VCU is establishing a pioneering Cancer Control Equity Research Center to enhance cancer prevention services for low-income families in the Greater Richmond region and Hampton Roads. The center will develop evidence-based methods to reduce cancer rates among vulnerable populations.
A new MSU study reveals staggering declines in identifying students with disabilities during the 2019-21 school years, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities. In-person learning is essential for accurate identification and support, according to researchers.
Researchers discovered a novel combination of plasma-based biomarkers that can predict liver fibrosis in Latino adolescents with obesity. The study found that dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and alanine transaminase (ALT) were significantly associated with fibrosis, suggesting a potential low-cost, noninvasive screening tool.
New research predicts that wildlife species in the continental US will experience year-long droughts nearly five times as often in the coming decades. Three-year droughts may become nearly seven times more frequent, with implications for conservation strategies and wildlife management.
Researchers analyzed individual cells from two craniopharyngioma subtypes to identify specific cell types, their features, and interactions. The study found distinct cell types linked to tumor development and immune response in both adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngiomas.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science found that kaempferol increases RALDH2 levels in dendritic cells, promoting regulatory T-cell development and reducing inflammation. The study suggests that flavonoids like kaempferol may serve as natural remedies to alleviate allergic symptoms.
A new study warns that human civilization is poised for a significant transformation as industrial civilization declines, giving rise to a postmaterialist, clean energy-based system. Rising authoritarianism poses a threat to this transition.
Researchers in China studied wind disasters from 2021 to 2024 and developed rating standards for structural damage. Closing interior doors during strong winds reduces indoor wind speeds and enhances safety, according to the study.
Large-scale wildfires in radiologically contaminated areas enhance the mobility of radionuclides like · 137 Cs and ¹ 90 Sr in rivers. This increases radiation exposure for residents, particularly after a fire in the Chornobyl exclusion zone in Ukraine.
A new study finds that parents' perceptions shape twin dynamics, with typically developing twins taking the dominant role over their nontypically developing siblings. The research suggests that genetic similarity and asymmetry in abilities between twins drive dominance imbalances.
Researchers developed a near-infrared light-responsive implant surface that accelerates bone-to-implant integration by reducing acute inflammation and promoting mesenchymal stem cell recruitment. Bone-to-implant integration was accelerated from 28 days to just 14 days, doubling the speed in animal experiments.
Researchers discovered that spatial orientation, facilitated by flexible linker groups, enhances biological properties in ligand-receptor interactions. Optimal ligand density and linker chain length also influence these interactions, leading to improved gene transfection efficiency.
Researchers at UniSA found that certain sedentary behaviors, like reading, are beneficial for cognitive function, while others, such as watching TV, have a negative effect. The study suggests a nuanced approach to thinking about the link between sedentary behaviors and cognitive function.
Researchers have discovered unique features of Salmonella dry surface biofilms, including a dense capsule and 'sandwich-like' structure, which contribute to their antimicrobial resistance. The study also identified potential safety concerns and developed an effective water-free antibiofilm strategy for the food industry.
A team of researchers at TIFR Hyderabad has devised a strategy to enhance control over the separation of chemical isomers using a nanoporous metal-organic framework. This approach enables fine-tuning of molecular interactions and diffusion processes, allowing for more efficient and sustainable separation methods.
Archaeologists have found evidence of mass violence and cannibalism at the Early Bronze Age site of Charterhouse Warren in England. The discovery of over 3,000 human bones suggests that the people were massacred, butchered, and partly consumed by enemies to dehumanize them.
Researchers found lipoproteins in saliva carry RNA, potentially contaminating EV studies and influencing miRNA profiles. The study advocates for refined isolation methods to improve EV research and explores lipoproteins as potential biomarkers.
A new study projects China's non-CO2 mitigation potentials and costs by 2060, finding that deep CH4 mitigation can enhance climate benefits. Non-CO2 reductions are expected to be less costly than CO2 reductions, with a 2.3-4.3 times greater climate benefit.
Researchers at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research have developed a novel method to steer relativistic electron pulses produced by femtosecond lasers. By using solid targets with nanopillars, they achieved coherent control over the electrons' directionality and formed narrow beams.
Researchers review recent advancements in converting biomass-derived ethanol and acetic acid to C4 chemicals, highlighting active sites, reaction parameters, and mechanisms. Key findings include the conversion of ethanol to butadiene and isobutene, as well as the development of highly efficient catalysts for this process.
