutic anticoagulation in critically ill patients with COVID-19 did not affect surv...
Researchers found that commercial flights between New York and London last winter could have used up to 16% less fuel by harnessing favorable winds. The study, published in Environmental Research Letters, analyzed 35,000 flights and suggests that simple tweaks to flight paths can offer benefits immediately.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that advanced practice providers (APPs) and emergency physicians deliver similar care to ED patients presenting with chest and abdominal pain. The authors recommend further research on the optimal use of APPs in the emergency department.
A Princeton University team has discovered a new polybutadiene molecule that can be depolymerized under certain conditions, enabling the creation of chemically recyclable plastics. The material, named (1,n'-divinyl)oligocyclobutane, exhibits intriguing properties such as telechelic functionality, thermal stability, and high crystallinity.
Research suggests that regular afternoon napping may be associated with better mental agility, including improved locational awareness, verbal fluency, and working memory. The study found significant differences in cognitive performance scores among nap-takers compared to non-nappers.
Pumas in California experienced significant energetic costs when navigating physically difficult terrain or high-risk human disturbance areas, resulting in reduced space use. This study found that male pumas were particularly affected, with a 68% decrease in daily distance traveled and total area traversed over two months.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology developed a low-cost method for intracellular delivery using titanium-oxide nanotubes and nanosecond pulse lasers. The study successfully delivered propidium iodide and fluorescent dextran into HeLa cells with high efficiency and cell viability.