Researchers found that giraffes on either side of the rift have not interbred for over 1,000 years, with females showing no signs of migration. The study suggests that Masai giraffes are more endangered than previously thought, requiring separate but coordinated conservation efforts.
Four Mason researchers, Bo Han, Parth Pathak, Lap-Fai (Craig) Yu, and Songqing Chen, received $1.5 million in NSF funding to develop a collaborative mobile immersive computing research infrastructure for multi-user XR. The project aims to empower innovative solutions in this field.
A study has identified a potential treatment target for prostate cancer that is resistant to hormone therapy, a protein modification involving TRAF4. The researchers found that TRAF4 promotes the spread of cancer and may be associated with a new treatment option for patients.
A phase 3 trial found that the VLA1553 vaccine candidate produced an immune response in 99% of participants, inducing protection against disease. The study also showed that the vaccine was generally safe and well-tolerated across all age groups, with most adverse events being mild or moderate.
A new study by CABI confirms the Samurai wasp has minimal impact on native stink bugs, with most non-target species being less parasitized. However, some species with unusual life cycles may face increased risk of parasitism. The study assessed the realized host range of the Samurai wasp and found it to be broader than initially thought.
A new study at Boston University School of Medicine found that specific subpopulations of hypothalamic neurons play a major role in regulating thyroid hormone levels. The researchers also discovered that these neurons respond to fasting and weight loss, shedding light on the central control of metabolism.
A study found that even insured patients with diabetes use crowdfunding platforms like GoFundMe to cover excess medical expenses, including uncovered co-pays and life-saving care. Researchers urge policymakers to consider these needs when developing affordable diabetes care policies.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new method called single-particle profiling (SPP) to study bioparticles in health and disease. The SPP enables the measurement of thousands of particles between 5 and 200 nanometres in size, with potential applications in vaccine development and creating more effective nanocarriers.
Scientists have developed a novel photonics system that can measure low-energy dynamics of complex physical phenomena with high time resolution. This breakthrough approach combines terahertz spectroscopy and real-time monitoring to facilitate discoveries in materials science.
Researchers developed MOVA to evaluate the pathogenicity of missense variants based on their structural position. The new method showed superior performance in predicting pathogenicity, especially for hotspot mutations in ALS-causing genes like TARDBP and FUS.
Researchers from UT Austin created a new composite material that efficiently converts low energy light to higher energy, with applications in bioimaging, solar panels, and night vision goggles. The breakthrough could reduce the size of solar panels by 30% and enable systems for autonomous vehicles and fog detection.
A new study published in JNCCN found that taking alectinib, a medication for advanced lung cancer, with a full breakfast or lunch resulted in higher drug concentrations than with a low-fat breakfast. This could impact treatment efficacy and survival rates for patients.
A retrospective analysis of national data found that over 20 million Americans experienced loss of smell or taste after COVID infection, with a large portion never fully recovering these senses. The study estimated that almost 28 million Americans may be left with decreased sense of smell after COVID infection.
A new study at Columbia Mailman School of Public Health found that neighborhoods with high densities of unhealthy retail food establishments were associated with a higher risk of delivering babies born large-for-gestational age, while those with healthy food options reduced this risk. The study analyzed data from over 106,000 births in...
The Jefferson Lab Virtual Series offers a fun and engaging way to learn scientific concepts, with over 40 videos available on YouTube. Each video explores a different topic, providing viewers with the ability to passively learn about science in an interactive and reproducible way.
A Dartmouth-led project has updated the Know Your Chances website to include smoking status as a major risk factor for mortality estimates. The new estimates provide more accurate predictions of cancer and disease risk, with smokers facing significantly higher risks after age 40.
A new UK survey study led by Lancaster University found that 6.6% of the population aged 16 and over changed their reported sexual identity over a six-year period. The research challenges the assumption that sexual identity mobility declines with age, revealing that it is as prevalent among over-65s as young people.
A team of scientists investigated how genetic variation is maintained in a species and its impact on adaptation. They found that a complex evolutionary process contributes to the persistence of both old and new forms of a chromosomal inversion in stick insects, potentially fostering long-term survival.
Researchers found that Perlecan deficiency causes axonal segments to break apart during development, leading to synaptic connection loss. The protein's critical role depends on its secretion from multiple cell types, not just neurons.
A team of researchers from China and the UK has developed new ways to optimise the production of solar fuels by creating novel photocatalysts. These photocatalysts, such as titanium dioxide with boron nitride, can absorb more wavelengths of light and produce more hydrogen compared to traditional methods.
