Researchers discovered a 4,750-year-old circular plaza with monumental megalithic stones in northern Peru's Callacpuma archaeological site. The structure dates back to the Late Preceramic Period and is one of the earliest examples of such architecture in the Americas.
The Changing High-Risk Asthma in Memphis through Partnership (CHAMP) program significantly decreased healthcare use related to asthma by addressing access to care, fragmented care, and social needs. After one year of enrollment, results showed a 48% reduction in ED visits, 68% reduction in inpatient and observation visits.
A systematic review found large reductions in depression for dance and moderate reductions for walking, jogging, and strength training. Exercise combined with SSRIs or psychotherapy showed added benefits. Vigorous exercise had greater effects than low-intensity activities.
A new study reveals that online images reinforce powerful gender stereotypes, with female and male associations being more extreme among Google Images than within text. The study also found that bias in images is more psychologically potent than in text, leading to stronger biases even three days later.
Researchers use bacteriophages to target and kill drug-resistant bacteria, with a patient experiencing complete resolution of infection after combination therapy. However, immune response may lead to recurrence, highlighting need for further clinical trials.
Scientists at the University of Illinois and Michigan created a template that minimizes heat transfer, resulting in highly organized microstructures. The result is eutectic materials with predictable and consistent properties, crucial for applications requiring uniformity.
Researchers from the Alfred Wegener Institute have found that jellyfish serve as a vital food source for amphipods during the Arctic winter. DNA metabarcoding analysis revealed a diverse range of jellyfish species in the stomachs of amphipod species, highlighting the importance of these gelatinous organisms in the polar night diet.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital propose innovative solutions to address the global blood crisis, including civilian walking blood banks and intraoperative auto-transfusion. These short-term strategies aim to increase access to blood transfusion in rural settings, where millions of people lack basic medical care.
Scientists have discovered that pancreatic cancer hijacks the brain-building protein Engrailed-1, leading to faster and deadlier metastasis. By targeting this aberrant protein, researchers may be able to develop personalized therapies and slow cancer progression.
A new study reveals that Agent Orange damages frontal lobe brain tissue in laboratory rats, causing molecular and biochemical abnormalities similar to early-stage Alzheimer's disease. This research has important implications for the long-term brain health of aging veterans and people exposed to biologically similar herbicides.
A recent twin study published in Human Brain Mapping has found that genetics play a significant role in brain activity during emotional and cognitive tasks, with some factors being exclusive to environment. The study used functional MRI scans on twins to analyze the relationship between genetics and environment in brain function.
A Cornell University study found that female lab mice behave differently from their male counterparts when placed in large outdoor enclosures. Unlike males, females often avoid each other and do not form hierarchical structures, instead interacting randomly with other females.
Vittrup Man's genetic signature was distinct from local skeletons, suggesting a non-Scandinavian origin. His tooth enamel isotopes revealed a shift from coastal to farm food in late teens, indicating a transition to farming society in Denmark.
Researchers from Osaka University found that gargling with an antiseptic mouthwash can reduce periodontitis-related bacteria in patients with type 2 diabetes. This simple method may improve the lives of people with periodontitis-linked diseases such as diabetes, dementia, and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have identified macrophages, immune cells that gobble up foreign substances, in the pleural cavity around the lungs. These cells play a crucial role in reducing inflammation and disease during flu infections.
Researchers discovered that blocking efferocytosis pathway prevents immunosuppressive activity in macrophages, restoring T cell activation and reducing metastatic tumour burden. The study found PDAC metastases to show high levels of immunosuppressive macrophages, promoting tumour growth.
A new AI tool, DeepGO-SE, successfully predicts the molecular functions of unknown proteins with high accuracy. This breakthrough enables researchers to analyze uncharacterized proteins, facilitating tasks such as drug discovery, metabolic pathway analysis, and disease associations.
Research published in ACS Environmental Science & Technology Letters reveals that exposure to pesticide-treated seeds can adversely affect earthworms' health. Earthworms exposed to non-lethal amounts of insecticides and fungicides showed poor weight gain and mitochondrial DNA damage.
Researchers found that injecting cross-linked hyaluronic acid dermal filler into photoaged skin stimulates collagen production within weeks, leading to short-term and long-term clinical improvements. The filler promotes the accumulation of new collagen over time, reducing wrinkles and improving skin elasticity.