Researchers have designed a thermochromic smart window that can regulate temperature, reducing energy consumption by 10-50 MJ/m2. The device offers high visible transmissivity and broadband infrared modulation, enabling all-season energy savings.
This prospective cohort study found a significant association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and the incidence of gynecologic cancer. The study identified sulfate and carbon black as major contributors to this risk.
Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University have developed a new technique to grow arrayed tungsten disulfide nanotubes with aligned orientations. This breakthrough resolves the issue of jumbled orientations in collected amounts of nanotubes, enabling the exploration of exotic electric and optoelectronic properties.
Researchers at Doshisha University developed porous silicon oxide electrodes that improve the durability and energy density of all-solid-state batteries. The electrodes can withstand repeated charge/discharge cycles without cracking or peeling, making them a promising solution for sustainable energy storage.
A team of researchers has discovered a hitherto unrecognized role of mitochondria in maintaining cellular NAD levels. Decreased NAD levels are involved in ageing processes and various pathologies, but the study reveals that cells can generally tolerate reduced NAD levels without fatal consequences.
A new study detects pre-malignant pancreatic lesions using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), a form of MRI, which could enable early diagnosis and effective therapies. The detection was successful in both transgenic mice and human samples, opening the way to non-invasive diagnostic tools for PanINs.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have identified HIF1α as a key regulator that induces cancer-killing capacity in T cells under hypoxic conditions. In this study, they found that HIF1α-glycolysis is indispensable for IFN-γ induction in hypoxic T cells.
The Alliance of Hispanic-Serving Research Universities (HSRU) has received a $9.3 million grant from the U.S. Department of Defense to accelerate STEM education and research. The project, co-led by UCF and UTEP, aims to address the critical need for high-quality STEM talent in national defense.
Researchers found that international trade has caused over 90% of biodiversity loss in tropical regions due to agricultural land conversion. The study tracked land use changes between 1995 and 2022, revealing a significant impact on species loss in countries such as Brazil, Indonesia, and Madagascar.
A new study found that exposure to remote wildfire smoke drifting across the US led to a 20% increase in medical visits for heart and lung conditions. Patients who were older, non-smokers, and more socio-economically affluent were at higher risk on poor air quality days.
A new study shows targeted delivery of energy-disrupting gene therapy using nanoparticles shrinks glioblastoma brain tumors and aggressive breast cancer tumors in mice. The technology, mLumiOpto, induces light-activated electrical currents inside cells to disrupt mitochondria, leading to programmed cell death and DNA damage.
A new AI tool called PlacentaVision can rapidly evaluate placentas at birth to detect abnormalities associated with infection and neonatal sepsis. This could lead to improved health outcomes for both mothers and babies, particularly in areas with limited medical resources.
The ZEST trial found that patients with detectable circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) were more likely to have aggressive disease characteristics. To improve outcomes, researchers recommend starting ctDNA testing during treatment rather than waiting for completion, and targeting high-risk patients with tailored therapies.
The Juno mission has discovered that Io's volcanoes are likely fueled by their own chambers of roiling hot magma rather than an ocean of magma. This finding solves a long-standing mystery about the moon's subsurface origins and provides new insights into Io's volcanic activity.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet and Queen Mary University of London has developed a method to divide HPV-positive women into three risk groups, based on the variant of the HPV virus and the amount of virus present in the self-test. This method could enhance cervical cancer screening for high-risk women.
A study found that climate- and land use change will alter the availability of wild traditional foods in the Russian Far East, affecting Indigenous Peoples' health and livelihoods. Rural households heavily rely on these foods for income, with losses predicted in central and southern areas.
A new study suggests that glacial rivers and lakes can consume large amounts of methane being flushed from under melting glaciers, reducing atmospheric methane emissions. This natural process, called oxidation, has the potential to mitigate the effects of climate change by up to 53%.
A new Stanford University study found that influenza viruses can persist in refrigerated raw milk for up to five days, raising concerns about potential transmission pathways. The researchers also discovered that the viral RNA remained detectable in raw milk for at least 57 days.
Research found that intermittent fasting inhibits hair growth in mice by causing oxidative stress on stem cells. A clinical trial showed a similar effect in humans, with a 18% reduction in hair growth speed.
A highly drug-resistant cholera strain has been identified in Yemen and later detected in Lebanon, Kenya, Tanzania, and the Comoros Islands, including Mayotte. The strain's spread highlights the need for strengthened global surveillance of the cholera agent to monitor its resistance to antibiotics.