A new study found that a vaccine against the deadly chytrid fungus in frogs can shift the composition of the microbiome, making frogs more resilient to future exposure. The researchers applied a non-lethal dosage of a metabolic product created by the chytrid fungus to tadpoles and observed a protective shift in the microbiome.
Researchers investigated the tradeoff between reducing CO2 emissions and increasing renewable energy supply in office buildings. They found that access to the power grid can mitigate the impact of weather variability, but extreme weather events increase battery storage costs.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi identified microRNAs associated with a weakened immune response and ICU admission. The study provides new insights into how patient genetic makeup affects disease severity and offers potential biomarkers for disease monitoring.
Researchers have developed a polygenic risk score for colorectal cancer, which can estimate an individual's likely disease risk and identify those who may benefit from earlier screening. The score can also help determine more appropriate ages to start screening based on genetic risk.
Researchers have developed an early detection algorithm to predict patients with Xeroderma pigmentosum who may develop neurodegeneration. The study used pluripotent stem cells and multi-omic technologies to identify possible drug targets, potentially slowing or halting the onset of neurodegeneration.
A team of researchers has identified a new 2D material that can accelerate the chemical reduction of carbon dioxide. The discovery could be an important step forward towards using electrocatalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction applications, producing valuable chemicals without by-products.
A decision analytical model study found that sustained public health interventions can reduce opioid-related overdose deaths. Implementing medications for opioid use disorder and increasing naloxone supply were key factors in reducing death rates.
A new metric, space syntax walkability index, is proposed to address limitations in linking cardio-metabolic risk factors to the built environment. The study found that walkability in urban areas is linked to cardio-metabolic risk factors, including blood pressure and obesity.
A new study has determined the atomic-level structure of a zinc-transporter protein, showing how it regulates zinc levels inside cells through a built-in sensor. The protein acts as a dimer, using feedback to control its activity based on zinc levels.
Researchers found that boron species plays a key role in enhancing catalytic activity and selectivity in the selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde over cobalt boride catalysts. The study uncovers a synergistic effect between boron species and water, leading to improved stability and selectivity of the catalysts.
This review examines current evidence for frontline therapeutics in managing COVID-19, highlighting promising antiviral agents and adjunctive therapies. Updates on COVID-19 immunotherapy and vaccine development are also provided, offering insights into the evolving treatment landscape.
A study analyzing de-identified data from almost 11,000 total visits by Penn Medicine employees found that telemedicine visits were 23 percent less expensive than in-person visits for the same conditions. The per-visit costs of the telemedicine program averaged $380 while in-person encounters cost $493 to conduct.
The LHAASO collaboration has measured the complete high-energy light curve of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) for the first time, including its entire phase from rise to decay. This observation provides a perfect dataset for testing theoretical models and could remain one of the best results for decades or centuries.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) developed a technology for high-performance organic polymer semiconductors that exhibit both stretchability and electrical functionality. The molecular brake prevents slipping under stretching conditions, preserving up to 96% of electrical performance.
Researchers found that introducing magnetic defects into topological insulators leads to competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions, which control the material's magnetic order. This discovery could have significant implications for reducing energy footprints in computing and electricity transmission.
A new material with enormous magnetoresistance has been discovered, enabling the development of more efficient non-volatile magnetoresistive memory (MRAM) devices. The material, a cobalt-manganese alloy with metastable body-centered cubic crystal structure, exhibits high magnetoresistance ratios at room temperature and near-zero kelvin.
A large-scale randomized clinical trial found that metformin prevents the development of long COVID. Over 1,100 participants reported on their symptoms for up to 10 months after initial COVID-19 diagnosis. The study suggests metformin could have significant public health implications as a preventive measure.
Researchers at the University of the Witwatersrand have outlined a new optical communication protocol that exploits spatial patterns of light for multi-dimensional encoding without recognizing them. This approach results in over 50 vectorial patterns of light being sent virtually noise-free across a turbulent atmosphere.
Researchers have developed a quantum model that can simulate non-Markovian stochastic processes using only one quantum bit, achieving higher accuracy than optimal classical models. This breakthrough demonstrates the potential of quantum technology for complex systems modeling.
A review article by senior investigators at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that long COVID and chronic fatigue syndrome share similar symptoms, including brain, immune system, heart, lung, gut, and energy metabolism abnormalities. The study aims to identify areas requiring further research for improved diagnostic tests and treatments.