Processing times for complaints against UK drug companies have tripled over nearly two decades, from less than three months to over eight and a half months. The industry's trade body has raised fees related to these complaints by more than 40% in an effort to tackle the backlog.
A recent study published in Nature identifies potential thresholds for stressors that could cause the Amazon forest to collapse. The research highlights the importance of understanding the most significant factors affecting the rainforest environment to develop strategies for keeping it resilient.
Researchers at City of Hope successfully treated the oldest person to achieve remission for both leukemia and HIV, demonstrating the effectiveness of reduced intensity chemotherapy before a stem cell transplant. The patient, Paul Edmonds, received donor cells resistant to HIV and was cured after nearly three years without antiretrovira...
Genetic analysis identified rare mutations in SPOCD1 and a new gene C19orf84 that work together to protect early-stage sperm cells from damage. This discovery could lead to expanded genetic screening for rare mutations and provide closure to affected individuals.
A recent study published in Cell Genomics has uncovered the quantitative and qualitative mutational impacts of ionizing radiation on normal cells. The research team found that exposure to low levels of radiation resulted in an average of 14 mutations per cell, primarily causing short base deletions and complex genomic rearrangements.
The book offers hope and impetus in the right direction by demonstrating that human courage and reason can help overcome paralyzing fear. It highlights the need for self-reliance, revitalization of human values, personal and local action, and a global perspective to steer humanity towards a modern world.
The AJPH special issue examines critical research findings to cultivate tangible solutions for healthcare workers' mental health. Key studies prioritize the mental health of healthcare workers, influencing patient care and staff retention.
A systematic review of 24 studies across seven countries found Indigenous people were more likely to have a stroke than non-Indigenous populations. The disparities are particularly evident in countries with high average quality of life and long life expectancies, suggesting inequitable access to resources to prevent and manage stroke.
A recent study of over 7,000 Australian adults found that reported marital harmony and conflict account for nearly 10% of mental health self-assessments. Financial difficulties and demographic factors also contribute to variation in mental health scores.
A new study published in the Strategic Management Journal suggests that startups are more vulnerable to innovation imitation due to knowledge spillovers and university endorsements. The study found that startups' patents receive fewer citations than established companies', despite accounting for a higher percentage of total patents.
Research from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases found that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy can provide protection to infants for at least six months. Infants born to mothers who received both doses of a COVID-19 vaccine had higher antibody levels and greater protection from infection.
Scientists have discovered that tiny crustaceans, such as amphipods, prey on both living and dead jellyfish during the Arctic polar night. The study, published in Frontiers in Marine Science, found that these crustaceans shift to an omnivorous diet during this period, utilizing jellyfish as a key food source.
Researchers developed a new machine learning method to analyze brain data, separating intrinsic neural patterns from sensory inputs. The method revealed surprisingly consistent hidden patterns in three subjects' neural activity despite different tasks.
Scientists have deciphered the assembly process of flower-like nuclei in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. This discovery enables potential therapeutic applications by guiding the development of new nuclear shapes to combat diseases.
Scientists successfully observed and controlled quantum effects at room temperature using a novel optomechanical system. The breakthrough enables practical applications of quantum technologies and expands the study of macroscopic quantum mechanics.
Researchers develop nanovector nanogels that selectively target glial cells involved in spinal cord injury inflammation, reducing damage and improving recovery. The treatment demonstrates potential for modulating glial cells in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
A new study from Uppsala University found that people who have had herpes virus are twice as likely to develop dementia as those who have never been infected. The researchers studied 1,000 70-year-olds over 15 years and confirmed previous research on the potential link between herpes and dementia.
A new study by the University of Exeter suggests that incorporating spaces for repairing and remaking clothes in shopping centers can promote sustainable fashion practices. Participants who took part in workshops reported engaging in more environmentally-oriented behaviors, such as buying fewer items and sourcing clothes ethically.
Researchers from Mount Sinai will present studies on preventing and treating fetal growth restriction, including the use of antenatal steroids and machine learning models for predicting surgical morbidity in placenta accreta spectrum. These findings aim to improve neonatal outcomes and maternal care.
A recent study published in Nature found that smoking has a lasting effect on the immune system, with certain defense mechanisms persisting for up to 10-15 years after quitting. The research used a large cohort of healthy volunteers and identified three key factors: smoking, latent cytomegalovirus infection, and body mass index.