Researchers aim to develop resilient soybean plants resistant to southern root-knot nematodes, causing $160 billion in damages annually. The project will screen hundreds of genetically diverse soybean lines worldwide to identify potential new sources of resistance.
The American Heart Association and Major League Baseball partnered to provide Hands-Only CPR education to 30 MLB clubs, aiming to increase survival rates from sudden cardiac arrest. By learning lifesaving skills, baseball fans can help save lives in case of a cardiac emergency.
Pratyanik Sau, a senior at the University of Texas at Arlington, won an Outstanding Undergraduate Student Oral Presentation Award for his research on graphene using positrons. The study has implications for designing particle accelerators and fusion reactors.
A new AI image tool, INQUIRE, can aid in analyzing millions of wildlife images uploaded to the internet for insights into climate change impacts on species. Current AI algorithms can identify species but struggle with more complex questions.
Four EU-funded 6G projects launched in January 2025 will focus on sustainable energy-efficient networks and reducing environmental impact. The SUSTAIN-6G, 6G VERSUS, AMBIENT 6G, and SNS-CO OP projects aim to create a 6G future that benefits everyone, combining technological innovation with societal and environmental priorities.
Sage has acquired Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., expanding its portfolio of peer-reviewed journals in biotechnology and life sciences. The acquisition enhances reach and impact, ensuring high-quality science continues to make a difference.
The new book, 'Peace by Peace: Risking Public Action, Creating Social Change,' tells the stories of ordinary individuals who took small steps to make big changes in their local communities. Drift, a feeling of detachment and disconnection, is identified as a major challenge, but practical wisdom is proposed as a tool to counteract it.
Researchers used seismic data to discover glacial landforms in the North Sea, indicating an ice sheet expansion about 1 million years ago, linked to global cooling. The findings provide new insights into how past ice sheets responded to climate changes.
A study found that adding anthracyclines to taxane-based chemotherapy improved survival outcomes for HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients with high risk of recurrence. The OncotypeDX genomic test helped identify which patients could benefit from the addition.
A global taxonomy for physics laboratory classes aims to create a more equitable way to compare courses. Researchers found that lab courses emphasize technical skills and group work, with complex learning goals and varying equipment availability.
A multimodal machine learning model outperformed clinical and genomic models in predicting outcomes for HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients receiving CDK4/6 inhibitor combinations. The model integrated clinical and genomic factors to identify high-risk patients with a 6.5-fold difference in hazard ratio.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Stanford University have developed a new immunotherapy platform called TRACeR-I, which can more accurately recognize a wide variety of surface proteins expressed by cancer cells. This improved recognition enables the body's own immune system to target cancer cells more effectively.
Researchers found β-ionone alleviates ulcerative colitis symptoms by protecting the gut barrier and restoring microbial balance. The study suggests ION's therapeutic potential for UC management, offering an alternative to current drug treatments.
Key findings include the urgent need for technological advancements in power generation, transportation, and materials to reduce GHG emissions. Additionally, the authors propose innovative agricultural practices and AI-powered clean energy solutions to promote sustainable development.
The M87 black hole is observed to have a high-energy gamma-ray flare with an emission region of less than three light-days in size. The rapid variability in gamma rays suggests an extremely small flare region, which has different characteristics depending on the wavelength.
Researchers found that microglia clear amyloid-β plaques from the brain before plaque formation and may cause more plaques when homeostatic. In contrast, activated microglia help compact plaques in neurons, offering a protective role.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in treating liver cancer, with a new study revealing the potential of anti-CXCR4 therapy to reprogram the 'cold' microenvironment. The combination of anti-CXCR4 and PD1 blockades enhances intratumoral dendritic cell activation and immune responses against hepatocellular carcinoma.
Northwestern University's expertise in AI and astrophysics enables the development of cutting-edge artificial intelligence tools for the Giant Magellan Telescope. The partnership will enhance the telescope's capabilities to search for Earth-like planets, investigate energetic explosions, and explore galaxy-black hole relationships.
AI algorithms identify genetic mutations for early detection and targeted therapies, improving clinical decision-making. Despite challenges, AI has demonstrated significant impact in revolutionizing cancer detection and improving patient outcomes.
Researchers at Stanford University developed a prototype device that can produce ammonia from water vapor and nitrogen in the air using wind energy. The technology has the potential to eliminate the need for a century-old method of producing ammonia, which consumes 2% of global energy and contributes 1% of annual carbon dioxide emissions.