Scientists have developed a technique for applying liquid metal to surfaces that don't easily bond with it, using force-responsive adhesion. The method allows for the creation of electronic 'smart devices' from everyday materials like paper and plastic.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital identified distinct brain network connections for visual and motor anosognosia, as well as a shared network for awareness of deficits. The study found that the hippocampus and precuneus play a key role in memory-based recognition of neurological deficits.
Prof. LIANG Haojun's team proposed a new method to escape from metastability in self-assembly using DNA-functionalized nanoparticles. By introducing a 'catassembler' molecule, they corrected imperfect linkages and assisted the system to escape from metastability while preserving the assembled framework. This strategy has potential appl...
Scientists from NOMAD Laboratory have elucidated fundamental microscopic mechanisms for tailoring materials for heat insulation. They found that temporary formation of defect structures can trigger lower thermal conductivities in strongly heat insulators.
The African-led PrEPVacc trial has completed participant enrolment at all four sites in East and Southern Africa. The trial is testing two different ways to prevent HIV, including HIV vaccine regimens and a new form of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Researchers have designed a helmet with liquid shock absorbers that could significantly reduce the impact of blows to the head, potentially cutting injuries. The helmet performed better than existing models, producing the lowest 'Helmet Performance Score' in key areas, including the side upper portion of the helmet.
A research team used a new seismic inversion algorithm to study lithospheric delamination and its controls on the Mesozoic Magmatic Province in South China. High-velocity anomalies were found at depths of less than 90 kilometers, suggesting lithosphere blocks began to delaminate at 180-170Ma.
Researchers used machine learning to build predictive models for nine common diseases based on genetic information and blood biomarkers. Blood biomarkers provided better prediction in nearly all cases, especially for near-term risk, suggesting direct links between some measures and the pre-symptomatic phase of disease.
Researchers found that people with secure national identity are more supportive of pro-environmental solutions, while narcissists show lower support. The study also suggests that addressing psychological needs can mobilize political support for climate policies.
Researchers found 7 aerophones made from bird bones at the Eynan-Mallaha site, dating back to circa 12,000 years ago. The flutes imitate raptor calls, similar to those of kestrel and sparrowhawk birds hunted by Natufian people.
An international team of scientists has successfully measured the electron spin in matter for the first time using kagome materials. The results could revolutionize the study of quantum materials, with potential applications in renewable energy, biomedicine, electronics, and quantum computing.
Researchers have developed a new AI model that can quickly screen large libraries of potential drug compounds against target proteins. The ConPLex model uses language analysis to match potential drugs with proteins without needing to calculate molecular structures, enabling fast screening of over 100 million compounds per day.
Researchers from Universitat de Barcelona and Universitat Internacional de Catalunya discuss the non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase Src as a good example of an oncogene. Targeting the Src N-terminal regulatory element (SNRE) has potential as oncotargets to inhibit Src activity only in cancer cells.
Scientists have identified a genetic locus associated with voice pitch, found in the ABCC9 gene, which influences voice characteristics in both men and women. The study also reveals links between voice pitch and cardiovascular health, highlighting the complex relationship between vocal traits and human biology.
Researchers have summarized advances in eco-friendly gas insulating medium for next-generation SF6-free equipment, highlighting various categories and molecular design methods. The latest applications of eco-friendly gases in medium-voltage and high-voltage scenarios are also discussed.
A research team from USTC found that the pre-emergence magnetic rope structure undergoes a complex series of stripping, disintegration and reconstruction during the outburst. This study reveals the details of the process of three-dimensional magnetic reconnection and its role in forming coronal mass ejections.
A recent study found that pre-teen girls who drank 100% fruit juice had long-term positive dietary benefits and met Dietary Guideline recommendations for whole fruit. The study also showed racial differences in fruit consumption, with black girls consuming more 100% juice throughout adolescence.
Research in mice suggests that prostate cancer cells adapt to testosterone-deprivation therapy by producing cholesterol and generating their own testosterone. Treating aggressive tumors with inhibitors slows tumor growth. The study also points to a possible drug combination and sheds light on racial disparities in prostate cancer.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University and Penn State University have discovered novel ferroelectric materials that can switch at the atomic level, enabling more efficient microelectronics. The findings hold promise for applications such as non-volatile memory, electro-optics, and energy harvesting.
A survey study found that patients with health insurance, a primary care provider, and ongoing health needs are more likely to use online patient portals. Portal users tend to have higher levels of education and live in urban areas, while non-users cite lack of awareness and technical issues as reasons for not using the platforms.