A new study quantifies the impact of great fossil sites on our understanding of evolutionary relationships between fossil groups, discovering that the Gobi Desert's well-preserved lizard record shapes understanding more than any other site. The study's findings highlight the importance of exceptional fossil preservation in shaping our ...
Korean scientists have successfully grown animal muscle and fat cells inside rice grains, resulting in a nutritious and flavorful hybrid food. The cell-cultured beef rice has been found to have 8% more protein and 7% more fat than regular rice, making it a potential alternative to traditional livestock-based protein sources.
Researchers from Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign used generative AI to quickly assemble over 120,000 new MOF candidates for carbon capture. The approach combines AI with high-throughput screening, molecular dynamics simulations and theory-based design to identify optimal materials.
A survey study of U.S. adults found that post–COVID-19 condition is associated with greater self-reported functional impairment and depressive symptom severity. Cognitive symptoms are common among individuals with post–COVID-19 condition, impacting daily life.
Researchers at Aalto University have developed an optical metamaterial that enables the creation of truly one-way glass, opening up new applications for industries. The metamaterial harnesses the nonreciprocal magnetoelectric effect to control light transmission in both directions.
Researchers have successfully developed a hydrogel that slowly releases anti-inflammatory drugs to suppress inflammation in the retina and effectively deliver the drugs to the inflamed area. This innovation is expected to reduce patients' inconvenience of frequent injections, alleviate economic burden, and delay vision loss.
A study published in the International Journal of Primatology confirms living Skywalker gibbons in Myanmar, leading to estimates of up to 65,000 individuals in one area. The conservation committee aims to protect this new population and promote protected areas for the species.
Auburn University researchers are using a $400K NSF award to study the ionization and recombination of heavy elements in kilonovae, shedding light on their origins. The team's calculations will help determine which elements were produced in neutron star mergers.
A positive association was found between total prescription opioid dose dispensed and the odds of spontaneous preterm birth in a study of 251,000 pregnant patients. Minimizing opioid exposure during pregnancy is crucial to prevent spontaneous preterm delivery.
Researchers developed a test to predict which heart attack patients are likely to experience dysfunction after receiving mechanical pumps. The test measures pulmonary vascular compliance and its adaptability, helping doctors prevent right ventricle failure.
A new study has found that routinely changing surgical gloves and instruments is cost-effective and safer, reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) by 13% in seven low- and middle-income countries. The economic evaluation, funded by the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Research, compared the costs and SSIs associated with ro...
A University of Cambridge study found that school uniforms are associated with lower physical activity levels in young people, particularly primary school-aged girls. In countries where most schools require uniforms, fewer students meet the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per day.
Researchers found that USP1 inhibits cdc42, increases EWS-FLI1 transcriptional output, and simulates Ewing sarcoma growth. A pharmacological inhibitor of USP1 activated cdc42 and inhibited Ewing sarcoma growth.
A new study finds that red-colored agricultural nets are more effective at deterring onion thrips than traditional black or white nets. The use of red nets resulted in a 25-50% reduction in insecticide applications, making them a promising solution for sustainable agriculture.
A novel mechanism for splicing human short introns has been discovered using the SAP30BP-RBM17 complex. The researchers confirmed that the established pre-mRNA splicing mechanism cannot work in a subset of human short introns.
A team of researchers from New York University recruited 30 stutterers and monitored their brain activity using magnetoencephalography (MEG) while they spoke. The study found increased beta waves associated with cues that preceded stuttered words, suggesting a predictive link between brain activity and stuttering.
A new study reveals that the Amazon rainforest is at risk of a large-scale collapse if climatic and land-use thresholds are breached. The Southeastern Amazon has already shifted from a carbon sink to a source, while droughts, deforestation, and fires weaken its resilience mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a new immunotherapy based on STAb cells that outperforms existing CAR-T treatment in laboratory trials. The new therapy recruits natural T cells to fight cancer cells and overcomes limitations of current treatments.
A study published in Nature tracked neural activity of freely moving macaques using wireless eye tracking and neural monitoring. The research found that the visual cortex plays an active role in social behavior by providing signals to the prefrontal cortex, enabling the decision to cooperate.
Researchers found a more diverse range of microbiota in grey squirrel guts, which may improve their health and immunity. This difference could be linked to the destruction caused by grey squirrels' broad diet, including tree bark, a previously unknown trait.
The 2024 winners of the AAAS/Subaru Prize for Excellence in Science Books include titles on nature, ocean floors, and the solar system. The award recognizes exceptional science books that engage readers of all ages.